Showing papers in "Immunology Today in 1990"

TL;DR: In vivo studies with H-2-deficient targets that support the 'missing self' hypothesis are reviewed and testable predictions for how MHC class I molecules act in cases where they control a rate-limiting step in the NK cell-target interaction are derived.

TL;DR: In this review, Toshio Hirano and colleagues discuss the possible involvement of IL-6 in a variety of diseases, the regulatory mechanism(s) of expression of the IL- 6 gene and the structure and function of theIL-6 receptor.

TL;DR: The role of HSPs in immunity with respect to both their function and their antigenicity is discussed, among the most conserved molecules in phylogeny.

TL;DR: It is found that human malignant glioma cell lines were found to produce large amounts of MCA, with physico-chemical characteristics very similar to those of mitogen-stimulated PBMC-derived M CA, which made it possible to purify, sequence, and clone the protein, which is now called monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that CD28 serves as the surface component of a novel signal transduction pathway that modulates T-cell lymphokine production and increases the resistance of T-cells responses to various immunosuppressive agents.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the production of a broad panel of multifunctional cytokines may represent an important mechanism by which mast cells influence physiological, immunological and pathological processes.

TL;DR: A provocative structural model for cytokine-receptor interactions which, if correct, will alter perceptions of the evolutionary design of the haemopoietic system is discussed.

TL;DR: The effects of stress on the endocrine and central nervous Systems and the interactions between these systems and the immune response after exposure to stress signals are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of hyperacute rejection was proposed and it was shown that if hyper-accurate rejection can be averted for a period after transplantation, prolonged xenograft survival is possible.

TL;DR: The use of liposomes is discussed as an alternative safe, versatile, universal adjuvant that can induce humoral- and cell-mediated immunity to antigens when administered parenterally or enterally.

TL;DR: New data on the structure and function of HLA class I molecules are synthesized into possible mechanisms that might underly the pathogenesis of AS.

TL;DR: The assessment of peripheral blood lymphocyte numbers and ratios has been performed in almost every conceivable disease state, but do these values give any useful information about immune status?

TL;DR: An overview of the biology of IL-1 on the tenth anniversary of its turbulent life has been compiled by Franco di Giovine and Gordon Duff and begins with some general points (mainly cautionary) as a backdrop to the centrefold.

TL;DR: Information is updated on interleukin 1 (IL-1), the original and best-studied costimulator, and the nature of novel, as yet uncharacterized, costimulatory molecules are investigated.

TL;DR: HIV may have developed the ability to use normal immune processes to its own reproductive advantage and activation of HIV-infected CD4+ T cells or monocyte/macrophages during normal immune responses may ultimately result in theactivation of HIV expression and spread of the infection.

TL;DR: This article proposes that allorecognition is structurally heterogeneous and varies according to the responder and stimulator MHC types, and in closely related combinations the focus of the alloreactive T cell may be on epitopes of endogenous peptides that are displayed by stimulator but not by responder MHC molecules.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the mechanisms involved in IgE regulation are summarized in this paper, which is of primary importance in defining alterations responsible for the pathological conditions characterized by hyperproduction of IgE.

TL;DR: This article focuses on the finding that mouse γΔ cells are stimulated by the 65 kDa heat shock protein of M. bovis 1, and speculation on its importance to γ Δ cell function in vivo.

TL;DR: DNA sequence analysis of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II genes from humans and rodents with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes indicates that a portion of MHC-linked genetic susceptibility in humans is determined by the HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 loci.

TL;DR: P phenotypic analysis of naive and memory T cells shows that the latter express greater amounts of several adhesion molecules as well as low levels of several antigens indicative of activation, suggesting that memory T Cells may be more readily activated and that memory may be maintained by crossreactive restimulation.

TL;DR: The interaction between α 2 -macroglobulin and a number of cytokines has recently come under scrutiny, revealing a new and potentially important mechanism for the modulation of cytokine activity, while in the following paper a modulatory role for anti-cytokine antibodies is considered.

TL;DR: This website becomes a very available place to look for countless a history of immunology sources and sources about the books from countries in the world are provided.

TL;DR: The possibility that naturally occurring antibodies may function as specific physiological carriers and regulators of cytokines is discussed, based mainly on evidence obtained by investigating autoantibodies to interleukin 1 alpha.

TL;DR: The expression of mouse MHC class I genes and their products in vivo reveals complex patterns of regulation, and different promoter elements, which are required for gene activation or modulation in response to various external stimuli, have been characterized.

TL;DR: The oral Cholera vaccine containing cholera B sub-unit cross- reacts immunologically with E. coil heat labile enterotoxin (LT) and has been shown to afford significant pro- tection against diarrhoea caused by LT producing enterotoxigenic E. coils in humans.

TL;DR: It is shown that LFA-1-dependent cell adhesion is a dynamic process in which ligand-binding affinity is regulated by intramolecular changes in L FA-1, which is controlled by other lymphocyte surface structures, notably CD2 and CD3.

TL;DR: A model for B-cell activation is proposed that emphasizes the critical role played by direct cellular interactions between B cells and helper T(TH) cells and seeks to place into perspective the role playing by the membrane immunoglobulin (mlg) receptor in cognate responses.

TL;DR: A massive delayed type hypersensitivity reaction occurs in the cerebrospinal fluid of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis and the population dynamics of the regional lymph node are analyzed to give a comprehensive picture of the events underlying this CD8+ T-cell-mediated immunopathological disease.

TL;DR: It is suggested that complete resistance to infection is probably not feasible, and that attention should be directed not so much at vaccines designed to eliminate one or other stage of the parasite, but rather towards the possibility of an 'antitoxic' vaccine that prevents the serious pathological complications of the disease.