Showing papers in "International Journal of Laboratory Medicine in 2010"

Wet Smear Compared With Gram Stain Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis in Asymptomatic Pregnant Women

Abstract: Objective To compare wet smear and Gram stain diagnoses of bacterial vaginosis among asymptomatic pregnant womenMethods Between September 1,2006 and January 31,2008,asymptomatic women who initiated prenatal care in our obstetric clinics were invited to participateClinical diagnosis that required two of three positive criteria for bacterial vaginosis(vaginal pH,whiff test,and clue cells on wet smear) was compared with Gram stain diagnosis(Bacterial vaginosis score 7—10 by Nugent criteria)Results Population characterstics included an average maternal age of(273±66)years,26 nulliparasThe mean gestational age at entry was(156±76) weeksTwenty-seven percent(18/67) of the study population was diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis by definitive Gram stainUsing Gram stain diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis as the standard,clinical diagnosis had sensitivity of 56%(95%confidence interval[CI]32%,78%),aspecificity of 96%(95%contidence interval[CI]90%,100%),a positive predictive value of 83%,and a negative predictive value of 85%Conclusion In asymptomatic pregnant women,bacterial vaginosis can be diagnosed reliably by Gram stain

Assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated serum protein as a screening and diagnosing tests in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: Objective To assess the screening and diagnosing values of glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) and glycosylated serum protein(GSP) for gestational diabetes Mellitus by determining HbA1c and GSP levels in the second trimester and the late pregnancy.Methods On the basis of 50 g Glucose Challenge Test(GCT) and 75g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT),299 pregnant women were distrbuted into four groups:87 normal pregnancy group,71 normal glucose tolerance pregnancy group,87 gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and 54 impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Estimated HbA1c and GSP levels of the second trimester and late pregnancy in four pregnancy Group.With HbA1c≥6.1%for the cut-off point,GDM were divided into GDM 1 group(HbA1c≥6.1%) and GDM 2 group(HbA1c6.1%),then analyzed them.Results The HbA1c levels of GDM were higher than the normal pregnancy group,normal glucose tolerance pregnancy group and IGT group,no matter in the second trimester or in the late pregnancy, the difference was significant(P0.01).With pregnancy weeks development,HbA1c level gradually increased,during the late pregnancy,HbA1c level was 5.87%±0.43%.HbA1c levels of other pregnancy group is gradually increased with the development of pregnancy.According to HbA1c≥6.1%as cut off value,the positive rate of GDM group was 31.0%,while IGT and normal glucose tolerance group were 5.6%and 5.6%,the normal pregnancy group was 0.0%.the positive rate between the groups were statistically significant.The diagnostic sensitivity was 31.0%,false-negative rate was 69.0%,the diagnostic specificity was 97.5%,false-positive rate was 2.5%.In GDM group 1,GCT,fasting blood glucose,1 hour glucose were higher than GDM group 2, the differences were statistically significant.GSP levels were not statistically differences between four groups,but with the development of pregnancy,GSP levels droped gradual and were proportional to the level of serum albumin in the same period of pregnancy. Conclusion Despite HbA1c levels in GDM were significantly higher than the normal pregnancy,it has relatively low positive rate, so HbAlc remains a limited test to screen for GDM.However,the high specificity would eliminate the need for OGTT for the pregnant women with the higher HbA1c level.The elevated HbA1c indicates the higher glucose levels,so HbA1c may contribute to choose and monitor the clinical treatment in GDM.GSP have limited value in diagnosing and screening of GDM.

Study on relationship between apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms frequencies distributionand and essential hyperlipidemia of an nationality in Kunming area

Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between the polymorphisms of ApoB gene and essential hyperlipidemia.Methods Case-control association stutly was performed.91 patients with essential hyperlipidemia and 76 healthy controls were selected from the Han's population living in Kunming.Results 1)In the control group,the frequencies of genotypes ApoB MspI +/+ and +/-were 0.618 and 0.382,respectively.The genotype-/-was not detected for MspI.The frequencies of alleles + and-were 0.809 and 0.191,respectively,for ApoB MspI.The frequencies of genotypes of XbaI +/+、+/-and-/-were 0.013,0.145 and 0.842,respectively.The frequencies of the alleles + and-were 0.086 and 0.914,respectively,for XbaI.The frequencies of genotypes EcoRI +/+ and +/-were 0.961 and 0.039 respectively.The genotype-/-was not detected for EcoRI.The frequencies of alleles + and-were 0.980 and 0.020,respectively,for EcoRI.2).In the essential hyperlipidemia group,there were no significant differences in terms of the frequencies of genotypes or alleles for XbaI between the patients and the controls(P0.05).The frequency of MspI +/+ in the patients is significant higher than that in the controls(χ2=35.42,P=0.000),Odd Ratio=27.40(95% CI:6.28-120.12).The frequency of EcoRI +/+ in the patients was significant lower than that in the controls(χ2=5.109,P=0.024),Odd Ratio=0.247,(95% CI:0.068~0.901).Conclusion 1)There are district characteristics in the frequencies of genotypes and alleles for ApoB MspI、XbaI、EcoRI in the normal population of Han's population living in Kunming.2)The genotype of MspI(+/+)is associated with the susceptibility to essential hyperlipidemia.The genotype of EcoRI(+/+)is associated with the protection from essential hyperlipidemia.

Identification of periodontopathogens in periodontitis patients on Hakka in Huizhou by PCR

Abstract: Objective To establishthe relationship between periodontopathogens and periodontitis in Huizhou.Methods Subginggival plague samples were collected from 22 chronic periodontitis patients and 110 healthy adults.DNA from all samples were extracted by boiled methods,and 8 types of periodontophathogens in periodontitis patients were identified by amplifying the 16S rDNA with polymerase chains reaction (PCR).The results were analyzed by SPSS.Results Except for Co,the percentages of detection rate for other periodontopathogens in periodontitis were higher than the control group (P0.05).Conclusion The types of periodontopathogens of periodontitis patients showed their difference with other regions,which may be helpful for diagnosis,prevention and treatment of periodontitis in this area.

Analysis of the reverse transcriptase domain of HBV polymerase in 310 patients with chronic hepatitis B under Lamivudine therapy

Abstract: Objective To study the nucleotide substitution sites and patterns of the reverse transcriptase CRT) domain of HBV polymerase of the patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB) by means of LAM therapy in order to find the HBV resistance early. Methods the serum were selected from the patients with chronic hepatitis B,who have received the treatment of Lamivudine therapy more than 6 months,and P genes of HBV isolated from serum were amplified by means of one-step PCR and then sequenced. The difference of nucleotide,aminoacid and mutation patterns of RT region was classified by using Chromas223 software. Results 135 mutations in the HBV DNA polymerase gene of 310 patients was determined by using PCR and direct sequence.Mutation of 24 nucleotide substitution sites were found by sequencing,and the primary mutations and frequence are rtM204 v/I(n=111, 82.20%),rtS213T(n = 8,5.92%),rtC256S(n = 4,2.96%),and there is a significant difference between 3 primary mutations,mutation pattern and frequence:rtM204 I(n= 39,28.89%),rtM204V+rtL180M(n = 25,18.51%),rtM204V+rtM204I+rtL180M(n =11,8.15%),rtM204I+rtL180M(n=6,4.44%),rtM204V+rtL180M+rtV173L/M(n=5,3.70%),rtS213T(n=5,3.70%), rtM204V+rtL180M+rtV207M/L/I(n = 4,2.96%),rtM204V(n = 4,2.96%)etc.rtM204V mutation can also be accompanied by rtT184 I/S/M、rtA181T、rtC256S、rtS213T、rtL229V et al compensatory mutation.Conclusion The major mutations with LAM are rtM204V/I and usually companied by tL180M、rtV173L、rtS213T、rtC256S、rtV207M/L et al compensatory mutations after CHB patients received long term LAM treatment.Not only rtM204I but also rtS213T、rtM204V is of one nucleotide substitution site pattern. Most of the multi-nucleotide substitution site patterns contain rtM204,at the same time rtS213T+rtL187I or rtC256S+ rtF221Y can also be detected by means of sequencing.

Pathogenic bacteria of infantile diarrhea and their drug resistance

Abstract: Objective To realize major pathogenic bacteria and their drug susceptivity in Guangzhou in order to provide relevant evidence for clinical diagnosis and therapy or epidemiological research.Methods To examine the stool of children by clinical bacteriology,who were hospitalized in Guangzhou Children's Hospital and suspected to catch bacterial infectious diarrhea.Results The infants were prone to catch infectious infantile diarrhea in summer and autumn.The major pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and shigella flexneri and their drug susceptivity was good for major antibiotics in despite of the decreased trend of their susceptivity year after year.Conclusion To master the application guide of antibiotics strictly and finish bacteria culture and identification and drug susceptivity test before a prescription for antibiotics in order to guarantee the reasonable clinical usage of antibiotics.

Gene diagnostication and screening with regard to thalassemia of society colony in Yunan Dehong region(4 caes of family attached)

Abstract: Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence ratio and mutation type of thalassemia in the Yunan Dehong region.Methods At first,The samples are screened by means of red-cell exponent,micro-dosage hemoglobin electrophoresis, Hemoglobin A2 quantitation respectively.Then theβ-thalassemia mutation genotyping were identified through reverse dot-blotting hybridization technique.Theα-thalassemia gene deletion were diagnosed by GAP-PCR and gel electrophoresis,the positive samples ofβ-thalassemia were detected withα-thalassemia gene deletion screening.Finally,We collect the blood specimen and carry on the pedigree investigation in which we detecte the genotype in selected probands of the family members.Results Altogether 848 cases(28.10%)were the positive among 3018 samples who were detectedα,β-thalassemia.In 848 positive cases,554 cases are a-thalassemia,β-thalassemia(including HbE375 cases) were 385 cases,the positive rate is 12.76%.The incidence rate ofβ-thalassemia recombinationα-thalassemia was 22.60%.There are 44 positive cases of which 56 family members were detected in 4 proband investigation.Conclusion The thalassemia can be rapidly,simply and relagative accurately detected by using reverse dot-blotting hybridization membrane chip and GAP-PCR;Thalassemias was severe in Yunnan Dehong.

Study of the Relationship between Polymorphisms of Interleukin 27 Gene in Promoter Region and Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between polymorphisms of Interleukin 27(IL-27) p28 gene in promoter region 964A/G and patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infectionMethods IL-27p28 genotypes in promoter region 964 were analyzed among 168 patients with chronic HBV infection and 152 healthy controls by using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP),serum IL-27 levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)Results AA genotype in patients was much higher than in the healthy control group(OR= 175;95%CI:112-272;P= 0013),IL-27 was significantly elevated in patients(P0001)Conclusion The results shows that polymorphisms of IL-27p28 gene in promoter region 964 were associated with chronic HBV infection,A allele may be genetic factor for HBV infection

Effects of the leukemia inhibitory factor on the neural stem cells in vitro

Abstract: Objective To observe and analyse the effects of leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF) on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells(NSCs) in vitro.Methods LIF was used to induce NSCs in vitro.Results Nscs cufhured vitro are suspended growth and have the ability to proliferate continuously.LIF can accelerate their protife sprrd ationand enhance their ability of long term proliferation.Fetal calf serum can induce.the differentiation at Nscs,but LIF inhibit the differentiation of NSCs and retain their multi-energy-type.Conclusion LIF can promote the proliferation and maintain non-differentiated form of NSCs.

Evidence-based evaluation of trypsinogen-2 and serum amylase in the early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

Abstract: Objective To review TPS-2 and SAmy in early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis (AP) by the evidence-based medicine and provide diagnostic value for clinicians in selecting and testing of biochemical markers of AP to provide the best evidence to clinical decision-makingMethods Retrieving the databases of MEDLINE,EMBASE,Chinese biomedical literature database (CBMDISC),and CNKI,the full text literatures collected from diagnosing AP according to the including criteria and literature quality Evaluation through QUADAS tables,as well as heterogeneity analysis and quantitative of synthesis using Meta Disc software,SROC curves drawing and the corresponding posterior probability calculationResults 44 researches of TPS-2 and SAmy in diagnosing AP,moderate heterogeneity(P=0041 7,I2=287%)was found in the former and no significant heterogeneity(P=0113 36,I2=21%) was found in the latterThe summary sensitivity was 93%(95%CI:91%~94%)in the former and 810%(95%CI:790%~830%) in the latterThe summary specificity was 94%(95%CI:930%~950%)in the former and 860%(95%CI:850%~870%)in the latterThe SROC AUC was 09788(SE=0002 5) in the former and 08965(SE=0005 8) in the latterThe heterogeneity was significant differentThe former has higher comprehensive diagnosis performance than the latterTPS-2 and SAmy with the positive results in diagnosing AP of the posterior probability were about 5532% and 3078%,posterior probabilities of their negative results were 069% and 176%,respectivelyConclusion Urine TPS-2 has higher diagnostic value in diagnosing AP than SAmyIt can be used as diagnostic screening tests,its negative result of 9931% probability can be helpful in excluding the possibility of AP

Genotype distribution and epidemiological investigation of HCV

Abstract: Objective To analyze the HCV genotype in the patients with chronic C hepatitis in Pingxiang and understand the distribution and prevalence of C hepatitis C in this region.To provide potent basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prevention of C hepatitis.Methods 102 cases of serum specimens,containing anti-HCV antibody,from inpatients and outpatients were detected for HCV RNA by real time-PCR and for genotype by gene chips.Results In the 102 specimens with HCV infection,there were 7 gene subtypes detected,including 1b、 type 6、 2a、 1b +2a、 1b+3a、 3a and 3b,with proportion of 72.6%,8.8%,7.8%,5.9%,2.9%,1.0% and 1.0%,respectively.Conclusion The mainly genotype of HCV in Pingxiang is 1b,and type 6 is the second most common type.Infection of mixed genotype is common.76(74.5%) cases of patients enrolled in this study had history of drug abuse,trauma or blood transfusion.The larger proportion of patients were from Xiangdong and Anyuan district.

Study the significance of blood VEGF,PAPP-A,D-D and urinary NAG/Cr ratio in patients with PIH

Abstract: Objective To study the clinical significance of changes of blood contents of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF),Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A(PAPP-A),D-dimers(D-D) and Urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase/Creatinine (NAG/Cr) Ratio in patients with Pregnancy Induced Hypertension syndrome(PIH).Methods Serum VEGF and PAPP-A(with ELISA),plasma D-dimers(with biochemistry)and NAG/Cr(with velocity) contents were measured in 92 pregnant women with PIH and 35 controls.Results The serum VEGF contents in patients with PIH were significantly lower than those in controls(P0.01) while PAPP-A,D-dimers and NAG/Cr contents were significantly higher(P0.01).Those changes were especially marked in patients with advanced diseases.Conclusion Changes of blood contents of VEGF,PAPP-A D-dimers and Urinary NAG/Cr Ratio were closely related with the disease process of PIH.Determination of these changes was of clinical diagnostic as well as prognostic value.

Clinical value of urine trypsinogen-2 test in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the Emergency Department

Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical value of the urine trypsinogen-2 dipstick test in the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the Emergency DepartmentMethods 175 patients admitting to the Emergency Department due to upper abdominal pain were included in the studySerum amylase,urine amylase and urine trypsinogen-2 were assayed in all patientsResults 62 patients included in this study had acute pancreatitis diagnosisUrine trypsinogen-2 was found positive in 57(326%) patientsThe sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of the urine trypsinogen-2 test for all the patients were 661%,858%,719%,822%,respectivelyThese values were significantly lower than serum and urine amylase(P005 or 001)However,in the first 24 hours upper abdominal pain occurred,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of the urine trypsinogen-2 test for all the patients were 833%,871%,769%,910%,respectively,which were not statistically different from serum and urine amylaseConclusion Although it has lower sensitivity and specificity compared to amylase,we suggest that urine trypsinogen-2 test may be an important diagnostic tool for early diagnosis of acute pancreatitis,especially in excluding the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis

Comparative study on the blood glucose concentration and Hemoglobin Release Test

Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between hemoglobin release test(HRT) and diabetes,and to know the effect of blood glucose on HRT.Methods 10 blood samples was take to do whole blood HRT and erythrocyte HRT(ladder release) simultaneously,analysis the relationship between the concentration of blood glucose and results of HRT.In vitro,the effect of blood glucose on HRT was studied.Results There did not exist relationship between whole blood HRT and blood glucose concentration. But ladder release was associated with blood glucose concentration.In vitro,glucose concentration influenced the ladder release of erythrocyte.Glucose enhanced the ladder release with the trend of 5%、10%、50%.Conclusion Glucose could influence the erythrocyte HRT with changing the permeability of erythrocyte.

The clinical value of measuring the 1,3-β-D-glucan among the patients with invasive fungal infections

Abstract: Objective To estimate the value of measuring the 1,3-β-D-glucan(BG) to early diagnosis and monitor the curative effect among the patients with invasive fungal infection(IFI).Methods 309 blood samples were obtained from 112 patients with leukemia and malignant tumour.The serum BG concentration of patients with IFI were determinated dynamically with Microbiology Kinetic Rapid Reader MB-80.Results The BG showed high sensitivity(72.5%and 87.5%) and specificity(91.4%and 88.6%) when the threshold value were assigned to 50pg/ml and 20pg/ml.With continuous monitoring the BG,it could predict the IFI earlier that the method of fungus culture about 1～10 days.Among 20 patients of positive BG given antifungal therapy,19 cases had good response,only 1 case died.Declining BG concentrations have been observed in patients who responded to antifungal therapy,however,rising concentrations with fatal outcome.Conclusion Measurement the BG may be useful to diagnosis the IFI early and evaluate the curative effect among the patients with leukemia and malignant tumour.