Showing papers in "Food and Chemical Toxicology in 2011"

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the leaf extracts from M. oleifera had strong antiproliferation and potent induction of apoptosis and has potential for cancer chemoprevention and can be claimed as a therapeutic target for cancer.

TL;DR: Intra- and inter-specific variability of metals bioaccumulation was statistically assessed and species and length revealed to be the major influencing biometric factors, in particular for mercury and arsenic.

TL;DR: The inhibitory effects of fucoidan on production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pro-inflammatory mediators in BV2 microglia are investigated to suggest thatfucoidan may offer substantial therapeutic potential for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases that are accompanied by microglial activation.

TL;DR: It is verified that the presence of pollen differentially affected the growth of bacteria Gram-positive, Gram-negative and yeasts under study, depending this on the microorganism and the pollen used.

TL;DR: It is found that TFPL possesses potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities that could contribute, at least in part, to the traditionally claimed therapeutic benefits of persimmon leaves.

TL;DR: This study shows that Tualang honey (Agromas) (TH) has significant anticancer activity against human breast and cervical cancer cell lines.

TL;DR: A qualitative comparison of the benefit and risk of broccoli consumption benefit-risk assessment shows that the benefit from intake in modest quantities and in processed form outweighs potential risks.

TL;DR: Astaxanthin shows protection from MPP+/MPTP-induced apoptosis in the SH-SY5Y cells and PD model mouse SN neurons, and this effect may be attributable to upregulation of the expression of Bcl-2 protein, down regulation of theexpression of Bax and α-synuclein, and inhibition of the activation of caspase-3.

TL;DR: It was found that phosphorus (P) played important roles in Cd uptake and translocation via the processes involved in bonding Cd to the cell wall fraction and forming Cd-phosphate complexes and it is suggested that use of low-Cd cultivars in conjunction with P supply is a much useful way to reduce the pollution risk of Cd in the food chain.

TL;DR: Agaricus species, particularly Agaricus bitorquis might be useful as antioxidant agents and moderate anticholinesterase agents, and their extracts will probably be used for development of dietary foods, food products and additives.

TL;DR: A new solid phase extraction method is described for sensitive and selective determination of trace levels of rhodamine B in soft drink, food and industrial waste water samples and the presented procedure was successfully applied to real samples.

TL;DR: Methanol extract of TB and EB can act as potent α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitor and significant antiglycation activity also confirms the therapeutic potential of these extracts against diabetes.

TL;DR: Curcumin showed an anti-hyperglycemic effect and improved insulin sensitivity, and this action may be attributed at least in part to its anti-inflammatory properties as evident by attenuating TNF-α levels in HFD fed rats, and itsAnti-lipolytic effect as evidentBy attenuating plasma free fatty acids.

TL;DR: Solid lipid nanoparticles of curcumin (C-SLNs) with enhanced BA were prepared and investigated its therapeutic role in alleviating behavioural, biochemical and histochemical changes upon oral administration of AlCl(3) in male Lacca mice, highlighting the potential of C- SLNs for treatment of AD.

TL;DR: Most of the varieties having light color seed coat, except soybean exhibited low antioxidant activity, while legumes having dark color seed Coat did not always possessed high antioxidant activity.

TL;DR: The data obtained in the present study suggests that PRF has potent antioxidant activity, prevent oxidative damage to major biomolecules and afford significant protection against CCl(4) induced oxidative damage in the liver.

TL;DR: There is a positive correlation between the antitumor activity and the antioxidant activity, and of these two activities and with the levels of polyphenols and flavonoids.

TL;DR: It is found that the beneficial effect of rutin pretreatment is mediated partially by its inhibitory effect on NFκB and TNF-α pathway mediated inflammation, caspase-3 mediated-tubular cell apoptosis, as well as by restoration of histopathological changes against cisplatin administration.

TL;DR: The understanding of the molecular mechanism by which olive leaves extract arrested cell growth showed a down-expression of the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 which in turn decreased the level of a G1 key protein; Cyclin D1.

TL;DR: Iron content was higher than other metals in the investigated edible vegetable oils and should pose no risk to human health, compared with safety intake levels recommended by Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, US Environmental Protection Agency and Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that AF increases the expression of antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2 and at the same time decreases theexpression of inflammatory mediators in DMN-induced liver injury, implying that AF induces antioxidant defense via the NRF2 pathway and reduces inflammation via NF-κB inhibition.

TL;DR: Significant increases in the frequencies of micronuclei and DNA strand breaks in erythrocytes of C. auratus, following exposure to commercial formulation of atrazine are demonstrated, demonstrating the genotoxic potential of this pesticide on fish.

TL;DR: The antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of the ethanolic extract of mulberry twigs (EEMT) showed that EEMT exhibited radical scavenging and reducing activity, as well as ferrous ion-chelating activity, indicating that EemT could protect biomolecules from oxidative damage.

TL;DR: The present results indicate that SB and PB are clastogenic, mutagenic and cytotoxic to human lymphocytes in vitro.

TL;DR: It is concluded that dietary PSO ameliorates high-fat diet induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice, independent of changes in food intake or energy expenditure.

TL;DR: Results showed that the used insecticides had the propensity to cause significant oxidative damage in rat brain, which is associated with marked perturbations in antioxidant defense system in addition to antioxidant enzymes can be used as potential biomarkers of toxicity associated with pesticides exposure.

TL;DR: These robust fractional excretion values for the main primary and secondary phthalate metabolites along with estimates of their uncertainty can be used in future surveys of human exposure to DEHP and DINP.

TL;DR: Pagmatic approaches for quality and safety standards of botanical ingredients are needed; consumer safety should be the first objective of conventional and botanical PCP ingredients.

TL;DR: Ginger exhibit a neuroprotective effect by accelerating brain anti-oxidant defense mechanisms and down regulating the MDA levels to the normal levels in the diabetic rats, suggesting that ginger may be used as therapeutic agent in preventing complications in diabetic patients.

TL;DR: The analytical parameters show that the microwave oven digestion procedure provided best results as compared to the wet and dry digestion procedures.