Showing papers in "International Journal for Parasitology in 2013"

TL;DR: A better understanding of the genetics of this parasite is required to allow the design of more sensitive and variable subtyping tools, that in turn may help unravel the complex epidemiology of this infection.

TL;DR: This estimate of global losses due to N. caninum, with the identification of clear target markets (countries, as well as cattle industries), should provide an incentive to develop treatment options and/or vaccines.

TL;DR: The development of molecular tools should lead to new and improved strategies for the treatment, diagnosis and control of toxocariasis and the role of other ascaridoid species in the epidemiology of Toxocara spp.

TL;DR: The immunological pathways that helminths exploit to downregulate immune responses, both against bystander specificities such as allergens and against antigens from the parasites themselves are reviewed.

TL;DR: The orthodox taxonomy of Echinococcus established from morphological criteria has been revised from the standpoint of phylogenetic systematics and nine valid species including newly resurrected taxa are recognised as a result of the revision.

TL;DR: An overview of the complex ecological systems defining the various epidemiological cycles of tick-borne diseases and the dynamic nature of such systems, especially when they are under the influence of both small and large-scale anthropogenic changes to the environment is provided.

TL;DR: This review examines parasite zoonoses and wildlife in the context of the One Health triad that encompasses humans, domestic animals, wildlife and the changing ecosystems in which they live to discuss emerging issues, particularly the need for parasite surveillance of wildlife populations.

TL;DR: The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (cox1) is established as a novel genetic marker for Sarcocystis spp.

TL;DR: The comparative epidemiology of these three taxa comparing in detail the use of first, second and final animal hosts, and the potential role of humans in spreading these pathogens is considered.

TL;DR: This work has ventured to present an up-to-date assessment of the taxonomy, phylogenetic relationships and epidemiology of the genus Trichinella with additional insights on host species, survival strategies in nature and the shortcomings of the current understanding of the epidemiology.

TL;DR: Implementation of management factors such as biosecure confinement housing are important in reducing the levels of infection in animals destined for human consumption, including pigs, chickens, lambs and goats.

TL;DR: Available species information together with the most commonly used genetic markers enabling the identification of named Cryptosporidium spp.

TL;DR: The control of this zoonosis necessitates an integrated and inter-sectorial "One Health" approach be adopted in communities where large numbers of dogs share a close relationship with humans.

TL;DR: Taenia taeniaeformis has been historically regarded as a single species but the present data clearly demonstrate that it consists of two cryptic species.

TL;DR: It is proposed that loss of exposure to helminths permits development of IBD and some of the immune regulatory mechanisms elicited by helminth exposure that suppress inappropriate intestinal inflammation are identified.

TL;DR: Two of the species and 10 of the lineages (arguably species) delineated in the datasets studied originate from central and northern Europe thus indicating a substantial unrecognized genetic diversity inferred from molecular evidence on Diplostomum spp.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that glycans of T. suis SPs contribute significantly to the suppression of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression in DCs of a broad variety of cytokines and chemokines, including important pro-inflammatory mediators, which indicates that helminth glycans contribute to the dampening of inflammation in a wide range of human inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: Considering the high reproduction of E. multilocularis in domestic dogs which live in close contact to humans, a monthly deworming scheme for domestic dogs with access to rodents is likely to be of high importance and long-term baiting campaigns are actually the most effective tool to significantly lower the infection pressure with parasite eggs.

TL;DR: To date helminth therapy appears safe and preliminary clinical, magnetic resonance imaging and immunological outcomes have generally been favourable, Nevertheless, serious adverse effects are always possible, particularly with live parasitic administration.

TL;DR: Current knowledge on Anisakis as a food-borne parasite is outlined, with special focus on the underlying immunological mechanisms resulting in allergic host defence responses.

TL;DR: Some recent advances in Babesia research are described and some important challenges for the future are highlighted, which will facilitate better understanding of the parasite.

TL;DR: Deep sequenced the transcriptomes of the protozoan during two environmental stimuli of the early infection process: exposure to oxygen and contact with vaginal epithelial cells, uncover gene family expression regulation in this parasite and give evidence for a concentrated response to the individual stimuli.

TL;DR: BLAST analysis indicated that sequenced isolates belong to the Echinococcus granulosus (G6) genotype, a strong indication that G6 has a higher affinity for the human brain than G1.

TL;DR: The use of live helminth infections is currently in clinical trials as a novel approach for the treatment of a range of allergic and autoimmune diseases, and recent discoveries of a number of novel immune cell populations highlight the need to further understand the underlying mechanism behind the desirable therapeutic effects that helminths offer.

TL;DR: Results show that species determination does not need to be included in routine Cryptosporidium diagnostic procedures in order to estimate the clinical relevance of infection in diarrhoeal calves, and the indicated pathogenic potential of C. bovis-infected calves warrants further attention.

TL;DR: 18S rDNA sequences are not reliable molecular markers to be used alone for species identification with coccidia, although 18S r DNA sequences have clear utility for phylogenetic reconstruction of apicomplexan parasites at the genus and higher taxonomic ranks.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the PrioCHECK® Toxoplasma Ab porcine ELISA may be a useful tool to perform serological diagnosis of T. gondii infections in pigs to control T Oxoplasma infection in pigs and humans.

TL;DR: Results of inter-locus and intra-ZPT linkage disequilibrium and recombination analyses indicated that the heterogeneity within IIaA15G2R1 and discordance in typing results among genetic loci were largely due to the occurrence of genetic recombination, mostly within the gp60 subtype IIa a15G1R1 subtype.

TL;DR: The present study complements the previous findings that Borrelia-infected nymphs had higher survival times under desiccating conditions and walked less within a humidity gradient and bioenergetics calculations suggest that BorRELia spirochetes consume a negligible fraction of the tick energy reserves.

TL;DR: It is proposed that by inducing an immune response that includes IL-22, intestinal helminths may enhance the mucosal barrier function of the intestinal epithelium and restore the mucosa microbiota populations from dysbiosis associated with colitis and improve intestinal homeostasis.