Showing papers in "Hispania in 1999"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors outline how dominant Anglo cultures have, through traditional colonizing discourses, constructed Latin American and Latinas/os in the US and examine how Latina/o writers and artists have internalized, appropriated, and transformed these hegemonic definitions.
Abstract: Tropicalization, as the editors define it, "means to trope, to imbue a particular space, geography, group, or nation with a set of traits, images, and values" that are circulated and perpetuated through official texts, history, literature, and the media. With bold strokes, this collection outlines how dominant Anglo cultures have, through traditional colonizing discourses, constructed Latin American and Latinas/os in the US. It also examines how Latina/o writers and artists have internalized, appropriated, and transformed these hegemonic definitions. Focusing on literary and aesthetic production, essays explore topics such as the imbalance of power in the trans-cultural relationship, gender-based myths about Latin America and Latina/o sexuality, tensions inherent in contact zones between cultures, and the tropicalization of Cuba from within the US.
131 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a correlación between two variables fonol6gicas and tres variables estilisticas in el espafiol de Puerto Rico was examined.
Abstract: Se examina la correlaci6n que existe entre dos variables fonol6gicas y tres variables estilisticas en el espafiol de Puerto Rico. Las variables estilisticas que se tomaron en consideraci6n son la situaci6n (entrevista individual, conversaci6n en grupo y una presentaci6n oral), el discurso y la relaci6n que existe entre hablante e interlocutor. Se concentra en el habla de 20 j6venes adultos que residen en Caguas, Puerto Rico. Las variables fonol6gicas que se seleccionaron para este estudio son la vibrante miltiple (rr) y la vibrante simple (r) en posici6n de final de silaba. Los resultados se sometieron al programa estadistico VARBRUL y las conclusiones muestran la importancia que tienen las variables estilisticas en la investigaci6n sociolingiifstica.
28 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an output-centered approach is presented as a coherent model of instruction which emphasizes FonF in the context of the first-year Spanish course that has the development of speaking ability as a primary objective.
Abstract: The optimal shape and content of grammar instruction within the communicative framework has been a point of great contention over the last decade. Most recently, the debate has shifted to a discussion of the utility of a focus on form (FonF) in language instruction (Long 1991; Doughty and Williams 1998). The mysterious how of form-focused instruction can be addressed in a more concrete way via descriptive classroom data, especially as this instruction is operationalized in the context of the first-year Spanish course that has the development of speaking ability as a primary objective. An output-centered approach is presented as a coherent model of instruction which emphasizes FonF. In addition, it is argued that pushed output (Swain 1985 and elsewhere) is a crucial element of the language classroom environment that is focused on oral skills development among learners.
16 citations
TL;DR: The authors found that children use DMs to specifically mark differences in sta- tus and in familiarity/intimacy between interlocutors: high status roles (parents, teachers) reveal greater use of DMs than lower-status roles (children), and this difference increases when familiarity decreases (i.e., more DMs by teacher in the classroom setting than by parent in the family setting).
Abstract: The speech of twenty Spanish-English bilingual children, aged six to ten, was recorded while the children engaged in pretend play with puppets in Spanish. The puppets represented a variety of characters with different social relationships. Analyses focused on the distribution of discourse markers (DMs) across the different roles played. Results indicate that these children use DMs to specifically mark differences in sta- tus and in familiarity/intimacy between interlocutors: High-status roles (parents, teachers) reveal greater use of DMs than lower-status roles (children), and this difference increases when familiarity decreases (i.e., more DMs by teacher in the classroom setting than by parent in the family setting). Finer differences among DMs are also demonstrated, and the relationship between DMs and particular speech acts is explored. The find- ings are discussed in the context of prior research on the acquisition of register knowledge in English and in French.
15 citations
TL;DR: In their search to improve instruction, Spanish language educators have developed and adapted many different instructional approaches to meet the needs of their students as mentioned in this paper, and a retrospective series on Spanish instruction in the twentieth century would be incomplete without some attention being focused on the issue of methodology.
Abstract: Throughout the twentieth century, instructional approaches and materials have been influenced by popular theories of learning, as well as by world events. In their search to improve instruction, Spanish language educators have developed and adapted many different instructional approaches to meet the needs of their students. A retrospective series on Spanish instruction in the twentieth century, therefore, would be incomplete without some attention being focused on the issue of methodology. The present article traces the historical bases, significant research, and instructional trends in Spanish language instruction over the last century.
15 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In un esfuerzo por integrar el aprendizaje del espafiol basado en experiencias en la comunidad, la educaci6n multicultural, and la investigaci 6n participatoria, se ha disefiado un curso de Conversaci6ns Avanzada que se imparte en la Universidad de Santa Clara en California as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: En un esfuerzo por integrar el aprendizaje del espafiol basado en experiencias en la comunidad, la educaci6n multicultural y la investigaci6n participatoria, se ha disefiado un curso de Conversaci6n Avanzada que se imparte en la Universidad de Santa Clara en California. Se presenta un informe detallado de las cuatro fases de Investigaci6n Participatoria y c6mo esto afect6 el proceso de adquisici6n del idioma y la cultura de los estudiantes.
14 citations
TL;DR: In several chronicles of the "discovery" and conquest of the New World, Cabeza de Vaca's Naufragios, Bernal Diaz's Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva Espafia, and el Inca Garcilaso de la Vega's Comentarios, scenes of conversion from an Old World self to a New World one provide a context for under- standing these texts' challenge to conventional histories of conquest as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In several chronicles of the "discovery" and conquest of the New World, Cabeza de Vaca's Naufragios, Bernal Diaz's Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva Espafia, and el Inca Garcilaso de la Vega's Comentarios, scenes of conversion from an Old World self to a New World one provide a context for under- standing these texts' challenge to conventional histories of conquest. John Freccero's theory on conversion in Dante proposes that a conversion marks a point in the text where a new story is to be told. The colonial con- version stories tell a new version of America and its protagonists, far from the ideal historical paradigm. The ironic moments of conversion in these texts are also the lynchpins of a certain narrative irony that character- izes the chronicles in their questioning of models of authority.
13 citations
TL;DR: In un esfuerzo por integrar el aprendizaje del espafiol basado en experiencias en la comunidad, la educaci6n multicultural, and la investigaci 6n participatoria, se ha disefiado un curso de Conversaci6ns Avanzada que se imparte en la Universidad de Santa Clara en California.
Abstract: En un esfuerzo por integrar el aprendizaje del espafiol basado en experiencias en la comunidad, la educaci6n multicultural y la investigaci6n participatoria, se ha disefiado un curso de Conversaci6n Avanzada que se imparte en la Universidad de Santa Clara en California. Se presenta un informe detallado de las cuatro fases de Investigaci6n Participatoria y c6mo esto afect6 el proceso de adquisici6n del idioma y la cultura de los estudiantes.
11 citations
10 citations
TL;DR: In El sitio de Bredd, Calder6n makes use of Italian Renaissance art in order to construct a subplot that softens the cries of war as discussed by the authors, which allows a text of war to humanize the face of the enemy.
Abstract: In El sitio de Bredd, Calder6n makes use of Italian Renaissance art in order to construct a subplot that softens the cries of war. This counter-movement to the well known horrors of war serves first of all to humanize the Spaniard who had acquired a reputation of cruelty in the Netherlands. It also allows a text of war to humanize the face of the enemy. Indeed, a haunting woodland scene in the first act can be viewed as a dramatic ekphrasis of Botticelli's Primavera. The action in Calder6n's scene corresponds to the left and right sections of the painting: from Mercury's message on the left to the rape of Chloris/Flora on the right. The three Graces in both painting and play stand for the Senecan notion of liberality. It is through acts of generos- ity that bellicose impulses are transmuted into a vision of harmony and abundance.
TL;DR: In this paper, Mexico's Foreign Policy after NAFTA: Tools of Interdependence, Decentralized Diplomacy, the Role of Consular Offices in Mexico's Relations with its Diaspora, Foreign Policy Comes Home: The Domestic Consequences of the Program for Mexican Communities Living in Foreign Countries, and Rise of the Mexico Lobby in Washington: Even Further from God, and Even Closer to the United States.
Abstract: Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 Dealing with the American Political System: An Historical Overview, 1910-1995 Chapter 3 Mexico's Foreign Policy after NAFTA: The Tools of Interdependence Chapter 4 Decentralized Diplomacy: The Role of Consular Offices in Mexico's Relations with its Diaspora Chapter 5 Foreign Policy Comes Home: The Domestic Consequences of the Program for Mexican Communities Living in Foreign Countries Chapter 6 The Rise of the Mexico Lobby in Washington: Even Further from God, and Even Closer to the United States Chapter 7 Selling Ideas, Buying Influence: Mexico and American Think Tanks in the Promotion of NAFTA Chapter 8 The Negotiations between the Mexican Government and the U.S. Financial Community: A New Interpretation Chapter 9 Discord in U.S.-Mexican Labor Relations and the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation Chapter 10 Mexico's New Foreign Policy: States, Societies, and Institutions
TL;DR: El medico de su honra offers many possible readings to its audience, readings that do not end with the final curtain Each character is not only a reader of the other characters but also a read of himself or herself While each admits the possibility of misreadings, each nonetheless believes his or her reading of self or herself and others to be correct.
Abstract: El medico de su honra offers many possible readings to its audience, readings that do not end with the final curtain Each character is not only a reader of the other characters but also a reader of himself or herself While each admits the possibility of misreadings, each nonetheless believes his or her reading of himself or herself and of others to be correct In judging whether Mencia is guilty or innocent, whether Gutiere acts prudently or viciously, or whether Pedro is cruel or just, critics have repeated what one or more of the charac- ters have said about these questions The play not only demands readings; it is, in effect, about reading itself The politics of reading, in the broadest sense, involves a judgment, conditions of judgment, context, and point of view, all which merit careful consideration
TL;DR: Pardo Bazain this paper presented her readers with a bride on her wedding day; in each case, and each in her own way, the bride breaks with convention and time-honored tradition on this most anticipated day of her life, only to see her life irrevocably altered by her own actions and decisions.
Abstract: In three of her tales-"El encaje roto" (1897), "Champagne" (1898), and "La boda" (1909), Pardo Bazain presents her readers with a bride on her wedding day; in each case, and each in her own way, the bride breaks with convention and time-honored tradition on this most anticipated day of her life, only to see her life irrevocably altered-not by the marriage-but by her own actions and decisions The juxtaposition of these three tales with a fourth later one, "La punta del cigarro" (1914), the story of a man in search of a wife wherein a male narrator delineates nineteenth-century society's requirements for the ideal wife, illustrates Dofia Emilia's astute subversion of the traditional feminine ideal and her empowerment of female protagonists
TL;DR: In this paper, the modalite de reserve epistemique determines the selection of a subjonctif, i.e., the modality of a phrase with respect to the verbe creer.
Abstract: L'A. utilise le concept de modalite suivant : les modalites des phrases declaratives peuvent se diviser en deux classes : les epistemiques et les evaluatives. Il analyse l'alternance indicatif-subjonctif dans le complement de la phrase interrogative avec le verbe creer (croire) et il montre que la modalite de reserve epistemique determine la selection du subjonctif. Cela lui permet de formuler l'hypothese selon laquelle le subjonctif represente toujours la modalite de reserve epistemique
TL;DR: In this article, a serie d'emplois which mettent en relief certaines particularites du fonctionnement du futur de lindicatif en espagnol is examined.
Abstract: L'A. examine une serie d'emplois qui mettent en relief certaines particularites du fonctionnement du futur de l'indicatif en espagnol. Rappelant la double valeur temporelle et modale traditionnellement attribuee a cette forme, il tente de montrer le lien que la modalite etablit avec l'interdiscours et l'enonciation. Ainsi, le futur de conjecture peut etre interprete comme un discours qui se refere a un autre discours plutot que directement au monde. Analysant le slogan Pasivos seran los de antes, l'A. identifie egalement une valeur de refutation attribuable a cette forme verbale
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse pragmalinguistique du discours direct d'un recit ou d'une nouvelle revele des facteurs importants for determiner la fonction du dialogue.
Abstract: L'analyse pragmalinguistique du discours direct d'un recit ou d'une nouvelle revele des facteurs importants pour determiner la fonction du dialogue. L'information contenue dans le recit, lorsqu'elle est structuree de maniere a etre communiquee a travers le dialogue, atteint le lecteur plus directement, le narrateur s'excluant apparemment du processus de communication. Certains traits pragmalinguistiques associes a la conversation, comme l'usage du temps present et de l'imperatif, la deixis, l'ellipse, la negociation du sens et l'implicature conversationnelle, lorsqu'ils sont presents dans le dialogue litteraire, transforment le lecteur en recepteur et temoin direct de l'information
TL;DR: In this article, a Lacanian discourse analysis reveals the strategies employed by Graciliano Ramos in avoiding the pitfalls in- herent in autobiographical writing as he construes a believable narrative, which offers a powerful alternative to the official version of history.
Abstract: Mem6rias do Cdrcere (1953) by Graciliano Ramos adds an important marker to the topology of au- tobiography, for the memoirs show the author's conscious manipulation of facts to transform them into a be- lievable narrative account which calls for the reader's imagination in the recreation of his life in prison. A Lacanian discourse analysis reveals the strategies employed by Graciliano Ramos in avoiding the pitfalls in- herent in autobiographical writing as he construes a believable narrative, which offers a powerful alternative to the official version of history.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the role of the vanguardia catalana in the development of the future of architecture in Cataluna, and present a biographical account of Foix and Dali.
Abstract: Indice: Advertencia y agradecimientos. Joan Ramon RESINA: Observaciones sobre la vanguardia catalana. Giuseppe GRILLI: J.M. Junoy: Una biografia en escorzo. Joan Abello JUANPERE: Presencia e influencias del futurismo en Cataluna. Josep-Vicent GAVALDA: Una poetica heroica. Manuel DURAN: J.V. Foix o la poesia de vanguardia como actividad peligrosa. Enric BOU: Croniques de l'ultrason de J.V. Foix o la culminacion del Diari 1918. Josep Miquel SOBRER: J.V. Foix, Salvador Dali y la modernidad. Antonio MONEGAL: Las palabras y las cosas, segun Salvador Dali. Oscar RIVERA-RODAS: Modernidad y vanguardia catalana. Jose B. MONLEON: Taula de Lletres Valencianes y la polemica vanguardista. Eduard RESINA BERTRAN: Robert Gerhard, 'Vanguardia o Retaguardi? Jordi OLIVERAS SAMITIER: Seguidismo, adaptacion y originalidad de la vanguardia arquitectonica catalana. Autores.
TL;DR: A more direct relationship exists between the contextual balance of poetic and social reality in the play and the "provocative" inclusion of the reader/spectator into its dramatic dynamic through social, moral and ideological commentary on the part of Federico Garcia Lorca as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Critics have acknowledged patterns of symmetry and contrast with regard to formal aspects of La casa de Bernarda Alba. However, a more direct relationship exists between the contextual balance of poetic and social reality in the play and the "provocative" inclusion of the reader/spectator into its dramatic dynamic through social, moral, and ideological commentary on the part of Federico Garcia Lorca. While La casa de Bernarda Alba maintains undeniable structural, thematic, and symbolic ties with Bodas de sangre and Yerma as the first two pieces of Lorca's intended trilogy, its added "social" dimension clears the way for Lorca to infuse his theater with social, moral, and ideological perspectives that suggest the ultimate goal of changing society through art.
TL;DR: The first half of the century, comedia criticism was dominated by Marcelino Menendez y Pelayo, who was a product of realism and saw Golden Age drama as an authentic representation of society as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: During the first half of the century, comedia criticism was dominated by Marcelino Menendez y Pelayo, who was a product of realism and saw Golden Age drama as an authentic representation of society. Preferring the works of Lope, which he saw as more realistic, he condemned Calder6n for his hyperbole and for advocating wife-murder in his honor plays. The New Critics of mid-century subjected comedias to meticu- lous textual analysis and argued that Calder6n actually condemned the practices he depicted. During the same period, theater historians such as J. E. Varey began investigating Golden Age theaters from a social and eco- nomic perspective. During the last decades of the century, postmodernism, stressing the pluralistic and popu- lar aspects of culture, spurred critics to adopt the multidisciplinary approach of Early Modern Studies. This led to a broadening of the canon to include new authors, including women, and to an exploration of the perfor- mative aspects of the comedia.