Showing papers in "Guizhou Science in 2000"

Application and mechanism of silicate bacteria in agriculture and industry

Abstract: Silicate bacteria may have wide potential uses in agriculture and industry. This is a special Bacillus species which produce a rich variety of exo polysaccharides. People have used its capability of dissolving potassium, phosphorus and silicate from minerals through its inclusion in biological fertilizer and have made meaningful progress in this area. It seems that ways may exist to provide the release of significant amounts of potassium or other beneficial elements from soil minerals. In metallurgy, silicate bacteria have been used in the exploitation of low grade ore to aid in the recovery of some valuable elements. The industrial application of silicate bacteria has been mainly concentrated on bacterial leaching and improvement of mineral material properties. In this paper, the writers emphasize that problems such as determining the mechanism by which silicate bacteria release K, Al, and Si will require at least the combination of mineralogy, and microbiology for elucidation. Microbiological mineralogy development can be adapted for this kind of question and can be developed into a fully integrated approach for other similar studies.

Study on chemical constituents of hawk-tea and sandy-tea

Abstract: The chemical constituents of hawk tea and sandy tea in Guizhou province had been studied. The composition of fatty acid, the content of nineteen kinds of amino acids and several minerals and trace elements had been deterniuned by GC, HPLC and atomic absorption spectrophotometry, respectively. The general nutritional constituents were determined by classical chemical methods. The above results were compared with those of several Guizhou famous and good quality green tea. The research results show that many chemical constituents of hawk tea and sandy tea are equivalent to those of reference famous and good quality green tea. Nevertheless, they have their own characters.

Atmospheric mercury deposition in Guizhou of China

Abstract: The atmospheric deposition of mercury was investigated including total gas phase mercury(TGM), gas phase divalent mercury (Hg 2+ ),and gas phase monomethyl mercury (MMHg) .Samples were collected from central cities and nature reserve areas across the province.Techniques and equipment including mossbag,KCl coated denuder and GARDIS 1A portable mercury vapor analyzer were employed for sample collection and analysis.The reliability of techniques and analytical methods used for the project was evaluated.The deposition of atmospheric mercury was reported in species in this important mercury polluted province for the first time.The spatial and temporal variability of mercury emissions were investigated and reported.Contribution of coal mercury emissions to the atmosphere mercury deposition of the province was also investigated.

The natural resources of macrofungi and their use in Guizhou, China

Abstract: An investigation on macrofungi was completed in 1980 and 1998 in following natural reserve areas like Fanjing Mountains, Leigong Mountains, Maolan, Dashahe, Fudingsan, etc. and 48 counties in Guizhou province. More than 4000 specimen of macrofungi species were collected. The total number of species enumerated was 789 species, which were 710 Basidiomycotinaed and 79 Ascomycotina. Six new species induded Ganoderma cehengense Wu, Ganoderma cupreopodium Wu et Zhang, and Oudermansiella fanjingsharensis Zang et Wu, Sinoboletus guizhouensis Zang et Wu. 23 were new records in China and 368 new records in Guizhou. These species could be sorted out into 186 medicinal, 243 edible, 67 poisonous.

The opinion about research of phytochemistry and natural new drugs

Abstract: On the basis of the main developing trends,this paper discusses the role of phytochemistry(natural product chemistry)in developing natural new drugs,and puts forward some suggestions for research and development of bioactive natural chemicals,natural new drugs and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in China.

The method for simulating life system by using cellular automata model

Abstract: In this article, the essential concept of cellular automata (CA) was introduced and the methods of building a CA model was showed. As an applied example in the article, a CA model was built, which can be used for simulating the effect of initial configurations and competition relationships on final distribution patterns of population in homogeneous environment. By simulating, we found that the results supported the hypothesis that there are considerable effects of initial configuration on final distribution patern of population.

Investigation on the plant resources of Caesalpinia L.in China

Abstract: Based on field investigation and specimen consultation,the plant species of Caesalpinia, geographical distribution and medicinal uses have been proved,which Provids scientific basis for further study of the development and utilization of the plant Caesalpinia in China.

Effect of fertilizer on foliar nutrient content in natural secondary masson pine

Abstract: This paper deals with foliar nutrient content in fixed-position of the plots of natural secondary Masson pine after fertilization The results are as follows:Fertilizer significantly increased or decreased foliar nutrient contents Among these fertilizers, urea significantly increased the content of foliar N,and Mg Calcium phosphate increased foliar P,Ca,and Mg Potassium sulfate increased foliar K but decreased foliar Mg The better effects came from the treatments of using more N2,P2 and K2

The method for simulating life system by using cellular automata model

Abstract: In this article, the essential concept of cellular automata (CA) was introduced and the methods of building a CA model was showed. As an applied example in the article, a CA model was built, which can be used for simulating the effect of initial configurations and competition relationships on final distribution patterns of population in homogeneous environment. By simulating, we found that the results supported the hypothesis that there are considerable effects of initial configuration on final distribution pattern of population.

Resources and diversity of bambusicolous fungi in China

Abstract: The authors reviewed bambusicolous fungi based on literature study Research history, biodiversity, lifestyle, geographical distribution, host specificity, tissue specificity and succession of bambusicolous fungi were reviewed To date 189 species in 75 genera of bamboo fungi from China and 79 bambusicoous species fungi in 58 genera from Hong Kong have been reported Most of them are ascomycetes, followed by basidiomycetes and then hyphomycetes The family Pucciniaceae (rust fungi) has the richest species diversity (20 species), followed by the Phyllachoraceae with 15 species, Xylariaceae with 9 species and Capnodiaceae with 8 species

Earthworms and environmental protection

Abstract: As a main group of animals in the soil, the earthworms play important functions in ecosystem. They contribute to the complex processes of decomposition, to the degradation of plant debris and to the mineralization of organic materials. They mix the soil, improve soil aeration, drainage and moisture holding capacity and help to maintain soil structure. These functions link up with their biomass and ecological categories: epigeic, endogeic and anecic. By exploiting these functions, we can consciously use suitable earthworms for the purpose of environmental protection. They are good bioindicators of soil environment, for which the ecotoxicological test by using earthworms both in laboratory and in field are set up for the evaluation of chemical contaminants in the soil. They can considerably accelerate the decomposition of organic materials by the synergy with microorganism.A new technology of vermicomposition is developed for the treatment of organic waste. It seems that another new technology by using earthworms for the treatment of urban sewage, vermifiltration, is developing,which will have a wider application. The author gives a general presentation for the earthworms and a general review for their applications in environmental protection in this paper. The author also indicates the importance of protection of soil biodiversity for the environmental protection.