Highway Research Board bulletin 

About: Highway Research Board bulletin is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Poison control & Soil stabilization. It has an ISSN identifier of 0073-2206. Over the lifetime, 1017 publications have been published receiving 7764 citations.

The Pavement Serviceability-Performance Concept

Abstract: A system is described wherein the serviceability of pavements is rated subjectively by a panel made up of men selected to represent many important groups of highway users. Through multiple regression analysis a mathematical index is derived and validated through which pavement ratings can be satisfactorily estimated from objective measurements taken on the pavements. These serviceability indices (or the direct ratings) always refer to the conditions existing at the time the measurements (or ratings) are made. Performance of a pavement may then be determined by summarizing the serviceability record over a period of time. The system, developed at the AASHO Road Test, has potential for wide application in the highway field, particularly in sufficiency rating, evaluation of design systems, and evaluation of paving materials and construction techniques through the provision of an objective means for evaluation of performance.

Reaction of hydrated lime with pure clay minerals in soil stabilization

Abstract: THE USE OF HYDRATED LIME HAS BEEN GROWING IN THE FIELD OF SOIL STABILIZATION ALTHOUGH IT HAS BEEN USED FROM COAST TO COAST IN THE UNITED STATES AND BY SOME NATIONS ABROAD, THE REACTION OF HYDRATED LIME WITH THE SOIL IS STILL A MYSTERY, PARTICULARLY WITH RESPECT TO ITS RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS AND RATES OF REACTION WITH VARIOUS SOILS A RESEARCH PROJECT TO DETERMINE THE REACTION OF HYDRATED LIME AND SOIL IS UNDER WAY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS BECAUSE OF THE COMPLEXITY OF SOILS AND BECAUSE LIME IS OF GREATER BENEFIT TO A HEAVY CLAY SOIL, THE FIRST PART OF THE INVESTIGATION HAS BEEN DEVOTED TO A STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF HYDRATED LIME ON PURE CLAY MINERALS BY THE AID OF X-RAY DIFFRACTION AND DIFFERENTIAL THERMAL ANALYSIS, IT HAS BEEN POSSIBLE TO WATCH AND IDENTIFY THE REACTIONS WHICH TAKE PLACE THE FIRST REACTION, WHICH IS BROUGHT ABOUT IMMEDIATELY WHEN LIME IS ADDED, IS REPLACEMENT OF ABSORBED IONS BY CALCIUM IONS, THE SECOND, FORMATION OF A SERIES OF NEW MINERALS, THE THIRD, CARBONATION OF THE HYDRATED LIME THESE REACTIONS, ILLUSTRATED BY TYPICAL X-RAY EXAMPLES, OFFER DEFINITE PROOF AS TO WHY DIFFERENT RATES OF REACTION OCCUR WITH DIFFERENT SOILS /AUTHOR/

Calculation of maximum pavement temperatures from weather reports

Abstract: PAVEMENT TEMPERATURES ARE OF INTEREST IN CONNECTION WITH STABILIZATION OF BITUMINOUS SURFACES, CURING AND CURLING OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE, AND MOISTURE MOVEMENTS IN ANY TYPE OF PAVEMENT. THIS PAPER PRESENTS A RELATION BETWEEN PAVEMENT TEMPERATURE AND WIND, PRECIPITATION, AIR TEMPERATURE, AND SOLAR RADIATION, AS CONTROLLED BY THE THERMAL PROPERTIES OF THE PAVEMENTS. /AUTHOR/

Studies of 'salt' scaling of concrete

Abstract: THE SERVICE RECORD OF AIR-ENTRAINED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS EXPOSED TO DE-ICING SALTS IS EXCELLENT. HOWEVER, THE MECHANISM BY WHICH DE-ICERS CAUSE OR ACCELERATE SURFACE SCALING OF NON-AIR-ENTRAINED CONCRETE IS UNKNOWN. FURTHERMORE, THERE IS AN INCOMPLETE UNDERSTANDING OF WHY ENTRAINED AIR IS BENEFICIAL IN THIS REGARD. ALTHOUGH FIELD EXPERIENCE INDICATES THAT AIR ENTRAINMENT IS A PRACTICAL REMEDY FOR SURFACE SCALING, SOME LABORATORY TESTS INDICATE THAT UNDER CERTAIN EXTREMELY SEVERE CONDITIONS ENTRAINED AIR DOES NOT GIVE COMPLETE PROTECTION. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY IS TO PROVIDE MORE INFORMATION ON THE EFFECT OF TYPE AND CONCENTRATION OF DE-ICER, CURING CONDITION OF CONCRETE, AIR ENTRAINMENT, AND OTHER VARIABLES ON THE SURFACE SCALING OF CONCRETE. THIS INFORMATION SHOULD LEAD TO A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF THE EFFECT OF THESE VARIATIONS AND SHOULD BE OF ASSISTANCE IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FURTHER REMEDIAL MEASURES. /AUTHOR/

Lime fixation in clayey soils

Abstract: PREVIOUS WORK IN STABILIZATION OF CLAYEY SOILS WITH LIME HAS SHOWN THAT SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIME CONSIDERABLY IMPROVE WORKABILITY BUT CONTRIBUTE LITTLE TO STRENGTH, WHEREAS LARGER AMOUNTS OF LIME ALSO IMPROVE THE STRENGTH AND BEARING CAPACITIES OF THESE SOILS. THIS SUGGESTS THE POSSIBILITY THAT LIME ADDED TO SOIL MUST FIRST SATISFY AN AFFINITY OF THE SOIL FOR LIME, AN AFFINITY REFERRED TO AS LIME FIXATION. IN SOME CLAYEY SOILS THE ADDITION OF FLYASH WITH THE LIME CAUSED AN EVEN MORE SIGNIFICANT GAIN IN STRENGTH. THE RESEARCH DESCRIBED IN THIS PAPER WAS UNDERTAKEN TO DETERMINE WHETHER LIME FIXATION DOES OCCUR, AND IF SO, TO DETERMINE THE MECHANISMS INVOLVED AND THE AMOUNT OF LIME UTILIZED. SAMPLES OF SIX NATURAL CLAYEY SOILS WERE MIXED WITH VARYING AMOUNTS OF LIME (0 TO 12 PERCENT), CURED TWO DAYS AT 100 PERCENT HUMIDITY AND 70 F TEMPERATURE, AND SUBJECTED TO ATTERBERG LIMITS TESTS. SIMILAR MIXES WERE COMPACTED AT OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT TO STANDARD PROCTOR DENSITY AND TESTED IN UNCONFINED COMPRESSION AFTER 7 AND 28 DAYS MOIST CURING. CURVES OF LIME CONTENT VS. ATTERBERG LIMITS AND LIME CONTENT VS. UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH INDICATE THAT WHEN THE PLASTIC LIMIT INCREASES, WITH SMALL AMOUNTS OF LIME, THE STRENGTH REMAINS RELATIVELY CONSTANT, WHEREAS WITH LARGER AMOUNTS OF LIME THE PLASTIC LIMIT REMAINS CONSTANT AND STRENGTH INCREASES. THUS, THE PLASTIC LIMIT IS INDICATIVE OF THE AMOUNT OF LIME FIXATION IN CLAYEY SOILS. FURTHER CORRELATIONS SHOW THAT THE AMOUNT OF FIXATION IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE TYPE AND AMOUNT OF 2-MICRON CLAY PRESENT AND IS INDEPENDENT OF THE ADSORBED CATION PRESENT. AS A RESULT OF THE UNCONFINED COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS, KAOLINITIC AND MONTMORILLONITIC CLAYEY SOILS WERE FOUND TO BE WELL STABILIZED WITH LIME ALONE, WHEREAS ILLITIC- CHLORITIC CLAYEY SOILS REQUIRE ADDITIONS OF FLYASH TO OBTAIN SIGNIFICANT GAINS IN STRENGTH. /AUTHOR/