Showing papers in "Intelligence in 2010"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the underlying mechanisms of transfer effect in two studies, and evaluated the transfer potential of a single n-back task, and showed that training on a single N-Back task yields the same improvement in fluid intelligence as training on dual N-back tasks, but that there should be less transfer to working memory capacity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided male-female ability ratios from over 1.6 million 7th grade students across 30 years (1981-2010) using multiple measures of math, verbal, and writing ability and science reasoning from the SAT and ACT.

TL;DR: In this article, the validity of the national IQs presented by Lynn and Vanhanen (2002) by examining whether they are consistent with the educational attainment of school students in math, science and reading comprehension in 108 countries and provinces.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated how working memory and fluid intelligence are related in young children and how these links develop over time, finding that cognitive control mechanisms rather than the storage component of working memory span tasks are the source of their link with fluid intelligence.

TL;DR: In this paper, a latent variable analysis was conducted to examine the nature of individual differences in lapses of attention and their relation to executive and fluid abilities, and the results were consistent with the idea that fluctuations or lapses in sustained attention, as indexed by the slowest responses, are related to executive control and fluid ability.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the debate about whether emotional intelligence has incremental validity over and above traditional intelligence dimensions and propose that emotional intelligence and general mental abilities differ in predicting academic performance and the quality of social interactions among college students.

TL;DR: The authors examined the prospective associations between family socio-economic background, childhood intelligence at age 11, educational and occupational attainment, and social attitudes at age 33 in a large sample of the British population born in 1958.

TL;DR: In this paper, regional differences in IQ are presented for 12 regions of Italy showing that IQs are highest in the north and lowest in the south, and that the lower IQ in southern Italy may be attributable to genetic admixture with populations from the Near East and North Africa.

TL;DR: This paper conducted a meta-analysis of nearly 40 studies, over 3000 subjects, including a diversity of unpublished research papers to finally clarify the scientific record about whether or not a specific Mozart effect exists.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors systematically review published empirical data on the performance of Africans on the following IQ tests: Draw-A-Man (DAM) test, Kaufman-Assessment Battery for Children (K-ABC), the Wechsler scales (WAIS & WISC), and several other IQ tests (but not the Raven's tests).

TL;DR: A complex sex × dimensionality × training × hemisphere interaction is observed showing that the hypothesized decrease of brain activation with training emerged for males in both 2D and 3D conditions, whereas for females this decrease was found only in the 3D but not with the 2D version of the MR task.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors considered the simultaneous relationship among intelligence, working memory capacity, and multitasking and found that intelligence and WMC are both related to multitasking, but only WMC predicts multitasking.

TL;DR: This paper found that education is not the strongest predictor of whether a non-economist will share the economic beliefs of the average economist, and that intelligence replaces education at the top of the list of variables that make people "think like economists".

TL;DR: In this article, a cross-sectional study of 11-year-olds (M = 133.5 months, SD = 3.5), at an age before substantive gender-related selection bias occurred.

TL;DR: This work investigates the age and ability differentiation hypotheses in a real data set using both a traditional method and the method of moderated factor analysis, and concludes that results concerning the traditional method can be misleading.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined whether various indices of interference control were related to one another and to other cognitive abilities and found that interference control measures were weakly correlated and could form a single factor that was related to overall memory performance on the tasks as well as to measures of working memory capacity and fluid and crystallized intelligence.

TL;DR: This article used multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis to assess the extent to which working memory could be considered a single latent ability as well as how its common and unique variance components varied with age.

TL;DR: Examination of the longitudinal causal relationship between self-perceived abilities (SPA) and academic achievement (Ach) while controlling for cognitive ability (CA) suggested that the link between SPA and Ach independent of CA is reflective of both "insight" and self-efficacy.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors created an index of well-being for the geographical and political subdivisions of the United States (i.e., states) based on hierarchical principal components analyses of state-level data on various hypothesized sub-domains of wellbeing, including general mental ability, education, economics, religiosity, health, and crime.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from two British birth cohort studies to test the hypothesis that a propensity to express generalized trust varies systematically as a function of individual intelligence, and found that standard measures of intelligence administered when cohort members were aged 10 and 11 can explain variability in expressed trust in early middle age, net of a broad range of theoretically related covariates.

TL;DR: The potential for identifying aspects of the neural basis of intelligence using a combination of structural and functional imaging is illustrated using a large set of tests completed by 6929 young adults.

TL;DR: In this article, a meta-analysis was conducted on the relationship between g and fluctuating asymmetry and found that the population correlation ranged from −.12 to −.20, with published studies showing larger magnitude negative correlations and unpublished studies yielding results closer to zero.

TL;DR: The authors found that social class of origin acts as ballast, restraining otherwise meritocratic social class movement, and that education is the primary means through which social class movements are restrained and facilitated.

TL;DR: This paper reported a study in which 288 university undergraduates completed the odd numbered items of four intelligence tests on time 1 and the even numbering items of the same tests one month later (time 2), in between, 173 participants completed three sessions, separated by exactly one week, comprising verbal, numerical, and spatial short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WMC) tasks imposing high processing demands.

TL;DR: The relationship between fertility and education has been described consistently in most countries of the world, but less is known about the relationship between intelligence and reproductive outcomes as discussed by the authors, and also the paths through which intelligence influences reproductive outcomes are uncertain.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors correct the false claim that g loadings and inbreeding depression scores correlate with the secular gains in IQ, and show that the benefits of heritable g are environmental in origin.

TL;DR: In this article, a birth cohort of 6281 men from Aberdeen, Scotland, were examined as predictors of status attainment in midlife (46 to 51 years) and found that education had the strongest direct effect on status attainment at midlife.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the relationship between structural knowledge, control performance and fluid intelligence in a complex problem solving (CPS) task and found that effective CPS requires a combination of task-specific knowledge and abstract thinking skills.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the NLSYC data can be used as a natural laboratory to study more subtle FE patterns within various demographic subgroups, and both the positive and the null findings are interpreted in relation to previous theoretical explanations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the relationship between home-country national intelligence and self-employment rates among first generation immigrants in Norway and found that the immigrants' national intelligence was positively associated with self-employment.