Indian Journal of Chemical Technology 

About: Indian Journal of Chemical Technology is an academic journal published by CSIR-NIScPR. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Adsorption & Aqueous solution. It has an ISSN identifier of 0971-457X. Over the lifetime, 1371 publications have been published receiving 9818 citations.

Conventional and non-conventional adsorbents for removal of pollutants from water – A review

Abstract: Conventional and non- conventional adsorbents for removal of pollutants from water – A Review

Chromium(VI) adsorption by sawdust carbon : Kinetics and equilibrium

Abstract: The ability of sawdust carbon to remove chromium from aqueous solution by adsorption was investigated according to equilibrium and kinetics. The extent of removal of Cr(VI) is dependent on concentration, pH and temperature of the solution. With an initial concentration of 100 mg/L and at 60°C and pH 2.5, the removal was found to be 49.8 mg/g. The intra-particle diffusion of Cr(VI) through pores in the adsorbent was sbown to be the main rate limiting step. The higher uptake at pH 2.5 was attributed to chemical reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) coupled with physico-chemical adsorption of Cr(VI) species. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to represent the experimental data. The Langmuir and Freundlich constants were calculated at different temperatures and the adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) increases with temperature. The method was applied on synthetic wastewaters. Treatment of the exhausted carbon with 0.1 M NaOH removed only 87.2% of the adsorbed chromium, suggesting that the binding to the carbon involved strong chemisorption forces.

Removal of phenol from wastewater using sawdust, polymerized sawdust and sawdust carbon

Abstract: The adsorption of phenol on sawdust, polymerized sawdust and sawdust carbon was investigated to assess the possible use of these adsorbents for the processing of phenolic wastewater. The influence of various factors such as initial concentration, agitation speed, and amount of adsorbent, temperature and pH on the adsorption capacity has been studied. The percentage removal of phenol is observed to increase, with the increase in initial concentration of phenol. With increase in temperature the adsorption of phenol decreases, indicating exothermic nature of the reaction. Adsorption isothermal data could be interpreted by the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. Kinetic data has been studied, using pseudo-second order equation for understanding the reaction mechanism. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG, ΔH and AS for the adsorption process were calculated.

Basic dye adsorption on a low cost carbonaceous sorbent- Kinetic and equilibrium studies

Abstract: A carbonaceous sorbent prepared from an indigenous agricultural waste, jack fruit peel, by acid treatment was tested for its efficiency in removing basic dyes. Malachite green, a common basic dyestuff of triphenyl methane series used for dyeing silk and wool directly and cotton mordanted with tannin to deep green, was chosen for investigation. The process parameters studied include agitation time, initial dye concentration, carbon dose, pH and temperature. The adsorption followed first order reaction equation and the rate is mainly controlled by intraparticle diffusion. Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models were applied to the equilibrium data. The adsorption capacity (Q0 ) obtained from the Langmuir isotherm plot was 166.37 mg g- 1 at an initial pH of 6.0 and at 32 ± 0.5°C. The influence of pH on dye removal was not significant and the adsorption capacity increased with increase in temperature. A portion of the dye was recovered from the spent carbon using 50% acetic acid (vlv). The discharge of highly coloured effluents into natural water bodies is not only aesthetically displeasing, but it also impedes light penetration, thus upsetting biological processes within a stream. In addition, many dyes are toxic to some organisms causing direct destruction of aquatic communities 1 • Some dyes can cause allergic dermatitis, skin irritation, cancer and mutation in man 2 • Recent estimates indicate that, approximately, 12 % of synthetic textile dyes used each year are lost during manufacture and processing operation and 20 % of these dyes enter the environment through effluents that result from the treatment of residual industrial waters 3 . Among the various classes of dyes, basic dyes were found to be the brightest class of soluble dyes used by the textile industry as their tinctorial value is very high 4 .

Enzyme technology applications in leather processing

Abstract: The emphasis on the use of enzymes has come about because of the unique properties of the enzymes. The most important properties are the catalysis of chemical reactions at high rate under mild environmental conditions of pH, temperature and pressure, specificity of reactions, minimal side reactions, simple operations, non toxic nature and non polluting effluent generations. The leather industry world over is coming under pressure from environmental regulations to comply with the pollution and discharge legislation. The current activity in the area of leather processing is shifting towards the design and utilization of cleaner and softer technology like enzymatically enhanced processes. The enzymes are successfully employed for the better quality leather production with less pollution impact and also for the treatment of waste discharged from the industry. The leather processing from the raw skins to the finished products required the various steps like curing, soaking, liming, dehairing, bating, pickling, degreasing and tanning. The various processing principles have been discussed in brief along with application of suitable enzymes, their properties and sources. It showed that leather industries have enormous potential for the wide range of applications of several industrial enzymes. IPC Code: C14 B 1/00