Showing papers in "Free Radical Biology and Medicine in 2019"

TL;DR: The history of observations consistent with the current definition of ferroptosis, as well as the advances that contributed to the emergence of the concept, are described.

TL;DR: An overview of what is known about ferroptosis today and its future translational impact is provided to provide an overview of the rapidly growing interest in this form of cell death.

TL;DR: Recent discoveries and emerging trends in the study of the ferroPTosis network are reviewed and the context‐dependent impact of p53 on ferroptosis and oxidative stress is highlighted.

TL;DR: An update and summary on the knowledge of mammalian Tf and its receptors is provided and apo‐Tf has been explored for various clinical conditions including atransferrinemia, iron overload, and tissue ischemia.

TL;DR: The ramifications of a novel cell death pathway called ferroptosis that has provided a fresh impetus to the “metal hypothesis” of neurodegeneration are explored.

TL;DR: The finding in mice that deletion of SOD2 or the anti‐oxidant gene transcriptional regulator nuclear factor‐erythroid 2‐ related factor result in more severe OA, while overexpression or treatment with mitochondrial targeted anti-oxidants reduces OA further support a role for excessive ROS in the pathogenesis of OA.

TL;DR: The role that oxidative stress and the reduction of NRF2 play in each of the Hallmarks of Aging, including how they contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and other age-related pathologies are outlined.

TL;DR: Experimental evidences on the detailed mechanism of DHA‐induced ferroptosis are provided and reveal that DHA might represent a promising therapeutic agent to preferentially target AML cells.

TL;DR: This review will discuss the role of protein thiols as scavengers of hydrogen peroxide in antioxidant enzymes, use thiol peroxidases to exemplify how proteinThiols contribute to redox signaling, and illustrate how thiol-based redox systems have evolved not only to protect against but to take full advantage of a world full of molecular oxygen.

TL;DR: P3G and ACN ameliorated DSS‐induced colitis in mice through three aspects including blocking proinflammatory cytokines, increasing tight junction protein and modulating gut microbiota.

TL;DR: A two-stage iron-dependent mechanism for iron in ferroptosis is proposed by combining its catalytic role in the 15-LOX-driven production of 15-hydroperoxy-AA-PE (HOO-AA -PE) as well as possible involvement of loosely-bound iron in oxidative cleavage of HOO- AA-PE to oxidatively truncated electrophiles capable of attacking nucleophilic targets in yet to be identified proteins leading to cell demise.

TL;DR: An update on the understanding of the free radical oxidation of LPO, analytical technique to analyze the oxidation products, especially the oxidized phospholipids and cholesterol esters in low density lipoproteins (LDL), and the experimental and clinical evidence on the role of lipid oxidation in the inflammatory responses associated with CVD are given.

TL;DR: The iron-excess response of plants is thought to be partially independent of the iron-deficiency response, and extant knowledge of plant iron transport and its regulation is summarized and discussed.

TL;DR: This review explores the definitions of sarcopenia and frailty and summarize the current knowledge on their relationship with oxidative stress and the possible therapeutic interventions to prevent or treat them, including exercise-based interventions and multimodal strategies.

TL;DR: Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disorder with a multi‐factorial etiology including overproduction of ROS, and ROS overproduction in OA modifies intracellular signaling, chondrocyte life cycle, metabolism of cartilage matrix and contributes to synovial inflammation and dysfunction of the subchondral bone.

TL;DR: The results confirmed that the NLRP3 inflammasome is an effective target for IVDD treatment and that the injection of exosomes could be a promising therapeutic strategy.

TL;DR: It is proved that quercetin exerts chondroprotective effects by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis of chond rocytes, modulating synovial macrophage polarization to M2 macrophages and creating a pro-chondrogenic environment for chondROcytes to enhance cartilage repair under OA environment.

TL;DR: Investigation of the role of inflammation and oxidative stress caused by prolonged PM2.5 exposure in dyslipidemia‐associated chronic hepatic injury and changes in indicators of metabolic disorder and in symbolic indices of NAFLD indicate a new goal for preventing and treating air pollution–induced diseases: suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

TL;DR: This work summarizes DMT1 expression depending on the types of cell or tissue and the function and mechanism of one of the iron chaperones, PCBP2, which can provide an answer to how ferrous iron is transported safely in cytosol.

TL;DR: The article provides a biochemical basis for the links between redox and zinc biology and discusses why zinc has pleiotropic functions.

TL;DR: Better understanding the cancer type-specific expression of apoptomiRs and oncomiRs and their underlying mechanisms in cell death pathways will not only advance the knowledge, but also continue to provide new opportunities to treat cancer.

TL;DR: Accumulating data indicate that the total amount of triglycerides stored in hepatocytes is not the major determinant of lipotoxicity and that specific lipid classes act as damaging agents on liver cells.

TL;DR: An overview of NTBI uptake by various tissues and cells is provided and the evidence for and against the roles of individual transporters in this process are summarized.

TL;DR: The clinically utilised chelators desferrioxamine, deferiprone and deferasirox in each case render iron complexes with large negative electrode potentials, thus being effective in preventing iron redox cycling and the associated toxicity resulting from such activity.

TL;DR: Thirty years ago, there was an emerging appreciation for the significance of oxidative stress in newborn disease and a renewed interest in the impact of oxygen therapy for the newborn in the delivery room and beyond, especially in premature infants.

TL;DR: Berberine reduces liver TG synthesis and attenuates hepatic steatosis through the activation of AMPK-SREBP-1c-SCD1 pathway and sterol regulatory element (SRE) motif in SCD1 promoter was responsible for the BBR-induced suppression of SCD 1.

TL;DR: Reversible phosphorylation downstream the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling cascade and deacetylation mediated by sirtuins are recognized as major mitochondrial regulators.

TL;DR: Timed ramelteon treatment appears to prevent inflammation and oxidative stress via the Nrf2‐antioxidant response element pathway and might represent a potential chronotherapeutic strategy for treating TBI.

TL;DR: This review discusses the dual function of ROS to both promote cell damage and cell adaptive responses (ROS signaling) in the cochlea undergoing a stressful condition such as noise exposure, and focuses on animal models of noise-induced hearing loss.

TL;DR: The classic and new cyanobacterial biosignatures are reviewed and possible new calibration points for molecular clocks, and strategies to improve the understanding of the timing and pattern of the evolution of cyanobacteria and oxygenic photosynthesis are suggested.