Showing papers in "International Journal of Hydrogen Energy in 1998"

TL;DR: In this article, the current industrial uses of hydrogen in various industries in the industrial world will be summarized and discussed in more detail, including the use of hydrogen as a fuel in space applications, as an O2 scavenger in heat treating of metals and for its low viscosity and density.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental study of hydrogen production from biomass was conducted using a benchscale fluidized bed gasifier and the results showed that the hydrogen yield potential was most sensitive to equivalence ratio.

TL;DR: In this paper, the main focus of this overview is to provide literature-based information on hydrogen production reactions using semiconductor particles in the presence of light energy, including the experimental techniques and mechanistic aspects.

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the operating conditions in the catalytic converter on the production of gases, especially H2, was investigated over the temperature range of 660-830 °C, for Gas Hourly Space Velocities (GHSV) in the range 9000−27,700 h−1.

TL;DR: Though based upon a simple electrochemical effect, tough demands on a water splitter, with respect to efficiency, operability, safety and costs make it a modern electrolyzer and a piece of engineering excellence.

TL;DR: In this paper, a wide range of hydrogen production processes, including steam-methane reforming and coal gasification, were compared for energy and exergy efficiency, ranging from 21% to 86% for energy efficiencies, and from 19% to 78% for exergy efficiencies.

TL;DR: Two-step solar thermochemical cycles and processes for the production of hydrogen, hydrocarbons, and synthesis gas are considered in this paper, where the thermodynamics of both reaction steps are examined and relevant experimental studies conducted using solar energy are reviewed.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the copper loading and calcination temperature on the structure and performance of Cu/Ni|K|γ-Al2O3 catalysts was examined. But the results were limited to the case of ethanol.

TL;DR: In this article, a model for heat and water transport in a polymer membrane fuel cell has been developed for evaluation with regard to structure and material, and the dynamic simulation allows simulation of the transient state after changes of electrical load or gas flow rate and humidification.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the economic and market opportunities for hydrogen from renewable sources and compare it with hydrogen from fossil sources. But they do not discuss the potential of hydrogen from natural gas to be used as an energy carrier.

TL;DR: In this article, the improvement of the yield of hydrogen at fermentative production using molasses as a substrate was investigated from two points of view; i.e. through the control of production pathway and secondly, by the condition of nutrient source for growing.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the autoignition and combustion of hydrogen in a constant-volume combustion vessel under simulated direct-injection (DI) diesel engine conditions and found that the ignition delay of hydrogen under DI diesel conditions has a strong, Arrhenius dependence on temperature.

TL;DR: Experiments showed that the acidic aqueous stream obtained from the acidogenesis of source selected municipal solid wastes is quite a good substrate for the growth of R. sphaeroides RV without any integrations, and the hydrogen evolution requires external microelements such as iron and molybdenum.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors attempt to synthesize and fabricate proton exchange membranes for hydrogen production via water electrolysis that can take advantage of the better kinetic and thermodynamic conditions that exist at higher temperatures.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of energy storage media for carbon free systems was made on a cost and weight basis for application with renewable energy sources such as hydropower, showing that storage of hydrogen in liquid organic hydrides was equivalent to other carbon free alternatives and superior to zero emission systems like batteries.

TL;DR: In this paper, the development of a process of hydrogen production by solar thermal water splitting (HSTWS) presents a formidable technological task, however, the process has great potential from the thermodynamic point of view and can lead to efficient conversion of solar energy to power.

TL;DR: Directed Technologies, Inc., working with the Ford Motor Company under a Department of Energy cost shared contract to develop direct hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, has addressed both perceived roadblocks to direct hydrogen as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the development of high-concentration, high-temperature solar energy systems at the Weizmann Institute in Tel-Aviv, which are now mature enough for transfer to industry and programs are starting to affect the transfer and upscale the new technologies to commercial levels.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the kinetics of methane decomposition in a one inch diameter tubular reactor at temperatures between 700 and 900 °C and at pressures between 28 and 56 atm.

TL;DR: Zirfon® is a porous composite separator material composed of a polysulfone matrix and ZrO2 which is present as a powder as mentioned in this paper, which is very stable in concentrated KOH solutions at elevated temperatures.

TL;DR: In this article, the transient hot wire method was used to determine the thermal conductivity of a powdery material, comprising heat conduction in the solid particles and in gas and temperature radiation across the pores.

TL;DR: Sandia National Laboratory developed from first principles a hydrogen fuelled internal combustion engine for driving an electrical generator that can be utilized either as a stationary power set or the auxiliary power unit in a hybrid vehicle.

TL;DR: In this paper, major system components of possible future energy supply based on hydrogen generated by utilizing (solar) energy unaccompanied by release of carbon dioxide are installed on an industrial scale at a demonstration facility located in Neunburg vorm Wald, Germany.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate safe engine control and low pollution combustion in a hydrogen-fuelled Auxiliary Power Unit GTCP 36-300 under the project leadership of Daimler-Benz Aerospace Airbus the manufacturers AlliedSignal Aerospace and Bodenseewerk Geratetechnik together with the Fachhochschule Aachen initiated by R&D-programme.

TL;DR: In this article, a hydrogen storage system based on water electrolysis, storage of the H2O2 product gases, and reconversion into electric energy via a fuel cell is proposed for the long-term storage of electricity.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer metal membrane was developed for the separation of ultra-high purity hydrogen from impure feed streams, which can operate at elevated temperatures on the order of 300 °C and is capable of high rates of hydrogen flow.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared liquid hydrogen and methanol generated from atmospheric CO 2 with the conventional crude oil-gasoline system and showed that the renewable energy vectors, liquid hydrogen (LH 2 ) and methenol, lead to drastic CO 2 reduction compared to the fossil-based system.

TL;DR: In this paper, a 10-kW electrolyzer was modified to be used as a technology carrier for components of advanced, intermittently operated alkaline water electrolysis, and the electrode performance was studied by measuring temperature-dependent polarization curves.

TL;DR: The WE-NET project as discussed by the authors is an international clean energy system technology utilizing hydrogen (WE-NET) project, which was proposed by the International Clean Energy System Technology Utilizing Hydrogen (World Energy Network) Program.

TL;DR: In this paper, a novel approach in hydrogen production via reforming of hydrocarbons that will use catalytic properties of non-equilibrium plasma gas discharge is presented, where CH4/CO2 mixtures are heated to a temperature of 900°C, so that mixture will have approximately 80% of the energy required for thermal reforming.