International journal of social science studies 

About: International journal of social science studies is an academic journal published by Redfame Publishing. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Population & Politics. It has an ISSN identifier of 2324-8033. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 759 publications have been published receiving 3251 citations. The journal is also known as: IJSSS.

Determinants of Firm Performance: A Subjective Model

Abstract: The performance of firm is a relevant construct, in strategic management research, across the globe and frequently it is used as a dependent variable. In spite of its relevance, there is hardly any consensus about its definition, dimensionality and measurement, which limits advances in research. This review article suggests a comprehensive subjective measurement model for performance of firms, based on indicators and findings of earlier research studies. The final subjective model was developed with nine determinants/dimensions, namely, profitability performance, growth performance, market value performance of the firm, customer satisfaction, employee satisfaction, environmental audit performance, corporate governance performance and social performance. It is found that these nine dimensions or determinants cannot be used interchangeably since they represent different aspects of firm performance and different stakeholders of firms have different demands that need to be managed independently. Researchers and practitioners may use the proposed subjective model, in empirical studies, to evaluate the multiple performance of a firm.

Migration, Xenophobia and New Racism in Post-Apartheid South Africa

Abstract: Post-apartheid South Africa was built on a culture of inclusiveness, tolerance and human rights, embodied in its 1996 Constitution. However, as this paper shows, South African citizens exhibit high levels of xenophobia towards fellow African citizens, subjecting them to different forms of prejudice and discrimination. The paper argues that the racialization of African migrants- the other- and xenophobic sentiment are about the politics of access; a struggle for political and socio-economic resources.

Four European Smart City Strategies

Abstract: This paper provides evidence-based policy recommendations about the development of smart cities. The core characteristics of smart cities, including the use of advanced technology, human and social capital development, the development of pro-business environments and networking, are ‘translated’ into individual domains that characterize smart city strategies. Four major European cities (Amsterdam, Barcelona, London and Stockholm) are examined in terms of how they have so far incorporated those domains in their ongoing smart city strategies. The data are analyzed comparatively, highlighting trends and contrasting differences among strategies. The paper closes with conclusions about those characteristics and their role in smart city policy making.

Micro, Meso and Macro Levels of Social Analysis

Abstract: Micro, meso and macro are levels or scales that can and may be mobilised in social analysis. This paper aims to contribute to the reflection and discussion, in particular, of the use of the meso level in the apprehension of social reality, in its potential advantages and disadvantages. For this purpose, a document collection and selection was carried out. Furthermore, the authors’ experience in teaching and research in social sciences, especially in the area of Sociology, was also used. This analytical exercise allows concluding that the meso-social level is mobilised in some perspectives, focusing in a privileged way on the group or the organisation as a structure and intermediate process between the other two levels. As for implications, it may be asserted that the meso level only has heuristic capabilities in the interpretation of a particular social context if the other two levels are not neglected in the analysis.

Construct Validity of Likert Scales through Confirmatory Factor Analysis: A Simulation Study Comparing Different Methods of Estimation Based on Pearson and Polychoric Correlations

Abstract: The widespread use of Pearson correlations and, by extension, the Maximum Likelihood estimation method, does not take into account the measurement properties of Likert scales observed variables when carrying out a construct validity process through Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). This simulation study compares four estimation methods (Maximum Likelihood –ML-, Robust Maximum Likelihood –RML-, Robust Unweighted Least Squares –, RULS) according to two of the assumptions CFA is supposed to fulfil: multivariate normality and, especially, the continuous measurement nature of both latent and observed variables. Goodness of fit is diagnosed by X 2 Likelihood Ratio Test and RMSEA indices. Results suggest ULS and RULS are preferable as polychoric correlations help to overcome grouping and transformation errors produced when using Pearson correlations for ordinal observed variables. Data measurement scale consideration enhances the ability of hypothesized models to reproduce accurately construct variables relationships.