Journal•ISSN: 0304-3843
Hyperfine Interactions
Springer Science+Business Media
About: Hyperfine Interactions is an academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Hyperfine structure & Mössbauer spectroscopy. It has an ISSN identifier of 0304-3843. Over the lifetime, 10203 publications have been published receiving 69029 citations.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the relative fraction of each iron oxide can be accurately determined from the Mossbauer subspectral area and recoil-free fraction for each phase, at temperatures of 300K, 77K and 4K.
Abstract: For fundamental studies of the atmospheric corrosion of steel, it is useful to identify the iron oxide phases present in rust layers. The nine iron oxide phases, iron hydroxide (Fe(OH)2), iron trihydroxide (Fe(OH)3), goethite (α-FeOOH), akaganeite (β-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), feroxyhite (δ-FeOOH), hematite (α-Fe2O3), maghemite (γ-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4) are among those which have been reported to be present in the corrosion coatings on steel. Each iron oxide phase is uniquely characterized by different hyperfine parameters from Mossbauer analysis, at temperatures of 300K, 77K and 4K. Many of these oxide phases can also be identified by use of Raman spectroscopy. The relative fraction of each iron oxide can be accurately determined from the Mossbauer subspectral area and recoil-free fraction of each phase. The different Mossbauer geometries also provide some depth dependent phase identification for corrosion layers present on the steel substrate. Micro-Raman spectroscopy can be used to uniquely identify each iron oxide phase to a high spatial resolution of about 1 µm.
534 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the analysis of phonon spectra obtained by incoherent nuclear resonant scattering is demonstrated using the PHOENIX software, and the CONUSS software package for the interpretation of time or energy spectra from coherent elastic nuclear resonance scattering, i.e., forward scattering and Bragg/Laue scattering, is presented.
Abstract: Evaluation methods for data obtained by nuclear resonant scattering techniques are discussed. The CONUSS software package for the interpretation of time or energy spectra from coherent elastic nuclear resonant scattering, i.e., forward scattering and Bragg/Laue scattering, is presented. The analysis of phonon spectra obtained by incoherent nuclear resonant scattering is demonstrated using the PHOENIX software.
360 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the role of electron-electron correlation in a variety of electronic states and of the symmetry of electron pairing in the superconducting state is reviewed in the light of electron correlation.
Abstract: Recent 13\mathrmC\mbox-NMR studies on a family of quasi‐two‐dimensional organic conductors based on BEDT‐TTF molecules are reviewed in the light of the role of electron–electron correlation in a variety of electronic states and of the symmetry of electron pairing in the superconducting state. Comparison of the nuclear spin‐lattice relaxation rate, conducting property and molecular arrangement indicates a close relationship between the molecular arrangement and manifestation of electron correlation. The metal/nonmetal phases in the isostructural \kappa\mbox- (BEDT\mbox-TTF)2X systems, which are in the strong dimeric regime, are understood as highly correlated metals and insulators crossing the Mott transition. For the 10‐K superconducting phase situated near the Mott transition, the absence of Hebel–Slichter coherence peak and a low‐temperature T3-dependence of the nuclear spin‐lattice relaxation rate suggest unconventional superconductivity with line nodes in gap parameter or highly anisotropic one.
326 citations
TL;DR: Nanocrystalline materials, with a grain size of typically < 100 nm, are a new class of materials with properties vastly different from and often superior to those of the conventional coarse-grained materials as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Nanocrystalline materials, with a grain size of typically < 100 nm, are a new class of materials with properties vastly different from and often superior to those of the conventional coarse-grained materials. These materials can be synthesized by a number of different techniques and the grain size, morphology, and composition can be controlled by controlling the process parameters. In comparison to the coarse-grained materials, nanocrystalline materials show higher strength and hardness, enhanced diffusivity, and superior soft and hard magnetic properties. Limited quantities of these materials are presently produced and marketed in the US, Canada, and elsewhere. Applications for these materials are being actively explored. The present article discusses the synthesis, structure, thermal stability, properties, and potential applications of nanocrystalline materials.
319 citations
TL;DR: The Nuclear Resonance Beamline at ESRF as discussed by the authors is dedicated to the excitation of nuclear levels by synchrotron radiation and is optimized to provide an intense, highly monochromatic, collimated and stable X-ray beam of small cross-section at the Mossbauer transition energies between 6 and 30 keV.
Abstract: The Nuclear Resonance Beamline at ESRF is dedicated to the excitation of nuclear levels by synchrotron radiation. The sources of radiation and optical elements are optimized to provide an intense, highly monochromatic, collimated and stable X-ray beam of small cross-section at the Mossbauer transition energies between 6 and 30 keV. The set-up of the beamline allows to perform studies in diffraction, small angle scattering, forward scattering and incoherent scattering. Equipment is available to maintain the sample at variable temperature and magnetic field. Fast detectors and timing electronics serve to separate the delayed nuclear scattering from the “prompt” electronic scattering and to measure the time spectra of nuclear radiation with sub-nanosecond resolution. The general lay-out and the parameters of the beamline are reported. Typical domains of applications are discussed and illustrated by first experimental results.
314 citations