Showing papers in "Fusion Engineering and Design in 2021"

TL;DR: An overview of the DTT scientific proposal, which is deeply illustrated in the 2019 DTT Interim Design Report, is provided, based on the invited plenary talk at the 31st virtual SOFT Conference 2020.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the main results of the first two years of SPIDER operation, including investigation of RF-plasma coupling efficiency and magnetic filter field effectiveness in reducing co-extracted electrons.

TL;DR: The COMPASS Upgrade is a new medium size, high magnetic field tokamak (R = 0.9 m, Bt = 5 T, Ip = 2 MA) currently under design in the Czech Republic as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: This paper summarizes the main alternatives outlined at the end of DEMO pre-conceptual design phase for the BoP concepts based on both the Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed (HCPB) and Water- Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) Breeding Blanket (BB) technologies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the design of the Langmuir probes for the lower divertor of the WEST tokamak is presented, in which uncooled, tungsten-coated graphite targets were installed for the first phase of operation in anticipation of full-tungsten, actively cooled, ITER-like divertor components.

TL;DR: In this article, the flat-type W/Cu/CuCrZr mock-ups were fabricated using hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and optimized brazing techniques.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the development and first use of a set of movable electrostatic probes on the full-scale ITER heating neutral beam prototype negative-ion source SPIDER.

TL;DR: This paper is the result of the experience gained within the first two years of SPIDER operation, with the focus on the Ion Source and Extraction Power Supply (ISEPS) system.

TL;DR: In this article, high-current-density superconductors (HTS) have been used to reduce the size of a fusion device, beneficial for compact tokamaks, due to their space constraints.

TL;DR: The Consistent Automatic Kinetic Equilibrium reconstruction tool (CAKE) has been developed and implemented at DIII-D for producing low error, kinetically constrained reconstructions without human intervention, and to identify strategies for doing so that would be broadly applicable.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the experiments aimed at identifying the problem and the design process for a new layout of bus-bars capable of creating an optimized magnetic field topology within the RF driver, while keeping it almost unchanged in other regions where the required performances were already achieved.

TL;DR: During the experimentation in SPIDER, the operation of the RF generators is affected by the magnetic coupling among the RF circuits on board the source, and breakdowns are observed on the source backside while powering the RF circuit and common mode RF currents flow through the diagnostics and dc power circuits.

TL;DR: In this paper, a holistic investigation of integration issues derived by the BB and the installation of its ancillary systems has been performed, providing guidelines and dedicated solution for the integration of safety devices as isolation valves.

TL;DR: In this paper, three coating technologies were selected in the frame of the EUROfusion project: electrochemical ECX (chemical deposition) process, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) coating, and optimized in order to satisfy the design requirements of good mechanical compatibility with steels, strong adhesion, corrosion compatibility in PbLi at relevant BB design conditions and a Permeation Reduction Factor at least of 200 under neutron irradiation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the microstructure and corrosion resistance of FeCrCuTiV high entropy alloy prepared by vacuum arc melting and laser melting deposition were studied, and it was found that both of them are composed of the FCC Cu-rich phase, BCC Fe-rich and BCC V-rich phases.

TL;DR: In this article, a new plasma facing component (PFC) design, containing monoblock-type armor and a hypervapotron cooling channel, is proposed in order to avoid the cascade failure caused by the interlayer melting.

TL;DR: The sequence of ITER operation from First Plasma (FP) to the achievement of the Q = 10 project goal has been consolidated in a Staged Approach, with all systems to be installed before the start of full fusion power operation in 2035.

TL;DR: Li2TiO3-Li4SiO4 biphasic ceramic is considered as an advanced tritium breeder material for its potential to combine the advantages of both Li2Ti3 and Li4 SiO4 as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: Critical issues arising in the practice of the design-by-analysis approach are discussed and those modelling issues which may have a substantial impact on the assessment of structural integrity and lifetime against major failure modes are highlighted.

TL;DR: The SPIDER ion source has been designed to generate a current of H- ions up to 60 A and accelerate them up to 100 keV, and the ratio between the co-extracted electrons and negative ions has to be below 1, and a beam inhomogeneity within 10 % has been attained as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: This report summarizes the status of several R&D tasks devoted to characterization of the basic behavior and definition of some features of the RF discharge mirror cleaning systems for ITER spectroscopy diagnostics.

TL;DR: An overview of the methodology adopted within the EUROfusion framework covering the Pre-Concept Design Phase (2014-2020) can be found in this paper, where the focus was placed upon an integrated design approach based on systems engineering, providing a clear direction for urgent technology R&D and addressing the key design integration issues by assessing the critical systems interdependencies and uncertainties of certain design assumptions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a monoclinic Gd2O3 was used to evaluate the possible proton conductivity in Ar ( σ Ar ), Ar+4% H2 (ρ 2 O 2 ) atmospheres in the temperature range from 500°C to 1000°C, to understand its possible application in the DT fuel system of a nuclear fusion reactor.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors review and summarize features of 2D and 3D magnetohydrodynamic flows that are typical in liquid metal blankets, together with available correlations for MHD pressure losses, and provide simple design MHD guidelines that support a preliminary estimate of MHD effects in a blanket concept, in terms of pressure drop and flow distribution.

TL;DR: A new laboratory-scale linear plasma device, PSIEC (Plasma-Surface Interaction system under Extreme Conditions), has been designed and constructed at Hefei University of Technology, China, to study plasma-material interactions for fusion reactor application as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the structural, mechanical, electronic properties and Debye temperature of W-Re alloys have been investigated by the first principles method based on density functional theory, and the configurations studied are W15Re1, W14Re2, W12Re4 and W8Re8 alloys, respectively, and compared with pure tungsten metal.

TL;DR: In this paper, cold rolled tungsten is irradiated at the Belgian BR2 fission reactor at the temperatures 600, 800, 900 and 1200 °C to a dose of 0.18 displacements per atom (dpa).

TL;DR: In this article, the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) welded joint of ferritic/martensitic (F/M) P91 and austenitic SS304L steel was investigated in as-welded and postweld heat treatment (PWHT) conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the porosity and temperature-dependent thermal conductivities of Li2TiO3 were calculated with newly obtained coefficients and discussed in this paper, the best-fitted model was evaluated.

TL;DR: In this article, a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) analysis of the first wall and toroidal limiter of the Frascati Tokamak Upgrade (FTU) was performed by using a compact LIBS system mounted on a robotic arm.