Showing papers in "International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents in 2020"

TL;DR: Among patients with pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus pneumonia or Wuhan pneumonia), fever was the most common symptom, followed by cough, and bilateral lung involvement with ground-glass opacity was themost common finding from computed tomography images of the chest.

TL;DR: Hydroxychloroquine treatment is significantly associated with viral load reduction/disappearance in COVID-19 patients and its effect is reinforced by azithromycin, which was significantly more efficient for virus elimination.

TL;DR: Tocilizumab is a blocker of IL-6R, which can effectively block IL- 6 signal transduction pathway, and is likely to become an effective drug for patients with severe COVID-19.

TL;DR: The possible mechanisms of chloroquine interference with the SARS-CoV-2 replication cycle are discussed, which could lead to new therapies able to counter the most severe effects of the disease.

TL;DR: This review systematically summarizes the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of knowledge surrounding COVID-19 in the hope of helping the public effectively recognize and deal with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and providing a reference for future studies.

TL;DR: Intensive research on the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms and epidemiological characteristics and to identify potential drug targets, which will contribute to the development of effective prevention and treatment strategies.

TL;DR: The Covid-19 pandemic triggered, more frequently, anxiety, depression, stress and post-traumatic stress disorders in the general population and health professionals Women, students and nurses are among the most affected.

TL;DR: Treatment options for COVID-19 infection, including antiviral agents, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids, antibodies, convalescent plasma transfusion and vaccines, are discussed in this article.

TL;DR: A new type of ganglioside-binding domain at the tip of the N-terminal domain of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein was identified, which is fully conserved among clinical isolates worldwide and may improve attachment of the virus to lipid rafts and facilitate contact with the ACE-2 receptor.

TL;DR: The novel coronavirus currently isolated in China as been evaluated regarding its sensitivity o already used drugs, and the new antiviral drug remdeivir as well as chloroquine, at an EC 50 of 1.1 μM, were found to be effective in preventing replication of this virus.

TL;DR: The existing treatment is essentially supportive and role of antiviral agents is yet to be established as there is no vaccination or therapy available, and this review focuses on epidemiology, symptoms, transmission, pathogenesis, ongoing available treatments and future perspectives of SARS-CoV-2.

TL;DR: Although China had higher morbidity and mortality than other sites, the number of new daily cases in China has been lower than outside of China since 26 February 2020, and the incidence and mortality were correlated with the DCI.

TL;DR: Wu et al. as discussed by the authors reviewed the literature on an existing but not approved antiviral agent, remdesivir, which exhibits promising in vitro antiviral activity and preliminary clinical experiences in the treatment of COVID-19.

TL;DR: This comprehensive review of the extra-respiratory manifestations of CO VID-19 is intended to help clinicians better understand the range of clinical presentations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, allowing the consideration of COVID-19 in differential diagnoses.

TL;DR: The role of immunomodulatory agents to reduce the cytokine storm in severe cases of COVID-19 is discussed and other immunommodulatory agents with good safety profiles may be considered for use in combination with antiviral drugs for the treatment of severe or critical cases.

TL;DR: A case of a patient hospitalized in December 2019 in intensive care for hemoptysis with no etiological diagnosis and for which RT-PCR was performed retrospectively on the stored respiratory sample which confirmed the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection appears to have started much earlier.

TL;DR: Tericoplanin, an antibiotic used to treat staphylococcal infections, previously showed efficacy to inhibit the first stage of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) viral life cycle in human cells, thus placing teicoplanin as a potential treatment for patients with this virus.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that procalcitonin may be an indicator of severity and may contribute to determining the severity of patients infected with COVID-19; moreover, serial procalCitonin measurements may be useful in predicting prognosis.

TL;DR: It was found luteolin could bind to the same sites of main protease of SARS-CoV-2 as the control molecular with a high affinity, and is a potential antiviral molecule worthy of attention.

TL;DR: This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record.

TL;DR: Structural and molecular dynamics studies show how Arbidol targets the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and impede the trimerization of spike Glycoprotein, which is a key for host cell adhesion and hijacking, thus placing Ar bidol as a potential drug for repurposing.

TL;DR: Key evidence from in vitro researches, animal models and clinical researches in emerging coronaviruses are examined and Xuebijing may benefit patients with complications of bacterial pneumonia or sepsis and the efficacy of interferon is unclear.

TL;DR: Based on low-quality evidence, there is no conclusive evidence that tocilizumab would provide any additional benefit to patients with severe COVID-19 and further recommendation of tocilIZumab for CO VID-19 cases should be halted until high- quality evidence from randomized controlled trials is made available.

TL;DR: A series of available studies by global scientists on the clinical manifestations, detection methods and treatment options for the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and also propose potential strategies for preventing the infection are scrutinised.

TL;DR: Ribavirin was not associated with reduced negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 PCR test compared with the control group and did not reduce the mortality rate compared withThe control group.

TL;DR: Lf possesses unique immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects that may be especially relevant to the pathophysiology of severe COVID-19 cases, and its unique potential as a preventative and adjunct treatment for CO VID-19 is proposed.

TL;DR: A deeper understanding of the underlying factors driving the success of high-risk clones, including the reported increased capacity for acquiring exogenous determinants, increased spontaneous mutation rates or higher ability to develop biofilms is required to develop global strategies to combat them.

TL;DR: The authors conclude that hydroxychloroquine is efficient in clearing viral nasopharyngeal carriage of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 patients in only three to six days, which is reinforced in those also using azithromycin.

TL;DR: Compared to supportive care only, low-dose HCQ monotherapy was independently associated with lower mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 diagnosed and treated early or later after symptom onset.

TL;DR: Prevention strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infection in Saudi Arabia and Therapeutic options for COVID-19 in Saudi Saudi Arabia are revealed.