Showing papers in "Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2009"

TL;DR: The detailed exposure evaluation for aerosol ingredients with defined use scenarios, in conjunction with an evaluation of the potential structure activity relationship for toxicity and the TTCs for inhalation exposure could be used to waive undertaking inhalation toxicology studies under REACH.

TL;DR: The various food safety issues that are likely to be affected by changes in climate, particularly in Europe are identified.

TL;DR: It is concluded that Moringa oleifera leaves possess high phenolic content and potent antioxidant properties, which may be mediated through direct trapping of the free radicals and also through metal chelation.

TL;DR: To reduce AFB(1) contamination of feeds for dairy cattle by preventing fungal growth and AFB (1) formation in agricultural commodities intended for animal use, it is necessary to reduce the probability of this contaminant through choice of: hybrids; seeding time and density; suitable ploughing and fertirrigation; and chemical or biological control.

TL;DR: It was found that these extracts could significantly inhibit the OH-dependent damage of pUC18 plasmid DNA and also inhibit synergistically with trolox, with an activity sequence of LE > FE > SE.

TL;DR: GA has proabsorptive properties and can be used in diarrhoea, and has some antimicrobial activity, suggesting a possible use in dentistry, but more studies are needed before its pharmacological properties can be utilized in therapy.

TL;DR: The levels of lead and cadmium in fish samples were higher than the recommended legal limits for human consumption and the relative standard deviations were found to be lower than 10%.

TL;DR: The study concludes that the transportation and marketing systems of vegetables play a significant role in elevating the contaminant levels of heavy metals which may pose a threat to the quality of the vegetables with consequences for the health of the consumers of locally produced foodstuffs.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that Tamarix may be considered as an interesting source of antioxidants for therapeutic or nutraceutical industries and for food manufactures.

TL;DR: Analysis of phenolic compounds in sixteen Portuguese wild mushrooms species has been carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detector and mass spectrometer (HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS), finding diverse phenolic acids namely protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids, and two vanillic acid isomers found and quantified.

TL;DR: The results suggest that PG could be used, as a dietary supplement, in the treatment of chronic diseases characterized by atherogenous lipoprotein profile, aggravated antioxidant status and impaired glucose metabolism and also in their prevention.

TL;DR: It was observed that C. sativum extract protects liver from oxidative stress induced by CCl(4) and thus helps in evaluation of traditional claim on this plant.

TL;DR: Seven Morchella species were analyzed for their antioxidant activities in different test systems namely beta-carotene/linoleic acid, DPPH, reducing power, chelating effect and scavenging effect (%) on the stable ABTS*(+), in addition to their heavy metals, total phenolic and flavonoid contents.

TL;DR: This is the first study comparing the chemical composition and biological potential of F. carica pulps, peels and leaves and leaves' organic acids profile presented oxalic, citric, malic, quinic, shikimic and fumaric acids.

TL;DR: EA fraction showed dose dependent antimutagenic activity by following the inhibition of tobacco-induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium strains (TA102) and hydroxyl radical-induced nicking in plasmid pUC18 DNA, showing that EA fraction of red onion peel can be used as natural antioxidant in nutraceutical preparations.

TL;DR: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that S. rebaudiana has a significant potential to use as a natural antioxidant agent.

TL;DR: GSPE reduced cisplatin-induced the levels of TBARS in plasma, heart, kidney and liver, TL, cholesterol, urea and creatinine, and liver AST and ALT, and ameliorated cispltn-induced decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and GSH, total protein and albumin.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that curcumin has beneficial influences and could be able to antagonize Sa toxicity and reduce the induction in the levels of TBARS and induced the decrease in the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the Levels of SH-groups.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the potential inhibitory effect of compound 1 against growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells might be associated with induction of apoptosis through NF-kappaB family and NF- kappaB dependent pathway.

TL;DR: It was observed that the leafy vegetables (spinach, coriander and peppermint) contain higher As levels as compared to ground vegetables and grain crops on dried weight basis, and the estimated daily intake of total As in the diet was 9.2 microg/kg body weight/day.

TL;DR: In vitro and in vivo absorption, metabolism, and excretion studies in Caco-2 cells, rat primary hepatocytes and male and female rats show that Resvida is readily absorbed, metabolized and excreted, providing evidence that ResVida is well tolerated and non-toxic.

TL;DR: Results of this study show that, in general, cooking processes are only of a limited value as a means of reducing PBDE, HCB and PAH concentrations in food.

TL;DR: The use of coriander oil as an added food ingredient is considered safe at present levels of use because of the history of consumption without reported adverse effects, lack of its toxicity in limited studies and lack of toxicity of its major constituent, linalool.

TL;DR: The results obtained strongly indicate that green pod of A. nilotica are important source of natural antioxidants.

TL;DR: COS inhibited tumor growth and the number of lung colonies in LLC-bearing mice as well as the lung metastasis, and it prolonged the survival time of the LLC-mice.

TL;DR: Eight strains of Lactobacillus casei exhibited different degrees of aflatoxin binding; the strain with the highest AFB1 binding was L. casei L30, a human isolate, which was the strain least sensitive to the inhibitory effects of bile salts.

TL;DR: Overall, this DG-mimetic aging study shows that SIF effectively attenuate oxidative damage and improve parameters related to aging and Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: Light microscopic investigations revealed that 4 weeks of malathion exposure was associated with necrosis and edema in the seminiferous tubules and interstitial tissues, and it appears that vitamins C and E are not completely protective.

TL;DR: The speciation procedure established was successfully applied to the speciation of mercury(II) and methyl mercury in natural water and microwave digested fish samples.

TL;DR: Propolis could be effective in the protection against the reproductive toxicity of AlCl3 and was proved histopathologically by the great improvement in testes.