International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research 

About: International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research is an academic journal published by Mahadev Publications. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Traditional medicine. It has an ISSN identifier of 2322-0910. Over the lifetime, 932 publications have been published receiving 759 citations.

Detailed study on therapeutic properties, uses and pharmacological applications of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.)

Abstract: Safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) belongs to the family Asteraceae. Safflower has been grown mainly for orange-red dye (carthamin) extracted from its flower used in food coloring and flavoring. Safflower seed oil is highly rich in linoleic acid (unsaturated fatty acid) which makes it highly suitable for human consumption. The whole plant of C. tinctorius possesses many pharmacological activities like antifibrosis, antidiabetic, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antihperlipidemic, anticoagulant, and antioxidant activities. Regardless of it numerous uses, this crop is under the category of minor and neglected crop, therefore additional research work is required for its commercialization. The present review critically deals with botanical description, distribution, classification, uses, pharmacological activities and chemical constituents present in safflower.Â

Evaluation of a highly standardized withania somnifera extract on endothelial dysfunction and biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study

Abstract: Background: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is a multisystem disorder with oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Withania somnifera Dunal ( Ashwagandha ) is shown to have potent antioxidant, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects in several studies. The present study was planned to compare the effect of Withania somnifera on endothelial dysfunction and biomarkers in patients with d iabetes mellitus . Materials and Methods: After taking IEC approval and written informed consent, 66 eligible patients, who are on metformin therapy, were randomized to receive either one capsule of highly standardized aqueous extract of Withania somnifera 250mg twice daily, one capsule of Withania somnifera 500 mg twice daily or Placebo for a duration of 12 weeks. Primary efficacy parameter was a change in endothelial function (measured as change in reflection index of more than 6 %) performed by salbutamol challenge test at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Secondary end points were change in biomarkers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and glutathione), high sensitivity C-reactive protein and change in lipid profile. Safety lab parameters were measured, at baseline and after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: A total of 60 patients completed the study. Twelve weeks of treatment with Withania somnifera 250mg and 500mg produced significant reduction in reflection index (-2.52±1.32% to -7.49±3.49%) and (-2.24±1.00% to -9.03± 2.42%) respectively, suggesting improvement in endothelial function versus placebo (-2.11±1.62% to -0.81± 2.86%). Similarly a significant improvement in biomarkers of oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, lipid parameters and HbA1c levels, compared to baseline and placebo, was observed with Withania somnifera . All treatments are well tolerated. Conclusion: Withania somnifera showed significant improvement in endothelial function, reduction in biomarkers of oxidative stress and systemic inflammation and can be used as a therapeutic adjunctive in patients with type 2 Diabetes mellitus.

Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of chia (salvia hispanica) seeds extract against porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-an in-vitro study

Abstract: Background: Chia ( Salvia hispanica L.) seeds are used widely because of its nutritional value, antioxidant and antibacterial activity against various microorganisms but there are no studies that relate the antibacterial activity of Chia seeds against periodontal pathogens. Hence, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of Chia seeds extract on Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Materials and Methods: Extract of Chia seeds in ethanol and distilled water were obtained by cold maceration. The crude residue was obtained by evaporation at room temperature. The antimicrobial efficacy of Chia seeds in all extracts were assessed against oral microorganisms by finding out zone of inhibition and minimal inhibitory concentration. Results : Chia seeds ( Salvia hispanica ) in ethanol and distilled water were found to be effective against A.actinomycetamcmitans, P.gingivalis and F.nucleatum by highest zone of inhibition being 18mm for aqueous extract of Chia seeds against A.actinomycetamcomitans. Minimum inhibitory concentration for aqueous extract of Chia seeds for A.actinomycetamcomitans and P.gingivalis was established at 50% and for F.nucleatum at 12.5%.The minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanolic extract of Chia seeds for A.actinomycetamcomitans, P.gingivali and F.nucleatum was 12.5%, 6.25% and 50 % respectively. Conclusion: From results of the study, it is suggested that an ethanolic and aqueous extract of Chia seeds ( S.hispanica ) has antimicrobial activity against P. gingivalis A. actinomycetemcomitans and F.nucleatum.

Fluoride induced nephrotoxicity: apoptosis, ultrastructural changes and renal tubular injury in experimental animals

Abstract: Fluorosis is endemic in many countries across the globe. Most of the Indian states are endemic for fluorosis. Fluoride is known to cause many types of health complications and affects skeletal & soft tissues. The kidneys are one of the highly exposed organs for all the ingested toxins including fluoride. Therefore fluoride exposed subjects are highly vulnerable to fluoride induced nephrotoxicity. In recent years it has been demonstrated that the prevalence of renal impairment is remarkably high in different fluorosis endemic areas. Higher prevalence of CKD observed in central dry zone of Sri Lanka, a fluorosis endemic region. The prevalence of renal tubular dysfunctions is significantly high in residents of El Quel, which is also an endemic fluorosis area in Southern Algeria. On the basis of previous research reports it may be concluded that fluoride induces renal impairments and renal tubular injuries, cellular and sub-cellular ultrastructural changes. But all the research reports available are confined to animal models only. The data available on fluoride associated renal impairment in human is scant and limited to case reports and epidemiological studies. Due to the variation in types of animal models used in the studies, variations in quantity of fluoride administered and variations in route of fluoride administration, the generated insight cannot be translated to clinic. Therefore there is need to adopt a direct holistic approach to evaluate the adverse effects of fluoride on kidney structure and function in human subjects.Â

Devadaru (cedrus deodara (roxb.) loud.): a critical review on the medicinal plant

Abstract: Devadaru (Cedrus deodara) an important plant belongs to Pinaceae family found in the north-western Himalayas at altitude of 1200-3000 meter. The aromatic wood of this beautiful tree is used as carminative, anti inflammatory, diaphoretic, diuretics, antipyretic, antileprotic. In Caraka samhita it is one among the Satanya shodhana and Anuvasanopaga group of drugs and Sushruta also considered it as the Vata Shamana group, Katuvarga and Eladi group. It is the chief timber of north –west India and is used for all purpose of construction of railway sleepers, bridges, and even for furniture and shingles. The oil obtained is used for mange in horses and sore feet in cattle. It is in use since vedic period in temples and in making incense even said that by sitting under its shade many diseases cures especially asthma. Here the present review study is an attempt to provide reported detail information of this herb from various Samhitas and its study in modern area like its phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities.Â