Showing papers in "Guizhou Science in 2001"

Relationship of the tropical elements of the bryophytes between Hengduan Mts, Southwest China and Taiwan province, Southeast China

Abstract: This is the first paper concerning the topic of the relationship of the tropical bryological elements between Hengduan Mts and Taiwan province. Except the common large tropical families of liverworts and mosses, 18 species of the bryophytes belonging to 14 families, 17 genera of bryophytes, in which 13 species are the classical tropical Asian ones, were found only in Hengduan Mts and Taiwan province in China. This phenomenon shows that it is mainly caused by the disappearance of the tropical bryophytes in the vast regions between Hengduan Mts and Taiwan province. As well, Taiwan Island isolated from mainland Asia due to the Taiwan Strait submerged after Tertiary, however the bryoflora of Taiwan is not changed seriously following their long geohistorical connection. The above tropical elements of the bryophytes in Hengduan Mts and Taiwan Island may prove this point of view, that Taiwan is still a continental island.

Characteristic analysis of Sphagnum palustre bog in Dajiuhu, Mt. Shennongjia

Abstract: On the basis of the on-the-spot investigation, this paper describes the vegetation composition, community characteristics and development tendency of Sphagnum palustre bog situated at a basin of Dajiuhu in Shennongjia, Hubei. The investigation results show:(1) the Sphagnum palustre bog has herb layer in which Juncus canciuns is the dominant species and moss layer in which Sphagnum palustre is the key species. Comparing to the investigation result in 1980s, the bog has more plant species and more nutrition-rich plant and the area of the bog decreases and Polytrichum commune hills appeared in the bog. The bog is degenerating from nutrition-poor bog to nutrition-medium bog or nutrition-rich bog.

Chromosome observation on 4 species of bryophytes in China

Abstract: The chromosome numbers of mitotic metaphase are given for 4 species of bryophytes from China.(1)Lepidozia reptans (L.) Dum.(n=9);(2)Apometzgeria pubescens (Schrank.) Kuwah.var. kinabaluensis Kuwah.(n=9);(3) Rhodobryum roseum (Hedw.) Limpr.(n=10);(4)Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (n=7, n=14).

The flora of Yunnan Frullaniaceae(Hepaticae)

Abstract: According to the present study, the flora of Yunnan Frullaniaceae contains 2 genera, 59 species, 3 subspecies, 8 varieties, and 2 forms. Among them, 4 species are new to China including: F. eymae Hatt., F. rhytidantha Hatt., F. retusa var. hirsuta Hatt. et Thaith. and F. appendistipula Hatt., and 2 species: F. inouei Hatt., F. berthoumieui Steph. are new to mainland of China. As well, 13 species are newly distributed to Yunnan and 2 species: F. gaoligongensis Bai et Gao, F. laeviperiantha Bai et Gao are new to science which were published separately. The main phytogeographical elements of the Frullaniaceae of Yunnan consist of 18 species of Tropical Asian ones, 13 species of East Asian ones and 24 species endemic to China (including 6 endemic to Yunnan). In addition, a few Temperate Asian elements, North Temperate elements, Pantropic and Palaeotropic elements have been found too. All the above specimens are deposited in the Herbaria of the Kunming Institute of Botany, Yunnan, and the Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, Liaoning, Academia Sinica.

Bryoflora of mt. Wutong, Shenzhen city, South China

Abstract: After identified four hundred specimens of bryophytes collected in Mt. Wutong, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, a preliminary list of 42 families, 62 genera and 86 species of bryophytes are included. Floristically the bryoflora of Mt. Wutong is mainly belonged to the southern subtropical type, although some species are classical tropical Asian elements.

Systematic position of Takakia Hatt. et Inoue

Abstract: Takakia lepidozioides was published originally by Hattori and Inoue. Since that time, many papers dealing with taxonomy, morphology and phytogeography of Takakia have been published. This article contains a history of Takakia and its detail morphological characters. Considering Takakia's gametophyte and sporophyte morphology, cytological chromosome and molecular data and the other characters, we suggest to confirm a new class Takakiopsida isolated from Musci or Hepaticae.

Distribution of Chinese Entodon (Entodontaceae, Musci)

Abstract: This paper deals with the distribution of the genus Entodon in China. We found that most Entodon species in China are concentrated in southern China especially in Yunnan province. Among them, some species extend to East China, and also to Japan and Korea. The distribution region of the subgenera Entodon and Erythropus are different in China. The former one occurs widely in South China and the subgenus Erythropus is widely in whole China.

Some progress in molecular biology of bryophytes

Abstract: This paper reviewed recent break throgh in molecular biology of bryophytes. Until 1995, there was no DNA sequence data entrying into bryophyte systematics, however, in 1999, around 1000 sequences, representing may be 250 taxa, were generated on analyzed for the phylogenetic signal they carry. For the study of molecular genetics Physcomitrella patens, Funaria hygrometrica, Ceratodon purpureus, and Tortula ruralis have been developing as powerful experimental tools. The techniques of expressed sequence tags, (ESTs) and the expression of foreign genes have been successs fully used in these tools. Homologous recombination is a well-established tool in both yeast and murine cells that until recently was unknown in any plant model system. In 1997, Schaefer and Zryd proved that the ability to perform efficient homologous recombination in Physcomitrella patens is at present unique amongst all plants and represents a powerful technique for the functional analysis of plant genes.

A study on the mosses of landform of Danxia in Guizhou, China

Abstract: This study was based on 530 specimens collected by the author in the region of Danxia landform in Chishui, Xhishui county of Guizhou province, China. There are 131 species and subspecies of mosses belonging to 68 genera and 31 families in this region. In this paper, the characteristics and relationships of moss flora between the district of Danxia landform of north in Guizhou province and other regions of this province were discussed. The identification result shows that the Holarctis elements are the most important ones (44.27%) and the Palaeotropis and its common elements (35.11%) are also abundant there. The phytogeography of moss flora is different with that of seed plant flora and is related to the elements of climate, temperature and humidity.

Electrophoresis analysis of LDH isozyme patterns of two Pseudohynobius species from Guizhou

Abstract: LDH isozyme patterns of Pseudohynobius flavomaculalus and P shuichengensis were examined by means of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on vertical slab The results showed that LDH of two Pseudohynobius species was five bands patterns, but there obvious race differences in the composition of sub bands, rate of flow of LDH between the two species

Deliberation on some bryophyte terms

Abstract: Since 1930s', the terms of the bryophytes had been noticed and translated into Chinese, and the special books for the bryological terms and names in Chinese were published too. However, several terms for the hepaticae were not correctly used in the Chinese monographies. In this paper, we review several common terms for liverworts, and try to explain them perfectly.

Study on spore morphology of Brachytheciaceae (Musci) in China

Abstract: Spore morphology of 10 genera and 17 species of the moss family Brachytheciaceae was observed under light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The spores are globose or ellipsoid, atreme. The surface ornamentations can be divided into four types: Type I, granulate (8 species); Type II, verrucate (4 species); Type III, tuberculate (4 species); Type IV, rugulate. Among them, only 1 species belongs to the last one and its systematic position needs to be further studied. From the point view of palynology, the former three types are similar in morphology and evolution, thus it may be confirmed that the family Brachytheciaceae is a natural taxon.

The application of bryophytes in plant prevention

Abstract: As many plants, bryophytes depend on secondary plant metabolites for protection from mernicious organisms. Most effective secondary compounds fall into one of sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, biflavonoids, bibenzyls, bis-benzyls and fatty acids. The compounds show the antibacterial activity and antifungal acitvity included preny bibenzyls, Marchantin A from Marchantia, some phenolic sesquiterpenoids, three dolebellane diterpenoids from Odontoschisma, a-santonia, tridensenal from Bazzania, and perrottetinal A, B. The concentration of lunularic acid in many liverworts may suffice to prevent fungal attack almost completely. Polyphenolic compounds and biflavonoids of mosses has been suggested cause resistant to fungal infection and deter browsing insects. Plagiochiline A, is very strong antifeedant, the others include pinguisone, sacculatal, eudesmanolides, and gymnocolin. Cuparenolide, cuperanolidol, ricciocapin and lunularic acid showed the molluscicidal activity. And a series of natural compounds from bryophytes has show the plant grow regulatory activity.

Chromosome numbers of 8 species of mosses from Northeast China

Abstract: In this paper the chromosome numbers of 8 species are reported. The results are as follows: Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt., n=5; Hyolcomium splendens (Hedw.) B.S.G., n=11; Thuidium recognitum (Hdew.) Lindb., n=11; T. assimile (Mitt.) Jaeg, n=11; Tetraphis pellucida Hedw., n=8; Plagiomnium maximoviczii (Lindb.) Kop., n=6;P. cuspidatum (Hedw.) Kop., n=12; Mnium marginatum (With.) Beauv., n=6. The chromosome number of Thuidium assimile is reported for the first time and Pleurozium schreberi, Hylocomium splendens , Thuidium recognitum, Tetraphis pellucida are reported for the first time in China.

Karyological study on Marchantia polymorpha L. from China

Abstract: Chromosome number and karyotype of the Marchantia polymorpha L. were reported in this paper. The karyotype formula of male gametophyte of M. polymorpha was K(n)=9=Y+7m+t or K(n)=9=Y+7V+m. The chromosome composition of relativ length is n=9=2L+2M 2+4M 1+S and its karyotype belongs to "2A" of stebbins karyotype symmetry. The total length of the chromosome is 16.993μm. The karyotype formula of female gametophyte of M. polymorpha is K(n)=9=X+7m+t or K(n)=9=X+7V+m. The chromosome composition of relative length is n=9=L+5M 2+2M 1+S, which belongs to "2A"of stebbins karyotype symmetry. The total length of the chromosome is 12.531μm.

Numerical Taxonomy of Chinese Amblystegiaceae

Abstract: Based on morphology and taxonomy study, more than three thousands Amblystegiaceae specimens, including 49 types, from 21 Chinese or aboard herbaria, numerical taxonomy relations of the genera and species of Chinese Amblystegiaceae were studied by cluster analysis. The results of cluster analysis support some suggestions on concepts and positions of some genera and species in Amblystegiaceae, that Campylium and Hygrohypnum do not appear as monophyletic groups. Amblystegium, Hygroamblystegium, and Leptodictyum should be put together in the genus Amblystegium, and Drepanocladus trichophyllus is placed in Warnstorfia.