Indian journal of science and technology 

Abstract: This systemic review covers the design and critical elements of spray drying, types of spray drier, critical parameters of spray drying, innovations in spray drying, and its applications in pharmaceutical field

Abstract: An alkaline protease producing strain Aspergillus niger was isolated from local soil samples and enzyme production was optimized under submerged conditions. Maximum enzyme production of the culture occurred in mesophilic temperature 45°C and pH 8.5. Glucose and ammonium sulfate proved to be the best carbon and nitrogen sources respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme determined by SDS-PAGE was found to be 38 kDa. The enzyme acted optimally at pH 10 and 50°C. It was thermo stable and retained full activity even at the end of 1 hour of incubation at 40°C. It was inhibited by Cu ++ , Hg ++ , Zn ++ , EDTA and sodium azide. The enzyme retained more than 50% activity after 60 min incubation at 40°C in the presence of detergents such as Tide, Surf, Wheel and Henko indicating its suitability for application in detergent industry.

Abstract: In this present study forty nine different plants used in traditional Indian medicine were examined against Aspergillus niger using agar well diffusion method. The methanolic extracts of 43 plants exhibited varying degrees of inhibition activity against the fungi. Among the forty nine plants studied 86% of the plants had antifungal activity while the remaining 14% had no antifungal activity. The extract from Grewia arborea showed maximum activity. Emblica officinales, Heldigordia populipolia, Hyptis sueolences, Moringa heterophylla, Strychnos nuxvomica and Vitex negundo did not exhibit antifungal activity at the condition studied. Keywords: Aspergillus niger, Antifungal, medicinal plants

Abstract: Employee motivation is one of the important factors that can help the employer to improve employee and organizational performance Different theories of motivation are discussed The paper concludes that employee retention can be practiced better by motivating the employees in the following aspects: Open communication, Employee reward program, Career development program, Performance based bonus, Recreation facilities, Gifts at some occasions

Abstract: Compounds of pharmacological interest (tannins) were isolated from the plant species, Solanum trilobatum Linn and assayed against the bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogens, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris and Escherichia coli using agar diffusion method. Tannins exhibited antibacterial activities against all the tested microorganisms. S.aureus was the most resistant to tannins isolated from the plant material followed by Streptococcus pyrogens, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgari and Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Minimum inhibitory concentration of the tannins ranged between 1.0 and 2.0 mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration ranged between 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ml.