Showing papers in "International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications in 2016"

A Survey on Big Data Analytics: Challenges, Open Research Issues and Tools

Abstract: A huge repository of terabytes of data is generated each day from modern information systems and digital technolo-gies such as Internet of Things and cloud computing. Analysis of these massive data requires a lot of efforts at multiple levels to extract knowledge for decision making. Therefore, big data analysis is a current area of research and development. The basic objective of this paper is to explore the potential impact of big data challenges, open research issues, and various tools associated with it. As a result, this article provides a platform to explore big data at numerous stages. Additionally, it opens a new horizon for researchers to develop the solution, based on the challenges and open research issues.

Optimal Path Planning using RRT* based Approaches: A Survey and Future Directions

Abstract: Optimal path planning refers to find the collision free, shortest, and smooth route between start and goal positions. This task is essential in many robotic applications such as autonomous car, surveillance operations, agricultural robots, planetary and space exploration missions. Rapidly-exploring Random Tree Star (RRT*) is a renowned sampling based planning approach. It has gained immense popularity due to its support for high dimensional complex problems. A significant body of research has addressed the problem of optimal path planning for mobile robots using RRT* based approaches. However, no updated survey on RRT* based approaches is available. Considering the rapid pace of development in this field, this paper presents a comprehensive review of RRT* based path planning approaches. Current issues relevant to noticeable advancements in the field are investigated and whole discussion is concluded with challenges and future research directions.

Educational Data Mining & Students’ Performance Prediction

Abstract: It is important to study and analyse educational data especially students’ performance. Educational Data Mining (EDM) is the field of study concerned with mining educational data to find out interesting patterns and knowledge in educational organizations. This study is equally concerned with this subject, specifically, the students’ performance. This study explores multiple factors theoretically assumed to affect students’ performance in higher education, and finds a qualitative model which best classifies and predicts the students’ performance based on related personal and social factors.

Detecting Distributed Denial of Service Attacks Using Data Mining Techniques

Abstract: Users and organizations find it continuously challenging to deal with distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks. . The security engineer works to keep a service available at all times by dealing with intruder attacks. The intrusion-detection system (IDS) is one of the solutions to detecting and classifying any anomalous behavior. The IDS system should always be updated with the latest intruder attack deterrents to preserve the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the service. In this paper, a new dataset is collected because there were no common data sets that contain modern DDoS attacks in different network layers, such as (SIDDoS, HTTP Flood). This work incorporates three well-known classification techniques: Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Naive Bayes and Random Forest. The experimental results show that MLP achieved the highest accuracy rate (98.63%).

Text Mining: Techniques, Applications and Issues

Abstract: Rapid progress in digital data acquisition tech-niques have led to huge volume of data. More than 80 percent of today’s data is composed of unstructured or semi-structured data. The discovery of appropriate patterns and trends to analyze the text documents from massive volume of data is a big issue. Text mining is a process of extracting interesting and non-trivial patterns from huge amount of text documents. There exist different techniques and tools to mine the text and discover valuable information for future prediction and decision making process. The selection of right and appropriate text mining technique helps to enhance the speed and decreases the time and effort required to extract valuable information. This paper briefly discuss and analyze the text mining techniques and their applications in diverse fields of life. Moreover, the issues in the field of text mining that affect the accuracy and relevance of results are identified.

Data Security, Privacy, Availability and Integrity in Cloud Computing: Issues and Current Solutions

Abstract: Cloud computing changed the world around us. Now people are moving their data to the cloud since data is getting bigger and needs to be accessible from many devices. Therefore, storing the data on the cloud becomes a norm. However, there are many issues that counter data stored in the cloud starting from virtual machine which is the mean to share resources in cloud and ending on cloud storage itself issues. In this paper, we present those issues that are preventing people from adopting the cloud and give a survey on solutions that have been done to minimize risks of these issues. For example, the data stored in the cloud needs to be confidential, preserving integrity and available. Moreover, sharing the data stored in the cloud among many users is still an issue since the cloud service provider is untrustworthy to manage authentication and authorization. In this paper, we list issues related to data stored in cloud storage and solutions to those issues which differ from other papers which focus on cloud as general.

Smart Cities: A Survey on Security Concerns

Abstract: A smart city is developed, deployed and maintained with the help of Internet of Things (IoT). The smart cities have become an emerging phenomena with rapid urban growth and boost in the field of information technology. However, the function and operation of a smart city is subject to the pivotal development of security architectures. The contribution made in this paper is twofold. Firstly, it aims to provide a detailed, categorized and comprehensive overview of the research on security problems and their existing solutions for smart cities. The categorization is based on several factors such as governance, socioeconomic and technological factors. This classification provides an easy and concise view of the security threats, vulnerabilities and available solutions for the respective technologies areas that are proposed over the period 2010-2015. Secondly, an IoT testbed for smart cities architecture, i.e., SmartSantander is also analyzed with respect to security threats and vulnerabilities to smart cities. The existing best practices regarding smart city security are discussed and analyzed with respect to their performance, which could be used by different stakeholders of the smart cities.

Android Malware Detection & Protection: A Survey

Abstract: Android has become the most popular smartphone operating system. This rapidly increasing adoption of Android has resulted in significant increase in the number of malwares when compared with previous years. There exist lots of antimalware programs which are designed to effectively protect the users’ sensitive data in mobile systems from such attacks. In this paper, our contribution is twofold. Firstly, we have analyzed the Android malwares and their penetration techniques used for attacking the systems and antivirus programs that act against malwares to protect Android systems. We categorize many of the most recent antimalware techniques on the basis of their detection methods. We aim to provide an easy and concise view of the malware detection and protection mechanisms and deduce their benefits and limitations. Secondly, we have forecast Android market trends for the year up to 2018 and provide a unique hybrid security solution and take into account both the static and dynamic analysis an android application.

Internet of Things based Expert System for Smart Agriculture

Abstract: Agriculture sector is evolving with the advent of the information and communication technology. Efforts are being made to enhance the productivity and reduce losses by using the state of the art technology and equipment. As most of the farmers are unaware of the technology and latest practices, many expert systems have been developed in the world to facilitate the farmers. However, these expert systems rely on the stored knowledge base. We propose an expert system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) that will use the input data collected in real time. It will help to take proactive and preventive actions to minimize the losses due to diseases and insects/pests.

A Hybrid Data Mining Approach for Intrusion Detection on Imbalanced NSL-KDD Dataset

Abstract: Intrusion detection systems aim to detect malicious viruses from computer and network traffic, which is not possible using common firewall. Most intrusion detection systems are developed based on machine learning techniques. Since datasets which used in intrusion detection are imbalanced, in the previous methods, the accuracy of detecting two attack classes, R2L and U2R, is lower than that of the normal and other attack classes. In order to overcome this issue, this study employs a hybrid approach. This hybrid approach is a combination of synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) and cluster center and nearest neighbor (CANN). Important features are selected using leave one out method (LOO). Moreover, this study employs NSL KDD dataset. Results indicate that the proposed method improves the accuracy of detecting U2R and R2L attacks in comparison to the baseline paper by 94% and 50%, respectively

Genetic-Based Task Scheduling Algorithm in Cloud Computing Environment

Abstract: Nowadays, Cloud computing is widely used in companies and enterprises. However, there are some challenges in using Cloud computing. The main challenge is resource management, where Cloud computing provides IT resources (e.g., CPU, Memory, Network, Storage, etc.) based on virtualization concept and pay-as-you-go principle. The management of these resources has been a topic of much research. In this paper, a task scheduling algorithm based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been introduced for allocating and executing an application’s tasks. The aim of this proposed algorithm is to minimize the completion time and cost of tasks, and maximize resource utilization. The performance of this proposed algorithm has been evaluated using CloudSim toolkit.

An Automated Recommender System for Course Selection

Abstract: Most of electronic commerce and knowledge management` systems use recommender systems as the underling tools for identifying a set of items that will be of interest to a certain user. Collaborative recommender systems recommend items based on similarities and dissimilarities among users’ preferences. This paper presents a collaborative recommender system that recommends university elective courses to students by exploiting courses that other similar students had taken. The proposed system employs an association rules mining algorithm as an underlying technique to discover patterns between courses. Experiments were conducted with real datasets to assess the overall performance of the proposed approach.

Applying Chatbots to the Internet of Things: Opportunities and Architectural Elements

Abstract: Internet of Things (IoT) is emerging as a significant technology in shaping the future by connecting physical devices or things with the web. It also presents various opportunities for the intersection of other technological trends which can allow it to become even more intelligent and efficient. In this paper, we focus our attention on the integration of Intelligent Conversational Software Agents or Chatbots with IoT. Prior literature has covered various applications, features, underlying technologies and known challenges of IoT. On the other hand, Chatbots are a relatively new concept, being widely adopted due to significant progress in the development of platforms and frameworks. The novelty of this paper lies in the specific integration of Chatbots in the IoT scenario. We analyzed the shortcomings of existing IoT systems and put forward ways to tackle them by incorporating chatbots. A general architecture is proposed for implementing such a system, as well as platforms and frameworks – both commercial and open source – which allow for the implementation of such systems. Identification of the newer challenges and possible future research directions with this new integration have also been addressed.

Pricing Schemes in Cloud Computing: An Overview

Abstract: Cloud Computing is one of the technologies with rapid development in recent years where there is increasing interest in industry and academia. This technology enables many services and resources for end users. With the rise of cloud services number of companies that offer various services in cloud infrastructure is increased, thus creating a competition on prices in the global market. Cloud Computing providers offer more services to their clients ranging from infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), software as a service (SaaS), storage as a service (STaaS), security as a service (SECaaS), test environment as a service (TEaaS). The purpose of providers is to maximize revenue by their price schemes, while the main goal of customers is to have quality of services (QoS) for a reasonable price. The purpose of this paper is to compare and discuss several models and pricing schemes from different Cloud Computing providers.

Face Detection and Recognition Using Viola-Jones with PCA-LDA and Square Euclidean Distance

Abstract: In this paper, an automatic face recognition system is proposed based on appearance-based features that focus on the entire face image rather than local facial features. The first step in face recognition system is face detection. Viola-Jones face detection method that capable of processing images extremely while achieving high detection rates is used. This method has the most impact in the 2000’s and known as the first object detection framework to provide relevant object detection that can run in real time. Feature extraction and dimension reduction method will be applied after face detection. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method is widely used in pattern recognition. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) method that used to overcome drawback the PCA has been successfully applied to face recognition. It is achieved by projecting the image onto the Eigenface space by PCA after that implementing pure LDA over it. Square Euclidean Distance (SED) is used. The distance between two images is a major concern in pattern recognition. The distance between the vectors of two images leads to image similarity. The proposed method is tested on three databases (MUCT, Face94, and Grimace). Different number of training and testing images are used to evaluate the system performance and it show that increasing the number of training images will increase the recognition rate.

Diagnosing Coronary Heart Disease using Ensemble Machine Learning

Abstract: Globally, heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women. One in every four people is afflicted with and dies of heart disease. Early and accurate diagnoses of heart disease thus are crucial in improving the chances of long-term survival for patients and saving millions of lives. In this research, an advanced ensemble machine learning technology, utilizing an adaptive Boosting algorithm, is developed for accurate coronary heart disease diagnosis and outcome predictions. The developed ensemble learning classification and prediction models were applied to 4 different data sets for coronary heart disease diagnosis, including patients diagnosed with heart disease from Cleveland Clinic Foundation (CCF), Hungarian Institute of Cardiology (HIC), Long Beach Medical Center (LBMC), and Switzerland University Hospital (SUH). The testing results showed that the developed ensemble learning classification and prediction models achieved model accuracies of 80.14% for CCF, 89.12% for HIC, 77.78% for LBMC, and 96.72% for SUH, exceeding the accuracies of previously published research. Therefore, coronary heart disease diagnoses derived from the developed ensemble learning classification and prediction models are reliable and clinically useful, and can aid patients globally, especially those from developing countries and areas where there are few heart disease diagnostic specialists.

Enhancement Bag-of-Words Model for Solving the Challenges of Sentiment Analysis

Abstract: Sentiment analysis is a branch of natural language processing, or machine learning methods. It becomes one of the most important sources in decision making. It can extract, identify, evaluate or otherwise characterizes from the online sentiments reviews. Although Bag-Of-Words model is the most widely used technique for sentiment analysis, it has two major weaknesses: using a manual evaluation for a lexicon in determining the evaluation of words and analyzing sentiments with low accuracy because of neglecting the language grammar effects of the words and ignore semantics of the words. In this paper, we propose a new technique to evaluate online sentiments in one topic domain and produce a solution for some significant sentiment analysis challenges that improves the accuracy of sentiment analysis performed. The proposed technique relies on the enhancement bag-of-words model for evaluating sentiment polarity and score automatically by using the words weight instead of term frequency. This technique also can classify the reviews based on features and keywords of the scientific topic domain. This paper introduces solutions for essential sentiment analysis challenges that are suitable for the review structure. It also examines the effects by the proposed enhancement model to reach higher accuracy.

A New Artificial Neural Networks Approach for Diagnosing Diabetes Disease Type II

Abstract: Diabetes is one of the major health problems as it causes physical disability and even death in people. Therefore, to diagnose this dangerous disease better, methods with minimum error rate must be used. Different models of artificial neural networks have the capability to diagnose this disease with minimum error. Hence, in this paper we have used probabilistic artificial neural networks for an approach to diagnose diabetes disease type II. We took advantage of Pima Indians Diabetes dataset with 768 samples in our experiments. According to this dataset, PNN is implemented in MATLAB. Furthermore, maximizing accuracy of diagnosing the Diabetes disease type II in training and testing the Pima Indians Diabetes dataset is the performance measure in this paper. Finally, we concluded that training accuracy and testing accuracy of the proposed method is 89.56% and 81.49%, respectively

Data Mining in Education

Abstract: Data mining techniques are used to extract useful knowledge from raw data. The extracted knowledge is valuable and significantly affects the decision maker. Educational data mining (EDM) is a method for extracting useful information that could potentially affect an organization. The increase of technology use in educational systems has led to the storage of large amounts of student data, which makes it important to use EDM to improve teaching and learning processes. EDM is useful in many different areas including identifying at-risk students, identifying priority learning needs for different groups of students, increasing graduation rates, effectively assessing institutional performance, maximizing campus resources, and optimizing subject curriculum renewal. This paper surveys the relevant studies in the EDM field and includes the data and methodologies used in those studies

An Item-based Multi-Criteria Collaborative Filtering Algorithm for Personalized Recommender Systems

Abstract: Recommender Systems are used to mitigate the information overload problem in different domains by providing personalized recommendations for particular users based on their implicit and explicit preferences. However, Item-based Collaborative Filtering (CF) techniques, as the most popular techniques of recommender systems, suffer from sparsity and new item limitations which result in producing inaccurate recommendations. The use of items’ semantic information besides the inclusion of multi-criteria ratings can successfully alleviate such problems and generate more accurate recommendations. This paper proposes an Item-based Multi-Criteria Collaborative Filtering algorithm that integrates the items’ semantic information and multi-criteria ratings of items to lessen known limitations of the item-based CF techniques. According to the experimental results, the proposed algorithm prove to be very effective in terms of dealing with both of the sparsity and new item problems and therefore produce more accurate recommendations when compared to standard item-based CF techniques.

A Subset Feature Elimination Mechanism for Intrusion Detection System

Abstract: several studies have suggested that by selecting relevant features for intrusion detection system, it is possible to considerably improve the detection accuracy and performance of the detection engine. Nowadays with the emergence of new technologies such as Cloud Computing or Big Data, large amount of network traffic are generated and the intrusion detection system must dynamically collected and analyzed the data produce by the incoming traffic. However in a large dataset not all features contribute to represent the traffic, therefore reducing and selecting a number of adequate features may improve the speed and accuracy of the intrusion detection system. In this study, a feature selection mechanism has been proposed which aims to eliminate non-relevant features as well as identify the features which will contribute to improve the detection rate, based on the score each features have established during the selection process. To achieve that objective, a recursive feature elimination process was employed and associated with a decision tree based classifier and later on, the suitable relevant features were identified. This approach was applied on the NSL-KDD dataset which is an improved version of the previous KDD 1999 Dataset, scikit-learn that is a machine learning library written in python was used in this paper. Using this approach, relevant features were identified inside the dataset and the accuracy rate was improved. These results lend to support the idea that features selection improve significantly the classifier performance. Understanding the factors that help identify relevant features will allow the design of a better intrusion detection system.

Prediction of Mental Health Problems Among Children Using Machine Learning Techniques

Abstract: Early diagnosis of mental health problems helps the professionals to treat it at an earlier stage and improves the patients’ quality of life. So, there is an urgent need to treat basic mental health problems that prevail among children which may lead to complicated problems, if not treated at an early stage. Machine learning Techniques are currently well suited for analyzing medical data and diagnosing the problem. This research has identified eight machine learning techniques and has compared their performances on different measures of accuracy in diagnosing five basic mental health problems. A data set consisting of sixty cases is collected for training and testing the performance of the techniques. Twenty-five attributes have been identified as important for diagnosing the problem from the documents. The attributes have been reduced by applying Feature Selection algorithms over the full attribute data set. The accuracy over the full attribute set and selected attribute set on various machine learning techniques have been compared. It is evident from the results that the three classifiers viz., Multilayer Perceptron, Multiclass Classifier and LAD Tree produced more accurate results and there is only a slight difference between their performances over full attribute set and selected attribute set.

A New Approach for Improvement Security against DoS Attacks in Vehicular Ad-hoc Network

Abstract: Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks (VANET) are a proper subset of mobile wireless networks, where nodes are revulsive, the vehicles are armed with special electronic devices on the motherboard OBU (On Board Unit) which enables them to trasmit and receive messages from other vehicles in the VANET. Furthermore the communication between the vehicles, the VANET interface is donated by the contact points with road infrastructure. VANET is a subgroup of MANETs. Unlike the MANETs nodes, VANET nodes are moving very fast. Impound a permanent route for the dissemination of emergency messages and alerts from a danger zone is a very challenging task. Therefore, routing plays a significant duty in VANETs. decreasing network overhead, avoiding network congestion, increasing traffic congestion and packet delivery ratio are the most important issues associated with routing in VANETs. In addition, VANET network is subject to various security attacks. In base VANET systems, an algorithm is used to dicover attacks at the time of confirmation in which overhead delay occurs. This paper proposes (P-Secure) approach which is used for the detection of DoS attacks before the confirmation time. This reduces the overhead delays for processing and increasing the security in VANETs. Simulation results show that the P-Secure approach, is more efficient than OBUmodelVaNET approach in terms of PDR, e2e_delay, throughput and drop packet rate.

A Comparative Study of Classification Algorithms using Data Mining: Crime and Accidents in Denver City the USA

Abstract: In the last five years, crime and accidents rates have increased in many cities of America. The advancement of new technologies can also lead to criminal misuse. In order to reduce incidents, there is a need to understand and examine emerging patterns of criminal activities. This paper analyzed crime and accident datasets from Denver City, USA during 2011 to 2015 consisting of 372,392 instances of crime. The dataset is analyzed by using a number of Classification Algorithms. The aim of this study is to highlight trends of incidents that will in return help security agencies and police department to discover precautionary measures from prediction rates. The classification of algorithms used in this study is to assess trends and patterns that are assessed by BayesNet, NaiveBayes, J48, JRip, OneR and Decision Table. The output that has been used in this study, are correct classification, incorrect classification, True Positive Rate (TP), False Positive Rate (FP), Precision (P), Recall (R) and F-measure (F). These outputs are captured by using two different test methods: k-fold cross-validation and percentage split. Outputs are then compared to understand the classifier performances. Our analysis illustrates that JRip has classified the highest number of correct classifications by 73.71% followed by decision table with 73.66% of correct predictions, whereas OneR produced the least number of correct predictions with 64.95%. NaiveBayes took the least time of 0.57 sec to build the model and perform classification when compared to all the classifiers. The classifier stands out producing better results among all the classification methods. This study would be helpful for security agencies and police department to discover data patterns and analyze trending criminal activity from prediction rates.

A Survey on Case-based Reasoning in Medicine

Abstract: Case-based reasoning (CBR) based on the memory-centered cognitive model is a strategy that focuses on how people learn a new skill or how they generate hypothesis on new situations based on their past experiences. Among various Artificial Intelligence tracks, CBR, due to its intrinsic similarity with the human reasoning process has been very promising in the utilization of intelligent systems in various domains, in particular in the domain of medicine. In this paper, we extensively survey the literature on CBR systems that are used in the medical domain over the past few decades. We also discuss the difficulties of implementing CBR in medicine and outline opportunities for future work.

The SVM Classifier Based on the Modified Particle Swarm Optimization

Abstract: The problem of development of the SVM classifier based on the modified particle swarm optimization has been considered. This algorithm carries out the simultaneous search of the kernel function type, values of the kernel function parameters and value of the regularization parameter for the SVM classifier. Such SVM classifier provides the high quality of data classification. The idea of particles' «regeneration» is put on the basis of the modified particle swarm optimization algorithm. At the realization of this idea, some particles change their kernel function type to the one which corresponds to the particle with the best value of the classification accuracy. The offered particle swarm optimization algorithm allows reducing the time expenditures for development of the SVM classifier. The results of experimental studies confirm the efficiency of this algorithm.

Data Mining and Intrusion Detection Systems

Abstract: The rapid evolution of technology and the increased connectivity among its components, imposes new cyber-security challenges. To tackle this growing trend in computer attacks and respond threats, industry professionals and academics are joining forces in order to build Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) that combine high accuracy with low complexity and time efficiency. The present article gives an overview of existing Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) along with their main principles. Also this article argues whether data mining and its core feature which is knowledge discovery can help in creating Data mining based IDSs that can achieve higher accuracy to novel types of intrusion and demonstrate more robust behaviour compared to traditional IDSs.

Data Security Using Cryptography and Steganography Techniques

Abstract: Although cryptography and steganography could be used to provide data security, each of them has a problem. Cryptography problem is that, the cipher text looks meaningless, so the attacker will interrupt the transmission or make more careful checks on the data from the sender to the receiver. Steganography problem is that once the presence of hidden information is revealed or even suspected, the message is become known. According to the work in this paper, a merged technique for data security has been proposed using Cryptography and Steganography techniques to improve the security of the information. Firstly, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm has been modified and used to encrypt the secret message. Secondly, the encrypted message has been hidden using method in [1]. Therefore, two levels of security have been provided using the proposed hybrid technique. In addition, the proposed technique provides high embedding capacity and high quality stego images

Flying Ad-Hoc Networks: Routing Protocols, Mobility Models, Issues

Abstract: Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs) is a group of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAVs) which completed their work without human intervention. There are some problems in this kind of networks: the first one is the communication between (UAVs). Various routing protocols introduced classified into three categories, static, proactive, reactive routing protocols in order to solve this problem. The second problem is the network design, which depends on the network mobility, in which is the process of cooperation and collaboration between the UAV. Mobility model of FANET is introduced in order to solve this problem. In Mobility Model, the path and speed variations of the UAV and represents their position are defined. As of today, Random Way Point Model is utilized as manufactured one for Mobility in the greater part of recreation situations. The Arbitrary Way Point model is not relevant for the UAV in light of the fact that UAV do not alter their course and versatility, speed quickly at one time because of this reason, we consider more practical models, called Semi-Random Circular Movement (SRCM) Mobility Model. Also, we consider different portability models, Mission Plan-Based (MPB) Mobility Model, Pheromone-Based Model. Moreover, Paparazzi Mobility Model (PPRZM). This paper presented and discussed the main routing protocols and main mobility models used to solve the communication, cooperation, and collaboration in FANET networks

Improved Sliding Mode Nonlinear Extended State Observer based Active Disturbance Rejection Control for Uncertain Systems with Unknown Total Disturbance

Abstract: This paper presents a new strategy for the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) of a general uncertain system with unknown bounded disturbance based on a nonlinear sliding mode extended state observer (SMESO). Firstly, a nonlinear extended state observer is synthesized using sliding mode technique for a general uncertain system assuming asymptotic stability. Then the convergence characteristics of the estimation error are analyzed by Lyapunov strategy. It revealed that the proposed SMESO is asymptotically stable and accurately estimates the states of the system in addition to estimating the total disturbance. Then, an ADRC is implemented by using a nonlinear state error feedback (NLSEF) controller; that is suggested by J. Han and the proposed SMESO to control and actively reject the total disturbance of a permanent magnet DC (PMDC) motor. These disturbances caused by the unknown exogenous disturbances and the matched uncertainties of the controlled model. The proposed SMESO is compared with the linear extended state observer (LESO). Through digital simulations using MATLAB / SIMULINK, the chattering phenomenon has been reduced dramatically on the control input channel compared to LESO. Finally, the closed-loop system exhibits a high immunity to torque disturbance and quite robustness to matched uncertainties in the system.