Showing papers in "Gastroenterology in 1992"

TL;DR: The nature and basis of nonresponsive celiac sprue require more thoughtful initiatives to elucidate the immunologic mechanism(s) of unresponsiveness and evaluate possible means of reversal.

TL;DR: Dyspepsia is very common in the community and the majority have ulcerlike symptoms, but there is such overlap among the dyspepsian subgroups that a classification based on symptoms alone in uninvestigated patients may not be useful.

TL;DR: The cirrhotic group of CLD patients showed higher serum levels in IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and CRP than did noncirrhotic cases, and these differences reached the level of statistical significance, suggesting that enhanced endogenous cytokine levels represent a consequence of liver dysfunction rather than of inflammatory disease.

TL;DR: The view that butyrate deficiency may play a role in the pathogenesis of distal ulcerative colitis and thatbutyrate irrigation ameliorates this condition is supported.

TL;DR: Examination of subgroups indicated that endoscopic treatment decreased rates of further bleeding, surgery, and mortality in patients with high-risk endoscopic features of active bleeding or nonbleeding visible vessels, including ulcers containing flat pigmented spots or adherent clots.

TL;DR: A model is proposed in which luminal H. pylori secrete substances that mediate inflammation that is beneficial to the organism but ultimately deleterious for the host; in addition to tissue damage, inflammation also affects gastric secretory function.

TL;DR: The apparent decrease in prevalence of H. pylori accompanying the Westernization of Japan may eventually be accompanied by a reduction in the frequency of atrophic gastritis, the precursor lesion of the epidemic form of gastric carcinoma, and ultimately result in a decrease in the incidence of gastRIC carcinoma in Japan.

TL;DR: It is concluded that young patients are poor candidates for pneumatic dilation, that treatment should be aimed at near complete inflation of the dilating bag, and that postdilation sphincter pressure may guide further treatment.

TL;DR: Several parameters, including total duration of oropharyngeal swallowing, were significantly longer in the oldest age group than in any other age group, and females had a longer duration of upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening.

TL;DR: It is concluded that triple therapy is effective for eradication of H. pylori and that future studies need to take compliance into account for comparisons between regimens.

TL;DR: It is concluded that complaints consistent with functional gastrointestinal disorders are common in the elderly, but symptoms are a poor predictor of presentation for medical care.

TL;DR: It was concluded that more frequent and extensive colonoscopic surveillance of this minority subset of high risk patients and less frequent surveillance in the remaining majority may reduce cost and detect more curable lesions.

TL;DR: Recent evidence indicates that no functions as a mediator, a messenger, or a regulator of cell function in a number of physiological systems and pathophysiological states and speculates on potential clinical implications.

TL;DR: Endoscopic ultrasonography is the most effective single imaging procedure for local tumor staging in pancreatic and ampullary cancer and will improve the assessment of tumor resectability and further decrease the need for explorative laparotomy.

TL;DR: Although HCV infection recurs posttransplant in almost all infected patients, acquisition of theHCV infection with transplant is common, and although many patients with postTransplant viremia have little evidence of histologic hepatitis, significant hepatic damage may occur.

TL;DR: Primary gastrointestinal tract NHLs may represent an entity with respect to characteristic histological features, focal tumor growth, and potential cure by radical resection.

TL;DR: It is concluded that with an active approach to medical and surgical treatment, as practiced here, patients whose colons are left intact bear no significantly increased risk of colorectal malignancy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the incidence rate of upper gastrointestinal cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis in The Johns Hopkins Registry was compared with the rate of the general population through person-year analysis with adjustment for demographics.

TL;DR: The development of Barrett's esophagus was studied using data from 51,311 patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 1976 and 1989 and the data are consistent with a fairly rapid evolution to its full length with little subsequent change.

TL;DR: Meta-analysis of 11 studies in which daily fecal weight was measured accurately in 26 groups of people on controlled diets of known NSP content shows a significant correlation between fiber intake and mean daily stool weight (r = 0.84).

TL;DR: Nine of 13 patients who showed aneuploid or increased G2/tetraploid populations in their initial flow-cytometric analysis developed high-grade dysplasia or adenocarcinoma during follow-up, but none of the 49 patients without these abnormalities progressed to high- grade dysplia or cancer.

TL;DR: It is concluded that liver transplantation should be considered for patients with decompensated HBsAg-positive hepatitis B surface antigen-positive liver cirrhosis and antiviral therapy for Patients with HBeAg- positive compensated cirrhotic disease.

TL;DR: In patients with chronic hepatitis in whom hereditary hemochromatosis is suspected, a liver biopsy should be performed with quantitation of hepatic iron and calculation of the hepaticIron index to confirm the diagnosis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that IBS is prevalent at all ages, especially in women, that it is nearly always painful, and that people with multiple symptoms are more likely to consult a physician.

TL;DR: In this paper, profiles of cytokines produced by activated macrophages were studied in colonic tissue from 43 patients with and without inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using polymerase chain reaction assay techniques.

TL;DR: It is suggested that neutrophil-derived oxidants (superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorite) are generated in colorectal mucosa in active inflammatory bowel disease and support the hypothesis that production of such metabolites by neutrophils is of major pathogenetic importance.

TL;DR: People who seroconverted in the interval between the two serum samples were more likely than either persistent nonreactors [relative risk (RR), 4.1] or persistent reactors (RR, 3.7) to have experienced upper gastrointestinal symptoms in the intervals years, and consumption of caffeinated beverages and residence in the northeastern United States seemed to increase risk for infection.

TL;DR: The results show that selective intestinal decontamination with norfloxacin is useful in preventing bacterial infections in cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

TL;DR: The literature is reviewed using models of intestinal food hypers sensitivity, as well as human studies, that have contributed to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms in gastrointestinal food hypersensitivity.

TL;DR: It is concluded that Zenker's diverticulum is a disorder of diminished upper esophageal sphincter opening that is not caused by pharyngosphincteric incoordination or failed spHincter relaxation and is likely to cause dysphagia.