Showing papers in "Fungal Biology in 2007"

TL;DR: A comprehensive phylogenetic classification of the kingdom Fungi is proposed, with reference to recent molecular phylogenetic analyses, and with input from diverse members of the fungal taxonomic community.

TL;DR: This article seeks to emphasize the fundamental importance of fungi in several key areas including organic and inorganic transformations and element cycling, rock and mineral transformations, bioweathering, mycogenic mineral formation, fungal-clay interactions, metal-fungal interactions, and the significance of such processes in the environment and their relevance to areas of environmental biotechnology such as bioremediation.

TL;DR: Non-cellulosic β-glucans are now recognized as potent immunological activators, and some are used clinically in China and Japan, where they are effective in treating diseases like cancer, a range of microbial infections, hypercholesterolaemia, and diabetes.

TL;DR: A phylogenetic classification for corticioid fungi at the family level is presented and three additional families not covered by the phylogenetic analyses are also included in the classification.

TL;DR: Bi-plot displays representing soil samples indicated that, irrespective of geographical location, absence of both fungal species was determined by alkaline sandy soils with low organic matter content, whereas heaviness of soil texture, acidity and increasing Organic matter content led to progressively higher percentages of samples harbouring entomopathogenic fungi.

TL;DR: The recovery of B. bassiana from sites distant from the point of inoculation indicates that the fungus has the potential to move throughout the plant.

TL;DR: The diversity of mycorrhizal fungi associated with an introduced weed-like South African orchid and a native West Australian orchid were compared by molecular identification of the fungi isolated from single pelotons, revealing both orchids were associated with fungi from diverse groups in the Rhizoctonia complex with worldwide distribution.

TL;DR: The use of symplesiomorphic traits to define Verrucaria, the largest and type genus for the Verrucariaceae, as well as the non monophyly of the genera Polyblastia, Staurothele and Thelidium, explain most of the discrepancies between the current classification based on morphological similarity and a classification usingmonophyly as a grouping criterion.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the influence of carbon concentration and C:N ratio on fungal growth and sporulation is strain dependent; therefore, consideration for the complexity of nutrient requirements is essential for improving yields of fungal biocontrol agents.

TL;DR: Identification of a new subpopulation of 15-AcDON producers revealed a molecular distinction between F. graminearum and F. asiaticum that produce 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, and this species originated from the warmer regions where the annual average temperatures were above 15 degrees C, based on the climate data of 30 y during 1970-1999.

TL;DR: Results of these analyses do not support previous classifications of Pyronemataceae, and suggest that morphological characters traditionally used to segregate the family into subfamilial groups are not phylogenetically informative above the genus level.

TL;DR: An overview of truffles (now considered to belong in the Pezizales, but formerly treated in the Tuberales) is presented, including a discussion on morphological and biological traits characterizing this form group.

TL;DR: A genus, Ambispora gen. nov., is erected based on morphological evidence and SSU and ITS region rDNA data and considered likely to belong in the Ambisporaceae, but is retained within its present genus because of inadequate morphological information and a lack of molecular data.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the two groups are separated into two distinct genera, Absidia for the mesophilic Absidia species resembling the Absidiaceae and Mycocladus for the thermotolerant species A. blakesleeana and A. hyalospora.

TL;DR: Recent studies focusing on resupinate forms suggest that there may still be undetected major clades of agaricomycetes, which could have a significant impact on estimates of the ancestral forms in this morphologically diverse group.

TL;DR: Phytophthora austrocedrae is a new species isolated from necrotic lesions of stem and roots of Austrocedrus chilensis, characterized by semipapillate sporangia, oogonia with amphigynous antheridia, and very slow growth.

TL;DR: A complex consisting of several genetically and morphologically distinguished taxa, including the already described Erysiphe alphitoides s.

TL;DR: Eupenicillium parvum was recorded for first time during isolation of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms from the tea rhizosphere and developed a phosphate solubilization zone on modified Pikovskaya agar, supplemented with tricalcium phosphate.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the lichen thallus is best interpreted as a novel phenotype with no exact homologue, and the critical position of lichens in developing an integrated approach to ascomycete evolution is emphasized.

TL;DR: Two Amanita species, A. strobiliformis and A. solitaria, are the first eukaryotic organisms known to hyperaccumulate silver (Ag), and silver concentrations in macrofungal fruit bodies were commonly 800-2500 times higher than in underlying soils.

TL;DR: A collection of 157 isolates of F. circinatum obtained from different geographical origins and hosts in northern Spain were identified and characterized by cultural and morphological features, PCR-RFLPs of the histone H3 gene, IGS region, and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene (TEF).

TL;DR: The results confirm the validity of basidiospore morphology as a phylogenetic marker in the agarics and hypothesize that this specific combination of characters represents an evolutionary advantage by increasing the tolerance of the basidiaospores to dehydration and solar radiation and so opened up new ecological niches, e.g. the colonization of dung substrates.

TL;DR: Differences in the expression of MpNEP1 and 2 indicate that similar NEPs can have distinct physical characteristics and suggest possible complementary roles during the disease development for both proteins.

TL;DR: Investigation of the role of surface lipids and waxes in pre-penetration growth of the specific locust pathogen Metarhizium anisopliae var.

TL;DR: This work presents phylogenetic analyses based on sequence data from the translation elongation factor 1alpha gene for over 60 species in the family Pucciniaceae and investigates evolutionary relationships between Puccinia and Uromyces.

TL;DR: To verify the mushroom strains using RAPD, DNA fragments were amplified from the total cellular DNA of 24 mushroom strains with 18 different random primers, yielding 538 distinct DNA fragments ranging from 200-4000bp.

TL;DR: Pyricularia isolates from various host plants were subjected to a multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on rDNA-ITS, actin, beta-tubulin, and calmodulin loci, suggesting that they are monophyletic groups supported concordantly by all four loci.

TL;DR: The results indicate that water dispersal is the most likely means of dissemination of conidia of the Neotyphodium sp.

TL;DR: Six out of 13 OTUs were found to be distributed in the Mediterranean but not in neighbouring areas of temperate Europe suggesting that Geosmithia spp.

TL;DR: It is shown that guest filamentous fungi are also associated to truffle ascomata, regardless of the Tuber spp.