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Showing papers in "Food and Cosmetics Toxicology in 1973"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biological significance of the induction of liver tumours in mice and the importance of liver cell hyperplasia are discussed.

160 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: BHT reduced the incidence of hepatoma in males to 20% when the carcinogen was FAA and of mammary cancer in females to 35%.

160 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An attempt is made to relate metabolism to toxic action of aflatoxin B1, a secondary metabolite of the fungus Aspergillus flavus and one of the most powerful hepatotoxins known.

151 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Liver lesions observed in all the groups, including controls, were classed as type (a), a simple nodular growth of liver parenchymal cells, and type (b), areas of papilliform and adenoid growth of tumour cells, sometimes accompanied in both control and treated animals by metastases to the lungs.

121 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears, therefore, that in cases of growth reduction, an increase in the relative weights of the liver or the kidneys must be considered to be an effect of the compound.

101 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The interaction of trisubstituted ureas with nitrite in mildly acid solution can lead to two products, the appropriate nitrosourea and, by nitrosative cleavage, the dialkylnitrosamine.

95 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The toxic compound dioxin (dioxin) was shown to cause pericardial oedema and death in chickens after a single oral dose of 25-50 μg/kg and the extreme toxicity to the guinea-pig was confirmed.

94 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that BHT increases the detoxification metabolites of FAA and N-OH-FAA, and thus lowers the amount of a given dose available for activation reactions.

78 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that some tin compounds may inhibit haematopoiesis, possibly by interfering with the intestinal absorption of iron, in rats fed on diets containing various salts or oxides of tin.

76 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A marked difference was demonstrated between the effects of degraded (C16) and native (HMR) carrageenan in the monkey.

71 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Limited observations in man suggest that he is also resistant to this effect, indicating that carrageenan is unlikely to be involved in the aetiology of human ulcerative colitis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Pregnant mice intubated with mercury in doses of 0, 0·1, 1 or 5 mg Hg/kg/day from day 6 to day 17 of pregnancy, inclusive, were allowed to litter and developmental defects of undetermined aetiology were observed in the eyelids in animals from all test groups and the controls.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: BHT fed to male mice for 4 wk gave significant protection against mortality caused by ethyl methanesulphonate, n -propyl or isopropyl methamphetamine, ethylene dibromide, diethylnitrosamine and cyclophosphamide, but female mice were protected from the lethal effects of MMS.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The rate of disappearance of liver radioactivity was slower in the animals treated with the lower dose of the toxin, and the solvent-extractable faecal radioactivity declined with time of excretion, reaching the low level of 1 % of the faecic radioactivity excreted during day 4.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that saccharin is not metabolized, in the species studied and within the limits of the analytical methods.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Adult male rats injected with methylmercuric chloride or mercuric bichloride in a daily dosage of 1·0 mg Hg/kg body weight died after 4 wk, and Histochemical studies of the enzymes glucose 6-phosphatase, alkaline phosphat enzyme, acid phosphatases, adenosine triph phosphatase (ATPase) and succinic dehydrogenase performed on liver, kidney and brain revealed general decreases and moderate increases.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cysteine reversed the inhibitory effect of both mycotoxins on LDH but not on ADH, and the interaction of the thiol groups at the active site of the dehydrogenases with both myotoxins is discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, samples of marine salt fish from the markets in Hong Kong were analysed for N, N -dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) and significant amounts of this compound, commonly in the 0·05-0·3 ppm range, were detected by gas chromatography and were confirmed in several samples by GC-mass spectrometry.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The oestrogenic activities reported were very high in comparison with those in other plants, and were detectable in any of these preparations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the feeding of diets containing high levels of tin results in anaemia unless high amounts of iron and Copper are given, and the growth depression caused by tin is not alleviated by enriching the diet with iron and copper.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that the present exposure to dithiocarbamate fungicides in agriculture is unlikely to present a hazard to the normal development of the human embryo.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Long-term percutaneous toxicity and carcinogenicity of p -toluenediamine, resorcinol and m -diaminoanisole, which are all important constituents of hair dyes, were studied in rats, finding no difference in respect of their mean lifespan or the type and incidence of tumours.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The percentage of still-born pups showed a slight increase and the weight gain and the survival to weaning were slightly impaired by the higher dietary level of HMT, while no malformations were observed in any of the 264 live-born and 20 still- born pups.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mycotoxins, penicillic acid and patulin, were found to inhibit aldolase non-competitively in vitro with inhibition constants (K i) of 9·0 × 10 −6 m and 1·3× 10 −5 m, respectively.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The agar overlay method proved to be the more sensitive in detecting low concentrations of the cytotoxic agent in the plastics, while the histochemical method demonstrated cytot toxic changes in the cells much earlier than did the loss of neutral red.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A slightly reduced rate of body-weight gain at the highest dose level was shown to be due to a reduced food intake, and histopathological examination showed that these deaths were due to dosing into the lungs and not to any toxic effects of isoamyl alcohol.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dinoseb was concluded to have a low potential for the induction of terata in mice and showed maternal toxicity but essentially no embryotoxicity or teratogenicity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Investigation in rats, mice and monkeys using dose levels of 10 and 50 mg SO2/kg administered as NaHSO3 mixed with Na235SO3 found most of the ingested sulphite was absorbed from the intestine and voided in the urine of all three species within 24 hr, with the rate of this elimination being species-dependent.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that in vivo nitrosation of morpholine does occur in the rat, presumably in the acidic gastric environment.