Showing papers in "Ibm Systems Journal in 1973"
TL;DR: In this paper, aspects of information systems that are of importance to systems analysts, systems designers, and implementors are emphasized.
Abstract: The attention of the computer user community is increasingly focusing on data bases and computerized information systems because of two converging trends. Computerized information systems are coming to play an essential role in business operations, and the hardware and software technology for supporting information systems is in a period of rapid technical progress. In spite of this attention, there is still little common agreement as to what information systems are, the functions they perform, and — from a technical point of view -how they should be designed, implemented, installed, and used. These conditions arise naturally from the newness of the field and the ad hoc nature of existing Computerized implementations. A compounding factor is the wide variety of perspectives of those who discuss information systems — for example, the executive, the management consultant, the systems analyst, the mathematician, and the systems programmer. In this paper, we emphasize aspects of information systems that are of importance to systems analysts, systems designers, and implementors.
150 citations
TL;DR: The structure and use of indexes that facuitate the retrieval and storage of records based on a specific value, value range, or value sequence of a given field of a record within one or more data sets are examined.
Abstract: This paper deals with the structure and use of indexes that facuitate the retrieval and storage of records based on a specific value, value range, or value sequence of a given field of a record within one or more data sets. Specifically, it examines general index structures, maintenance, index entry compression, and complex indexes as considered in the basic design of VSAM (Virtual Storage Access Method). Under complex indexes, indirect secondary indexes and indexes to multiple data sets are considered.
44 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents introductory concepts of data dictionaries, their capabilities, and an example implementation approach, as well as an Example implementation approach.
Abstract: A Data Dictionary/Directory System can provide centralized control over data resources and data management. This paper presents introductory concepts of data dictionaries, their capabilities, and an example implementation approach.
33 citations
TL;DR: Factors that affect the paging characteristics of user programs in virtual storage systems are presented in tutorial form and measures are suggested that can be taken to exploit the virtual storage concept at the source language level in assembler, COBOL, FORTRAN, and PL/I.
Abstract: Factors that affect the paging characteristics of user programs in virtual storage systems are presented in tutorial form. Measures are suggested that can be taken to exploit the virtual storage concept at the source language level in assembler, COBOL, FORTRAN, and PL/I.
29 citations
TL;DR: Material requirements planning, a principal approach to manufacturing inventory management, is discussed and concepts and characteristics of net change, a method that facilitates replanning and provides timely response to chunge in a transaction-oriented system are evaluated.
Abstract: Material requirements planning, a principal approach to manufacturing inventory management, is discussed.
Defined and evaluated are concepts and characteristics of net change, a method that facilitates replanning and provides timely response to chunge in a transaction-oriented system.
27 citations
TL;DR: Cost factors involved in computing centers that tend to motivate the centralization as opposed to the decentralization of computing services are evaluated, and a cost-minimization solution is presented.
Abstract: Cost factors involved in computing centers that tend to motivate the centralization as opposed to the decentralization of computing services are evaluated, and a cost-minimization solution is presented.
Proposed and evaluated is a strategy for linking large regional service centers that perform standard production services with satellite centers that perform local personalized services.
Emphasized are techniques, including user waiting, for evaluating the two characteristic service types.
24 citations
TL;DR: This technique of on-line switching has been applied to determine the effects of page replacement algorithm, time-slice length, and user priority setting in the CP-67 time-sharing system.
Abstract: The performance of different features of system software can be compared efficiently by means of rapid, on-line switching between the versions. This technique of on-line switching has been applied to determine the effects of page replacement algorithm, time-slice length, and user priority setting in the CP-67 time-sharing system.
21 citations
TL;DR: The largest IBM programming effort since the introduction of OS/360, the virtual storage operating system OS/VS2-2 has been designed to integrate efficient support for interactive, data base, and data communications applications.
Abstract: The largest IBM programming effort since the introduction of OS/360, the virtual storage operating system OS/VS2-2 has been designed to integrate efficient support for interactive, data base, and data communications applications.
Discussed from the point of view of its designers are tradeoffs, options, and objectives of the architectural features related to system parallelism, main storage exploitation, system resource allocation, and system recovery.
17 citations
TL;DR: This paper presents introductory concepts and considerations of financial models with emphasis on their structure and general design methodology.
Abstract: The use of financial models can assist in company business planning processes. This paper presents introductory concepts and considerations of financial models with emphasis on their structure and general design methodology.
10 citations
TL;DR: Presented are early developments of storage management techniques, particularly those used in OS/360, and innovations introduced by systems that use dynamic address translation are traced.
Abstract: Presented are early developments of storage management techniques, particularly those used in OS/360. Innovations introduced by systems that use dynamic address translation are traced. The impact o...
7 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: DIAM is a hierarchy of models formed by the Entity Set Model and three lower modeling levels--the String Model, the Encoding Model, and the Physical Device Level Model.
Abstract: Presented is the Data Independent Accessing Model (DIAM)--a complete model for the representing, storing, and retrieving of structured information.
DIAM is a hierarchy of models formed by the Entity Set Model and three lower modeling levels--the String Model, the Encoding Model, and the Physical Device Level Model.
TL;DR: An experimental system that enables the user, through an intelligent graphics terminal, to construct, modify, analyze, and store decision trees so that business decisions under uncertainty can be analyzed.
Abstract: Described is an experimental system that enables the user, through an intelligent graphics terminal, to construct, modify, analyze, and store decision trees. With this system, business decisions under uncertainty can be analyzed. This paper discusses the system and its capabilities. Included is a brief discussion of decision analysis, which represents an aspect of financial modeling.
TL;DR: Methods for card systems and direct access (FORTRAN and non-FORTRan) systems are presented and financial plans are produced, similar to those generated by larger-system methods.
Abstract: The implementationo of financial models on small systems is discussed.
Presented are methods for card systems and direct access (FORTRAN and non-FORTRAN) systems. Financial plans are produced, similar to those generated by larger-system methods.
TL;DR: Type of planning and the processing of planning data are discussed, and the use of a planning systems generator-- a planning-oriented language facilitating data bank definition and data entry, logical computations, and formatting of statistical or graphical reports is emphasized.
Abstract: Factors inhibiting the development of planning-data systems are now being resolved in part by the availability of planning-oriented programming languages.
Disussed are types of planning and the processing of planning data. Emphasized is the use of a planning systems generator-- a planning-oriented language facilitating data bank definition and data entry, logical computations, and formatting of statistical or graphical reports.
TL;DR: Three major classes of data descriptor messages are discussed -- for language processors, for input/output devices, and for resource allocation -- required by computer networks where the details depend on the variety of systems in a network and on file complexity.
Abstract: Discussed are three major classes of data descriptor messages -- for language processors, for input/output devices, and for resource allocation -- required by computer networks where the details depend on the variety of systems in a network and on file complexity.
Three classes of networks are also discussed--remote job entry networks with compatible operating systems and computers, networks for transmitting arbitrary data sets between systems that have the same internal data representation but different hardware and operating systems, and networks for transmitting arbitrary data sets between arbitrary systems. The first two classes are illustrated by IBM networks and the third by an interuniversity network.
Requirements for the three classes of networks are compared. Further details of networks of systems with the same internal structures but different hardware and operating systems are given.
TL;DR: An addressing space larger than main storage-virtual storage-in System/370 challenges the operating system architect to design a disk operating (DOS/VS) for superior program execution performance.
Abstract: An addressing space larger than main storage-virtual storage-in System/370 challenges the operating system architect to design a disk operating (DOS/VS) for superior program execution performance.
Compared are the bases for program execution by DOS/VS with those of the earlier Disk Operating System. Increased system versatility is presented in terms of storage management, channel management, and program management.
IBM1
TL;DR: The design of the PL/I Checkout Compiler is constrained by the requirement that a subroutine developed using this checkout compiler should be capable of executing in conjunction with code generated by a more conventional compiler.
Abstract: The PL/I Checkout Compiler was designed to emphasize programmer productivity in developing programs, even at the expense of consuming extra machine resources. We explain the choices in the design of the compiler that resulted from this emphasis. The design is constrained by the requirement that a subroutine developed using this checkout compiler should be capable of executing in conjunction with code generated by a more conventional compiler. The execution environment that supports this operation is described.
TL;DR: Described are basic message-handling concepts and a protocol that is compatible with a broad range of network designs that performs for the network a function analogous to that performed by control blocks for operating systems.
Abstract: Computing system networks hold promise of increasing system efficiency through the sharing of resources, programs, and files.
Required is a protocol that performs for the network a function analogous to that performed by control blocks for operating systems.
Described are basic message-handling concepts and a protocol that are compatible with a broad range of network designs.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Current financial planning tools and techniques facilitating development of financial planning systems are summarized and abstracts of some available programs that employ these techniques are presented.
Abstract: Current financial planning tools and techniques facilitating development of financial planning systems are summarized. Also presented are abstracts of some available programs that employ these techniques.
TL;DR: Research results indicate that representutive models can be generated by using the threefold approuch to the simulution of actual banking activities and the generalized bank modeling system presented from which a subset is selected for use.
Abstract: Current bunk modeling systems are generally based on sets of equations that place limitations on the flexibility of the applications und the predictive ability of the model.
The experimental system discussed in this paper uses a threefold approuch to the simulution of actual banking activities. A generalized bank modeling system is presented from which a subset is selected for use. The user interacts with the modeling system via an inteructive simulution language. The composition of the desired model is determined interactively via a terminal and an interactive model generator.
Research results indicate that representutive models can be generated by using these techniques.