Showing papers in "International Journal of Infectious Diseases in 2002"

TL;DR: Age is an important variable in the outcome of secondary DEN-2 infections, and DHF/DSS case fatality and hospitalization rates are highest in young infants and the elderly, and the risk that a child will die during a secondary DEN 2 infection is nearly 15-fold higher than the risk in adults.

TL;DR: Brucellosis presents in various ways and should be included in the differential diagnosis of arthritis in endemic countries and prevention should rely on education including on boiling raw milk.

TL;DR: The presence of oliguria, hyperkalemia, pulmonary rales, or hypotension on admission in patients with leptospirosis indicated high risk of death, and intensive care should be provided for patients who present with these risk factors.

TL;DR: The study identified potentially modifiable risk factors for Giardia infection in the adult population in Auckland that should be investigated further in different groups and settings to ensure better protection of the public health.

TL;DR: Clinicians in developing countries will find several chapters of the book frustrating for their lack of perspective in dealing with infections in settings of poverty, or tropical climates, or where diagnostic and treatment strategies are limited by cost and availability.

TL;DR: Campylobacter jejuni and its close relative C. coli are highly successful bacteria colonizing the intestinal mucosa of a wide range of avian and animal hosts, including humans.

TL;DR: It is recommended that all patients with uncomplicated intestinal strongyloidiasis, who fail standard therapy, be studied for HTLV-I infection.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors identified and measured the risk factors differentiating upper respiratory infection from pneumonia in children under 5 years of age at a large tertiary-care hospital in Gilgit, Pakistan.

TL;DR: Although not diagnostic, serum LDH levels could be used as an adjunctive marker in certain opportunistic infections and CD4+ lymphocyte counts in this group.

TL;DR: The cumulative data, including the information recorded on HIV testing forms and clinical records suggest that IDU was a factor in nearly 90% of the new HIV cases reported in year 2000, suggesting an urgent need for preventive measures for IDUs as the target group.

TL;DR: It is indicated that larger studies of antimycobacterial therapy of BU are warranted and can be successfully undertaken, and that blinded evaluation of photographs of the ulcers judged that 82% of ulcers in the treatment group improved compared with 75% in the placebo group.

TL;DR: This is the first report of cellular memory lymphocyte response specific for dengue virus detected 20 years after a primary infection by dengues, and serotype-crossreactive response for d Dengue 2 was stronger than for the rest of the serotypes.

TL;DR: Clinicians encountering epididymo-orchitis should consider the likelihood of brucellosis and initiate anti-Brucella medication upon clinical diagnosis and not only after serologic confirmation, as treatment and outcome are entirely different.

TL;DR: Genotypic analysis of resistance to PZA and ofloxacin is inadequate and should be complemented by conventional methods in Singapore.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that Pitymys subterraneus also serves as a rodent reservoir of Tula virus in Serbia-Yugoslavia, and phylogenetic trees constructed by the maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining methods indicated that this Phipmys-borne hantavirus shared a common ancestry with other Tulairus strains.

TL;DR: Rational use of antibiotics should be emphasized in every training program as a main strategy to control the increase in drug resistance and to prolong the usefulness of antibiotics.

TL;DR: The microbiological diagnosis in CAP can be established in only about 50% of cases with the combination of several diagnostic tools, and Epidemiologic surveys of CAP should be performed on a regular basis, regionally, as a way to improve the management of these infections.

TL;DR: Hospitalized patients with HIV or AIDS with chickenpox are at high risk for developing varicella pneumonia and there is a potentially high rate of death despite prompt initiation of appropriate antiviral therapy.

TL;DR: Cytokine administration to patients together with antifungal agents, as well as transfusion of cytokine-upgraded phagocytes, are promising immunotherapeutic modalities for further research.

TL;DR: The objective of this review is to consider the epidemiological and host factors that contribute to the outcome of antifungal therapy and whether the available in vitro susceptibility test methods can reliably predict clinical response, and to assess the overall relevance of drug resistance to the outcomes of fungal infections.

TL;DR: Improved methods to detect VLSA are described and it is confirmed that gradient gel analysis and Mu3 medium are simple and useful methods for the detection of VL SA judged as VSSA by its conventional MIC alone.

TL;DR: Gemella sp.

TL;DR: Most patients withHCV type 3 infection had viremia that was significantly lower than that in HCV type 1-infected patients, which may be the reason for the better response to treatment usually seen in such cases.

TL;DR: The most important therapeutic modality for MDRTB is to treat drug-sensitive TB correctly in the first instance and prevent the emergence of resistant TB.

TL;DR: The prevalence of bloodstream infections in HIV-positive patients has decreased since the introduction of HAART and the immunologic state has improved and there is a trend to a decrease or disappearance of microorganisms, such as Pseudomonas spp.

TL;DR: This multi-site regimen with or without passive immunization has prevented the development of rabies encephalitis in these people bitten by confirmed rabid dogs and should encourage more such studies, to replace highly reactogenic neural tissue-derived Semple vaccine in developing countries such as India.

TL;DR: The Australian MCC had a significant impact on the transmission dynamics of measles, however, current vaccine coverage levels may result in indigenous measles transmission by 2007 and sustained efforts are required to improve coverage with two doses of MMR and to ensure elimination of indigenous measles Transmission.