Showing papers in "Fungal Biology in 1993"

TL;DR: Seven common methods of surface sterilization were compared for their effectiveness in isolating endophytes from herbaceous plants and shrubs growing in or near Brunswick, Germany and only one method proved to be ineffective.

TL;DR: Observations suggest that the alkaline phosphatase activity is induced by colonization of host roots and that this fungal enzyme could provide a useful marker for analyzing the symbiotic efficiency of arbuscular mycorrhizal infections.

TL;DR: Alkaloid production in the natural host grass-Acremonium associations proved a useful taxonomic criterion, with the profile of alkaloids being consistent in the host plants for all isolate within a single isozyme phenotype and for most isolates within a taxonomic grouping.

TL;DR: A number of saprotrophic fungi, particularly wood-decaying basidiomycetes, from mycelial cords, which are aggregations of predominantly parallel, longitudinally aligned hyphae, play a major role in ecosystems.

TL;DR: Recent studies on the homing responses (host location, substrate location) of zoosporic fungi are reviewed, with emphasis on the molecular signals that influence root-infecting Pythium and Phytophthora spp.

TL;DR: In a recent paper, Almeida (1989) wrote about the names and epithets used in the Endogonales sensu lato, commenting on their derivations, and providing a list of names he considered should be used in preference.

TL;DR: Genetic variation in Australian isolates of Rhizoctonia solani was analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay and fingerprint patterns were generated for each isolate, showing considerable variation in the fingerprint patterns between isolates.

TL;DR: The analysis of the banding patterns of amplification products derived from different fungal isolates defined a gradient in similarity that can lead to the development of specific probes for studying biodiversity in arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi.

TL;DR: The colonization of leaf litter by aquatic hyphomycetes was studied in a summer cool stream of the French Pyrenees and the successional pattern proved to be stable both within the period of leaf fall in one year and between two successive years.

TL;DR: Isolates of the CBD pathogen taken from across its range of distribution in Africa have common morphological, biochemical and pathogenic characteristics that distinguish them from other Colletotrichum isolates.

TL;DR: Differences in species composition, infection frequencies and fungal colonization were compared in asymptomatic leaves and culms of one annual and three perennial Juncus species in western Oregon to identify mechanisms of penetration and colonization corresponding to individual endophyte species in host tissue.

TL;DR: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to distinguish between the two species, and to detect the pathogens in DNA from infected leaf tissue, and southern hybridization analysis confirmed the fungal origin of these fragments.

TL;DR: Allelic diversities within populations were generally high compared to most fungi, indicating that founder effects and genetic drift have not caused an extreme loss of genetic variation in most R. secalis populations.

TL;DR: In shaken liquid culture on media containing sucrose and brewers' yeast or peptone, 5 isolates of Metarhizium flavoviride from acridoid hosts produced submerged sporogenous cells and spores morphologically indistinguishable from aerial phialides and conidia, suggesting that this was triggered when the nitrogen component was depleted.

TL;DR: A rapid and easy method was worked out to classify large numbers of field isolates of black aspergilli into one of the groups described using mtDNA patterns obtained by the double-digestion of total DNA samples with Hae III and Bgl II.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared eight Dutch strains and two Italian monoascospore strains of Botrytis cinerea using RAPD analysis and found that most of the RAPD markers tested segregated in a normal Mendelian ratio of 1:1.

TL;DR: A statistical model was developed to describe flower and berry infection as a function of wetness time and incubation temperature and found that the wetness requirement increased with increasing departure from the optimum temperature.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the raspberry isolates should be assigned to P. fragariae , but that they should be given a subspecific epithet at the varietal level to distinguish them from strawberry isolates of the species i.e. P. Fragariae var.

TL;DR: By RNAse protection experiments, multiple sites of initiation for the transcription of the endo polygalacturonase gene were demonstrated, from 33 to 45 nt downstream from the putative TATA box.

TL;DR: Analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphisms of isolates of the coffee berry disease pathogen in Africa confirmed the close genetic relationship of C. kahawae to the group species C. gloeosporioides.

TL;DR: Isolates of Phytophthora gonapodyides associated with roots of woody hosts or from aquatic habitats in Britain and North America were compared and gametangia were produced which were morphologically characteristic of these species.

TL;DR: Aerobic bacteria were isolated from fruit bodies of Cantharellus cibarius to study bacterial influence on growth and development of mycorrhizal and vegetative hyphae and it is suggested that growth of P. fluorescens in the immediate environment of the vegetative mycelium might be favoured by its higher pH and trehalose.

TL;DR: All isolates of S. thermophilum promoted growth of Agaricus bisporus mycelium, and the species is very variable in macroscopical and microscopical characters.

TL;DR: During a long-term project to create novel Acremonium-grass associations through inoculation of seedlings it was noted that the leaf sheaths of Lolium perenne plants inoculated with some isolates of A. coenophialum contained distorted hyphae lacking in cytoplasmic inclusions.

TL;DR: Genetic analysis of meiotic progeny of crosses between a sample of twenty mutants and reference strains showed that in most mutants resistance to CGA 173506 was caused by a single gene, which did not recombine during meiosis with the Daf1 gene responsible for resistance to dicarboximide fungicides.

TL;DR: The fractal geometry of foraging mycelial systems of Phanerochaete velutina and Hypholoma fasciculare, extending into soil from woody resource bases of varying nutrient status, was determined and the degree of structural heterogeneity and branching of systems was greater when the nutrient status of the resource base was high.

TL;DR: Fifty-five hardwood or conifer derived isolates of the heterothallic fungus Ophiostoma piceae from Europe and North America were separated into two inter-sterile mating groups, considered here to be distinct reproductively isolated sibling species.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the pre-invasion process of urediniospores involves passive and active phases of non-specific adhesion, and hydrophobic interactions contribute to adhesion at this stage.

TL;DR: Examples of how PCR techniques may be used to study the molecular genetics, life cycles, ecology and phylogeny of filamentous fungi are offered.

TL;DR: There was no RFLP that could be used diagnostically on a worldwide basis to identify isolates from avocado, banana or papaya, and isolates obtained from mango fruits in the eastern and western hemisphere had the same rDNA and very similar mtDNA restriction fragment-banding patterns.