Showing papers in "Industrial Crops and Products in 2008"

TL;DR: Jatropha curcas, a multipurpose, drought resistant, perennial plant belonging to Euphorbiaceae family is gaining lot of importance for the production of biodiesel as mentioned in this paper, it is a tropical plant that can be grown in low to high rainfall areas either in the farms as a commercial crop or on the boundaries as a hedge to protect fields from grazing animals and to prevent erosion.

TL;DR: In this article, the structural characteristics and separation of lignin in the straws of corn, wheat, rice and flax are discussed, and the first attempt to generalize the information about the structure and processes for the separation of Lignin from hemicellulose and cellulose in lignocellulosic crop residues is made.

TL;DR: In this article, a survey and desk study was conducted to assess the changes and patterns in the utilisation of lignin with respect to materials applications and showed that over the last 10-15 years there has been an explosion of research into, and commercialisation of, lignins-based products and processes which add significant value to a material that was previously, and continues to be, used as a low-value fuel for pulping boilers.

TL;DR: In this article, a field experiment on a silty clay loam soil for 14 years was conducted to evaluate the impact of fertilizer nitrogen on the performance of a crop with a high level of sustainability for at least 14 years.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of experiments have been conducted to study the effects of different carbonization temperatures (400, 600, 800 and 1000°C) on characteristics of porosity in carbonized coconut shell char and activated carbon derived from carbonized coconuts with different activation times (30, 60, 90 and 120 min) at activation temperature of 900°C.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of N level on chlorophyll content, assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, substomatal CO2 concentration, and water use efficiency (WUE) have been determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, Chestnut (Castanea sativa) shell and eucalyptus (Eucaliaptus globulus) bark, waste products of the food and wood industries, respectively, were analysed as potential sources of antioxidant compounds.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of microwave radiation time and K2CO3/C ratio on the yield and adsorption capacities of activated carbons was evaluated, and the results indicated that the optimum conditions were as follow: microwave power 700 W, microwave radiation 30 min; K 2CO3 /C ratio 1.5:1.

TL;DR: In this paper, the properties of Salvia hispanica L. seeds were investigated and their application was also discussed, except for the angle of repose and static coefficient of friction, which were determined for the seed mixture.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of fiber type and loading rate on composite mechanical properties was investigated and the results showed that the use of fiber in both virgin and recycled high-density polyethylene (VHDPE and RHDPE) composites had comparable mechanical properties with those of wood composites.

TL;DR: In this article, the physical properties of jatropha seed were evaluated as a function of moisture content in the range of 4.75 to 19.57% d.w.

TL;DR: In this paper, the potential antioxidant and action of industrial lignins obtained from different sources: bagasse, lignosulfonate, curan, and steam explosion and their potential eye and skin irritation due to their possible topical applications.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different liquefaction conditions, such as ratio raw material/liquefying solvent, effect of PEG#400/glycerin, acid concentration, and time on the liquidation yield were investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, a thermogravimetric analysis of 17 organosolv lignin samples was carried out to determine their thermal stability and calculate the kinetic parameters of their pyrolysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of salt stress on leaf gas exchange, pigments, and dry matter accumulation of seedlings were evaluated by measuring physiological parameters at 38 and 59 days after germination.

TL;DR: In this article, a modification of the autohydrolysis reaction by the addition of either NaOH or 2-naphthol changes the mechanism such that less acidolysis and fewer lignin-lignin condensation reactions take place, and an almost complete delignification can be achieved.

TL;DR: In this paper, the lignin-Phenol formaldehyde (PF) resins have been used for applications in coating and composite materials, and thermal and rheological tests were performed with different wt% of Lignin substitution into PF resins.

TL;DR: In this article, wheat straw was investigated as a raw material for manufacturing medium density fiberboard (MDF) in a fully equipped pilot-plant and commercial urea melamine formaldehyde (UMF) and a mixture of UMF was used.

TL;DR: In this article, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) was applied to study the formation of lignin-based polyurethanes.

TL;DR: In this paper, a reference scenario of traditional hemp warm water retting was compared to: (1) bio-retting, i.e. hemp green scutching, (2) babyhemp, based on stand retting of pre-mature hemp, (3) dew retinding of flax, and overall neither of the alternative scenarios was unambiguously better than the reference.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of salinity on essential oil and fatty acid composition of Tunisian coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) leaves grown in hydroponic culture was investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the potential of high-value phytochemicals with medicinal and anti-phytopathogenic applications from grape cane waste and showed that trans-resveratrol and trans-ɛ-viniferin can be quantitatively extracted using low-cost, environmentally benign, and non-toxic aqueous alcoholic solvent systems such as ethanol:water mixtures.

TL;DR: The understanding of the allelochemical action mechanisms allow us to use these compounds to enhance crop production and develop a more sustainable agriculture, including weed and pest control through crop rotations, residue management and a variety of approaches in biocontrol.

TL;DR: The results showed that there is a high potential for saving water through longer irrigation intervals (e.g. 14 days) using locally adapted plants in the semi-arid conditions of Khorasan in Iran to serve as alternative sources of income in dry years.

TL;DR: In this paper, the final seed yield and quality of two local plant species were investigated under water deficit conditions over two growing seasons (2003 and 2004) in the northeast of Iran.

TL;DR: In this article, a general picture of new and eco-friendly products that have recently been produced through enzyme-based technologies and using industrial lignins as raw materials, namely for the production of lignin-based copolymers by grafting, binders for wood composites, chelating agents, compositions for treating porous materials, coatings and paintings, is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of initial lead ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and temperature on the removal of Pb(II) systematically were investigated to evaluate the effects.

TL;DR: In this paper, the equilibrium moisture contents of olive leaves were measured using the static gravimetric method, at water activities and temperatures ranging from 0.058 to 0.898 and from 30 to 50°C, respectively.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of press cycle time and resin content (RC) on some of the physical and mechanical properties of single-layer particleboard manufactured from low-quality raw materials were determined.

TL;DR: The higher antifungal activity of alkaline treated saponins is probably due to the formation of more hydrophobic saponin derivatives that may have a higher affinity with the sterols present in cell membranes.