Showing papers in "Hormones and Behavior in 2011"

TL;DR: Intriguingly, the effects of a challenged pregnancy appear to be transmitted possibly to one or two subsequent generations, suggesting that these epigenetic effects persist.

TL;DR: This review will explore the potential role of paternally induced maternal investment, highlight the literature illustrating the transgenerational impact of paternal experiences, and discuss the evidence supporting the role of epigenetic mechanisms in maintaining paternal effects both within and across generations.

TL;DR: An updated review of BPA's action on the brain and behavior is presented, discussing its role as both an endocrine active compound and an agent that alters DNA methylation.

TL;DR: High levels of endogenous testosterone were associated with choosing less frequently from advantageous IGT decks of cards, indicating greater risk taking and high levels of testosterone are associated with willingness to incur greater risk in both sexes.

TL;DR: Findings support the theoretical model of blunting of the HPA axis over time, and suggest that long-term exposure may lead to a hypo-arousal of theHPA axis which culminates in a dysregulated diurnal rhythm.

TL;DR: At the center of the discussion is the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene, as abnormal BDNF gene activity is a leading etiological hypothesis by which early-life adverse experiences persistently modify brain and behavioral plasticity.

TL;DR: The proposition that adolescence may be a stress sensitive period for females and exposure to stress during adolescence results in behavioral effects that persist in females is supported.

TL;DR: The importance of sex differences in the transmission and inheritance of traits that are generated in the prenatal environment using models of maternal stress and diet are discussed.

TL;DR: The maternal brain undergoes remarkable physiological and behavioral changes in the peripartum period to meet the demands of the offspring to play important roles in the regulation of maternal behavior.

TL;DR: It is found that progesterone correlates directly with the degree to which women report emotions, thoughts, and behaviors consonant with enhanced prophylaxis, and the motivational states underlying it.

TL;DR: The data suggest that in line with their function in mediating responses of individuals to longer-term and acute demands, both baseline and stress-induced plasma corticosterone concentrations are rather plastic traits, however, individuals may differ in their degree of trait plasticity and hence in behavioral and physiological responses to a variety of organismal challenges.

TL;DR: Post-weaning social isolation induced abnormal forms of aggression that developed on the background of increased behavioral, endocrine and autonomic arousal, and this paradigm may be used to model aggression-related psychopathologies associated with hyperarousal, particularly those that are triggered by adverse rearing conditions.

TL;DR: The results indicate that testosterone can have positive activational effects on spatial learning and memory, but the duration of testosterone replacement and the nature of the spatial task modify these effects.

TL;DR: Assessment of relations between three components of sociosexuality--desire, behavior, and attitudes--and endogenous testosterone levels in men and women found that partnered status was indeed associated with lower testosterone in both men andWomen, but only among those who reported more restricted soci homosexuality.

TL;DR: The relatively acute impact of elevated OXTR signaling in the NAcc on partner preference formation previously reported appears to be dissociable from the effects of longer term, developmentally relevant OX TR signaling necessary for modulating alloparental behavior.

TL;DR: A review of the benefits of expanding the understanding of how the mesolimbic dopamine system regulates behavior in response to stress by focusing on a limited number of species under a narrow set of controlled conditions.

TL;DR: The evidence that fetuses gestated with a male co-twin are masculinized in development, perhaps due to the influence of prenatal androgens: the so-called twin testosterone transfer (TTT) hypothesis is reviewed.

TL;DR: A conceptual analysis of this construct is provided, the role of genital feedback in men's subjective sexual arousal is considered, and the usefulness of perspectives derived from motivation and emotion research in improving the understanding of its determinants and behavioral correlates are discussed.

TL;DR: 2D:4D in adults may reflect, in part, neonatal testosterone exposure in infancy, and the interaction of salivary testosterone and CAG repeat length predicted change in left hand 2D: 4D from 2 weeks to 12 months in males.

TL;DR: In this paper, a shorter distance between a woman's clitoris and her urethral meatus (CUMD) was found to increase the likelihood of experiencing orgasm in intercourse.

TL;DR: It is suggested that urinary OT might be useful as a noninvasive and objective biomarker of positive emotion in dogs and the influence of stimuli on urinary OT and cortisol is evaluated.

TL;DR: Investigating depressive-like behavior following exposure to repeated social defeat in a rat model of individual differences in response to novelty found that HR rats had higher levels of histone acetylation on H3K14 and H2B than LR rats in non-stress conditions, but found no significant effects of defeat in levels of HDACs 3, 4, 5 in the hippocampus.

TL;DR: The results suggest that sexual thoughts change T but not C, baseline T levels and HC use may contribute to variation in the T response to sexual thoughts, and cognitive aspects of sexual arousal affect physiology.

TL;DR: It is shown that intraseptal infusions of a V(1a) antagonist in male zebra finches reduce gregariousness, but have no effect on the amount of time that subjects spend in close proximity to other birds ("contact time").

TL;DR: This is the first study showing that OT increases generosity in unilateral exchanges directed toward philanthropic social institutions, as opposed to immediate benefits directed at individuals or groups.

TL;DR: Results suggest that ghrelin acts directly on the VTA to increase preference for and motivation to obtain highly-palatable food.

TL;DR: The evidence is consistent with there being a testosterone-dependent component of women's sexuality that is more important for some women than others, and a new theoretical model is presented that aims to resolve these uncertainties and that proposes different types ofWomen's sexuality.

TL;DR: It is indicated that stress-induced CORT levels are consistent within individual scrub-jays, and the degree to which a young jay mounts an acute stress response appears to be somewhat "set" by the age of nutritional independence.

TL;DR: It is suggested that prenatal androgen exposure contributes to sex differences in playmate selection observed in typically developing children and that, among boys and girls exposed to high levels of androgens prenatally, play style preferences drive sex segregation in play.

TL;DR: Mechanisms of male reproductive competition and its hormonal basis in a cercopithecine species with reduced contest potential owing to female reproductive synchrony and concealed ovulation are investigated.