Showing papers in "Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2008"

TL;DR: Findings suggest that, at least in part, the encountered beneficial effects of essential oils are due to prooxidant effects on the cellular level.

TL;DR: Ginger is a strong anti-oxidant substance and may either mitigate or prevent generation of free radicals, and is considered a safe herbal medicine with only few and insignificant adverse/side effects.

TL;DR: Findings of beneficial properties of GML's extracts and xanthones isolated from this plant so far are summarized.

TL;DR: Antioxidant potential was dependent of honey extract concentration and the results showed that dark honey phenolic compounds had higher activity than the obtained from clear Honey, and S. aureus were the most sensitive microrganisms.

TL;DR: Cd and Pb THQ values as well as estimates of PCB TEQ exposure indicated the absence of health risks through consumption of the various seafood, while mercury TEQs values due to consumption of certain fish species (albacore, rosefish and thornback ray) indicated that human health risk might be of concern.

TL;DR: Wild mushrooms revealed a higher content of phenols but a lower content of ascorbic acid, than commercial mushrooms, and there were no differences between the antimicrobial properties of wild and commercial species.

TL;DR: In this article, the total phenols content and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were studied in walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks aqueous extracts of five different cultivars (Franquette, Mayette, Marbot, Mellanaise and Parisienne).

TL;DR: The molecular basis of chemoprevention and cytoprotection afforded by EGCG is summarized with emphasis on its ability to modulate Nrf2-mediated cellular events.

TL;DR: Though, both essential oil and oleoresins were found to be effective, essential oil was finding to be better than the olerosins.

TL;DR: In this paper, two xanthones, alpha- and gamma-mangostins, were isolated from the fruit hull of G. mangostana, and both significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) and PGE(2) production from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

TL;DR: All the walnut extracts exhibited antioxidant capacity in a concentration-dependent manner being the lowest EC(50) values obtained with extracts of cv.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that certain LAB strains are able to detoxify the two toxins and may be useful to protect humans and/or animals against the adverse health effects of these compounds.

TL;DR: Analysis of structure-activity relationship of these two compounds showed that the condensation and conjugation of danshensu and caffeic acid appears important for antioxidant activity, and dansensu and salvianolic acid B are efficient radical scavengers and antioxidants.

TL;DR: Rebiana is the common name for high-purity rebaudioside A, a natural non-calorie sweetener 200-300 times more potent than sucrose that provides zero calories and has a clean, sweet taste with no significant undesirable taste characteristics.

TL;DR: Oral administration of curcumin at 200mg/kg dose for four consecutive days not only protected against dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced hepatic injury, but also resulted in more than three-fold induction of HO-1 protein expression as well as activity in rat liver.

TL;DR: The potential and limitations of animal feeding trials for the safety and nutritional testing of whole GM food and feed are discussed, in particular the ability of these experiments to indicate clinical effects or histopathological abnormalities in organs or tissues of exposed animals is examined.

TL;DR: This paper summarizes the information used to conclude that high purity rebaudioside A (rebiana) produced to food-grade specifications and according to Good Manufacturing Practices is safe for human consumption under its intended conditions of use as a general purpose sweetener.

TL;DR: The results obtained indicate that Portuguese propolis is an important source of total phenols showing antioxidant properties that could be beneficial for human health.

TL;DR: The present data suggests that the flavonoid rich extract from EJ plant has both hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects which can help the cure and management of diabetes.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the erythrocytes treated with nano-TiO(2) underwent abnormal sedimentation, hemagglutination and dose dependent hemolysis, totally differing from those treated with micro-Ti O(2).

TL;DR: Low concentration of Cinnamaldehyde inhibited the secretion of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha within lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) stimulated murine J774A.1 macrophages, and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase1/2 induced by LPS was inhibited by Cinnmaldehyde.

TL;DR: Saffron could cause cell death in HeLa and HepG2 cells, in which apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role, and could be also considered as a promising chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment in future.

TL;DR: It was found that a single narghile smoking session delivers approximately 50 times the quantities of carcinogenic 4- and 5-membered ring PAHs as a single 1R4F cigarette smoked using the FTC protocol.

TL;DR: Routine monitoring of these pollutants in food items is required to prevent, control and reduce the pollution and to minimize health risks.

TL;DR: Data indicate that curucmin protected PC12 cells against Abeta-induced neurotoxicity through the inhibition of oxidative damage, intracellular calcium influx, and tau hyperphosphorylation.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that T. sinensis may act as a chemopreventative agent, providing antioxidant properties and offering effective protection from atherogenesis, as well as the scavenging of free and superoxide anion radicals and metal chelation.

TL;DR: The results demonstrated that mango peel extracts protected erythrocytes against oxidative stress and may impart health benefits and it could be used as a valuable food ingredient or a nutraceutical product.

TL;DR: The results from the present study suggested that the leaves of MO can prevent hepatic injuries from APAP induced through preventing the decline of glutathione level.

TL;DR: The results showed that none of the aldehydes identified in this study are found in the particulate phase of the smoke, except for formaldehyde for which the partitioning coefficient was estimated as Kp = 3.3 x 10(-8) microg/m3.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of structurally related flavonoids and flavonols on a human oesophageal adenocarcinoma cell line (OE33) were compared, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for their cytotoxic effects were explored.