Showing papers in "Foreign Affairs in 2009"

American Exceptionalism and Human Rights

Abstract: Chapter 1 Introduction: American Exceptionalism and Human Rights by Michael Ignatieff 1 PART I THE VARIETIES OF EXCEPTIONALISM 27 Chapter 2 The Exceptional First Amendment by Frederick Schauer29 Chapter 3 Capital Punishment and American Exceptionalism by Carol S Steiker 57 Chapter 4 Why Does the American Constitution Lack Social and Economic Guarantees? By Cass R Sunstein 90 Chapter 5 America's Jekyll-and-Hyde Exceptionalism by Harold Hongju Koh 111 PART II EXPLAINING EXCEPTIONALISM 145 Chapter 6 The Paradox of USHuman Rights Policy by Andrew Moravcsik 147 Chapter 7 American Exceptionalism, Popular Sovereignty, and the Rule of Law by Paul W Kahn 198 PART III EVALUATING EXCEPTIONALISM 223 Chapter 8 American Exceptionalism: The New Version by Stanley Hoffmann 225 Chapter 9 Integrity-Anxiety? by Frank I Michelman 241 Chapter 10 A Brave New Judicial World by Anne-Marie Slaughter 277 Chapter 11 American Exceptionalism, Exemptionalism, and Global Governance by John Gerard Ruggie 304 Contributors 339 Index 341

How development leads to democracy

Abstract: In the last several years, a democratic boom has given way to a democratic recession. Between 1985 and 1995, scores of countries made the transition to democracy, bringing widespread euphoria about democracy's future. But more recently, democracy has retreated in Bangladesh, Nigeria, the Philippines, Russia, Thailand, and Venezuela, and the Bush administration's attempts to establish democracy in Afghanistan and Iraq seem to have left both countries in chaos. These developments, along with the growing power of China and Russia, have led many observers to argue that democracy has reached its high-water mark and is no longer on the rise

The Geoengineering Option

Abstract: David G. Victor is a Professor at Stanford Law School, Director of Stanford's Program on Energy and Sustainable Development, and an Adjunct Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. M. Granger Morgan is Head of Carnegie Mellon University's Department of Engineering and Public Policy and Director of the Climate Decision Making Center. Jay Apt is Professor of Engineering and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University. John Steinbruner is Professor of Public Policy and Director of the Center for International and Security Studies at the University of Maryland. Katharine Ricke is a doctoral student at Carnegie Mellon University. Additional materials are available online at www.cfr.org/geoengineering.

The Dollar Dilemma

Abstract: Notwithstanding concerns that the dollar’s prospects as a reserve currency have been dimmed by the crisis, there has been no actual diminution of the dollar’s international role. The dollar will remain the principal form of international reserves for the foreseeable future.

The G-2 Mirage

Abstract: The Obama team is in good company Henry Kissinger has called for the US-Chinese relationship to be "taken to a new level" and Zbigniew Brzezinski has advocated the development of a G-2, a group of two comprising China and the United States that could address the international financial crisis, tackle climate change, limit the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, and maybe even help resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict Early notes of potential discord -Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner's description of China as a currency manipulator, Secretary Clinton's call for greater religious freedom in China, National Intelligence Director Dennis Blair's openness to potential future arms sales to Taiwan -were muted in the interest of elevating the US-Chinese relationship

The Argentina reader : history, culture, politics

Abstract: Epigraph Cesar Fernandez Moreno, "Argentine To Death" (1963) Acknowledgements Map General Introduction 1 AT THE MARGINS OF THE EMPIRE Introduction The Deeds of Elal Anonymous Going Wild Ulderico Schmidt Monsters in Patagonia Antonio Pigafetta Women Captives Ruy Diaz de Guzman The Jesuit Mission Father Strobel A Gaucho Sings the Victories of the Empire Juan Baltasar Maciel The First British Invasion Mariquita Sanchez de Thompson 2 TO BUILD A NATION Introduction The Revolution Tulio Halperin Donghi The Landowners Petition Mariano Moreno The Good Citizen General San Martin Women in the Fatherland Juana Manuela Gorriti The Caudillo's Order Juan Manuel de Rosas Civilization or Barbarism Domingo F Sarmiento Rosas and Washington Pedro de Angelis The Black Girl Anonymous Immigration as a Means of Progress Juan Bautista Alberdi 3 FRONTIERS Introduction The Slaughterhouse Esteban Echeverria Wars of Extermination Charles Darwin The Triple Alliance Captain Francisco Seeber One Hundred Leagues of Trench Alfred Ebelot Gauchos in and out of the State Jose Hernandez An Expedition to the Ranquel Indians Lucio V Mansilla Amerindian Resistance Chief Manuel Namuncura 4 SPLENDOR AND FIN-DE-SIECLE Introduction The Foundation of the National State David Vinas The Paris of South America James Scobie The Modern Crowd Jose Maria Ramos Mejia Making it in America Oreste Sola The Jewish Gauchos Alberto Gerchunoff The Birth of Tango Simon Collier Bourgeois Snakes Jose Ingenieros Argentina as Latin American Avant-Garde Ruben Dario National Identity in a Cosmopolitan Society Leopoldo Lugones 5 MODERN TIMES Introduction Simon Radowitzky Osvaldo Bayer The Ucr David Rock Poems to be Read on a Trolley Car Oliverio Girondo Modern Women Alfonsina Storni X-Ray of the Pampa Ezequiel Martinez Estrada Soccer and Popular Joy Roberto Arlt Cambalache Enrique Santos Discepolo 6 POPULISM AND NEW NATIONALISM Introduction Peron and the People Daniel James Saint Evita Tomas Eloy Martinez Ramona's Revenge Lino Palacio Funes, the Memorious Jorge Luis Borges Victorian Fathers Victoria Ocampo The Foreign Gaze Witold Gombrowicz Village on the River Juanele Ortiz House Taken Over Julio Cortaza Operation Massacre Rodolfo Walsh 7 REVOLUTIONARY DREAMS Introduction The Latin American Revolution According to Che Ernesto "Che" Guevara Are We All Neurotic? Anonymous Tucuman is Burning Maria Teresa Gramuglio & Nicolas Rosa The Cordobazo Agustin Tosco The Words of Silence Alejandra Pizarnik The Muleteer Atahualpa Yupanqui Montoneros Soldiers of Peron Richard Gillespie Anti-Revolutionary Peronism Juan Domingo Peron 8 STATE VIOLENCE Introduction Modernization and Military Coups Guillermo O'Donnell Artificial Respiration Ricardo Piglia The Mad Women at Plaza de Mayo Hebe Bonafini & Matilde Sanchez Never Again Conadep Still Harboring Juan Gelman In State of Memory Tununa Mercado Corpses Nestor Perlongher War in the South Atlantic Graciela Speranza and Fernando Cittadini 9 DEMOCRACY AND NEOLIBERALISM Introduction: Teaching the Republic Raul Alfonsin Living with Inflation Osvaldo Soriano Menem: A New Style in Politics Vicente Palermo y Marcos Novaro The Journalist as the People's Detective Horacio Gonzalez Roadblocks, Detours, and Crossroads Rodolfo Rabanal 10 ARGENTINA IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION: NEW CITIZENSI-IIPS AND THE POLITICS OF MEMORY Introduction We are all Cursed Javier Auyero Soccer and Masculinity Eduardo Archetti Amerindian Rights State Law of Indigenous Rights Feminist Awakenings Marecla Nari The Children of Death Maria Moreno Active Memory Laura Ginsberg Infinity Cesar Aira Postmodern Forgetfulness Beatriz Sarlo Further Readings List of Illustrations

Tehran's Take: Understanding Iran's U.S. Policy

Abstract: Although a great deal has been written about the United States' policy toward Iran, hardly anything comprehensive has been produced about Iran's policy toward the United States. Given Washington's concerns that the United States faces "no greater challenge from a single country than from Iran," as the 2006 National Security Strategy put it, this lack of serious attention is astonishing. What does exist is sensation alistic coverage about Iran's nuclear ambitions and about mad mullahs driven by apocalyptic delusions and a martyr complex. That picture suggests that Iran's policy consists of a series of random hit-and-run assaults on U.S. interests and that its leaders, being irrational and undeterrable, must be eliminated by force. In fact, Tehran's foreign policy has its own strategic logic. Formulated not by mad mullahs but by calculating ayatollahs, it is based on Iran's ambitions and Tehran's perception of what threatens them. Tehran's top priority is the survival of the Islamic Republic as it exists now. Tehran views the United States as an existential threat and to counter