Showing papers in "Investigaciones Geográficas in 2005"
Journal Article•
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TL;DR: This article argued that the British Empire was a " liberal" empire that upheld international law, kept the seas open and free, and ultimately benefited everyone by ensuring the free flow of trade.
Abstract: From a world history perspective, the most noticeable trend in the history of the late 19th century was the domination of Europeans over NonEuropeans. This domination took many forms ranging from economic penetration to outright annexation. No area of the globe, however remote from Europe, was free of European merchants, adventurers, explorers or western missionaries. Was colonialism good for either the imperialist or the peoples of the globe who found themselves subjects of one empire or another? A few decades ago, the answer would have been a resounding no. Now, in the wake of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the more or less widespread discrediting of Marxist and Leninist analysis, and the end of the Cold War, political scientists and historians seem willing to take a more positive look at Nineteenth Century Imperialism. One noted current historian, Niall Ferguson has argued that the British Empire probably accomplished more positive good for the world than the last generation of historians, poisoned by Marxism, could or would concede. Ferguson has argued that the British Empire was a \" liberal \" empire that upheld international law, kept the seas open and free, and ultimately benefited everyone by ensuring the free flow of trade. In other words, Ferguson would find little reason to contradict the young Winston Churchill's assertion that the aim of British imperialism was to: give peace to warring tribes, to administer justice where all was violence, to strike the chains off the slave, to draw the richness from the soil, to place the earliest seeds of commerce and learning, to increase in whole peoples their capacities for pleasure and diminish their chances of pain. It should come as no surprise that Ferguson regards the United States current position in the world as the natural successor to the British Empire and that the greatest danger the U.S. represents is that the world will not get enough American Imperialism because U.S. leaders often have short attention spans and tend to pull back troops when intervention becomes unpopular. It will be very interesting to check back into the debate on Imperialism about ten years from now and see how Niall Ferguson's point of view has fared! The other great school of thought about Imperialism is, of course, Marxist. For example, Marxist historians like E.J. Hobsbawm argue that if we look at the l9th century as a great competition for the world's wealth and …
2,001 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze the emergence of the term postproductivism and contribute a theoretic base that could serve to the later use of this concept by the Spanish rural scientists interested in this subject.
Abstract: This paper aims to analyze the emergence of the term postproductivism and to contribute a theoretic base that could serve to the later use of this concept by the Spanish rural scientists interested in this subject. In this way, after an introductory first part the text includes questions related with the origin and the position of the postproductivism in the social science movements. Furthermore it is analyzed the postproductivist’s agrarian viewpoint starting for the rural context, in the same way the European Union (EU) ende
32 citations
TL;DR: Mar del Plata has become the leading seaside resort in Buenos Aires if not in the whole of Argentina in the intervening hundred years, thanks to its beach culture it has evolved from an elitist form of tourism to a more popular one, resulting in the building of accomodations and leisure facilities for almost three million people a year.
Abstract: Established at the end of the 19th century, Mar del Plata has become the leading seaside resort in Buenos Aires if not in the whole of Argentina in the intervening hundred years. Thanks to its beach culture it has evolved from an elitist form of tourism to a more popular one, resulting in the building of accomodations and leisure facilities for almost three million people a year. Its growing-highly segregated-urban sector means that the shoreline is subjected to intensive human presence, resulting in continual erosion and water pollution. The current social and economic crisis in the country has brought about the collapse of the tourist industry and the future of Mar del Plata is uncertain.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis at municipal level comparing soil sealing and land capability is undertaken in the coastal municipalities of the Castellon Province, showing that in 1991 the process of soil sealing is particularly important in the littoral band, the land bellow the 100 m contour lines, where 76% of the territory lies in classes of
Abstract: Among processes causing soil degradation in the Valencia Region, one of the most relevant is human induced soil sealing from urban development such as housing, roads and associated infrastructure and from industrial and commercial activities. Soil sealing is especially important over the alluvial plains of the Valencia Region, driving in most cases to the irreversible loss of the edaphic resource. In this work, based on Geographical Information Systems, an analysis at municipal level comparing soil sealing and land capability is undertaken in the coastal municipalities of the Castellon Province. Results show that in 1991 the process of soil sealing is particularly important in the littoral band, the land bellow the 100 m contour lines, where 76% of the territory lies in classes of
17 citations
Journal Article•
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors define a classification of storms of rain and wind in Galicia with regard to their intensity and potential dangerousness, bearing in mind the combination of three factors: daily average precipitation in the episode, average value of the greatest gusts of wind, and duration of the event.
Abstract: In this paper we try to define a classification of storms of rain and wind in Galicia with regard to their intensity and potential dangerousness, bearing in mind the combination of three factors: daily average precipitation in the episode, average value of the greatest gusts of wind, and duration of the event. Also, we focus on the chronological evolution of these events the latest 40 years (period: 1961-2001).
16 citations
Journal Article•
14 citations
TL;DR: The advections of Sahara air masses, normally associated with dust-haze, affects often to the Canary Islands as discussed by the authors, and the strongest events are an important climatic hazard.
Abstract: The advections of Sahara air masses, normally associated with dust-haze, affects often to the Canary Islands. The strongest events are an important climatic hazard. The study
12 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the vulnerability, impacts and adaptation measures to future climate scenarios, are the priority goal for scientist and specialist working on wetlands, ecosystems with natural vulnerability to the impact of climate, according to third Report of IPCC, have been low level studied in its interaction with the cli
Abstract: Natural and antropogenic emissions to the atmosphere, the growth of the green house gases concentration, global warming, climate and global change are today , one of the most important situations to be worried about by the international scientist community. The vulnerability, impacts and adaptation measures to future climate scenarios, are the priority goal for scientist and specialist working on it. The wetlands, ecosystems with natural vulnerability to the impact of climate, according to third Report of IPCC, have been low level studied in its interaction with the cli
10 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed a methodology of spatial data input and management, based on the use of Geographical Information Systems (GI.I.S.) and aerial photographs, for the analysis of the evolution of land cover and land use through time from a multidisciplinary point of view in the Marina Baixa.
Abstract: The study of variations through time in land cover and land use as sources of information and geographical diagnosis, is due to many different factors: environmental, economical, social territorial planning (infrastructure, urban or farming planning), strategic research etc., and thus is a key element for decision makers. The analysis of the evolution of land cover and land use through time from a multidisciplinary point of view in the Marina Baixa allows for the evaluation of implemented policy as well as the anticipation of future planning policies. To this effect, we have developed a methodology of spatial data input and management, based on the use of Geographical Information Systems (G.I.S.) and aerial photographs.
8 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The Laguna de Tecocomulco, Hidalgo as mentioned in this paper, is a relicto de aquella cuenca, that experimentado cambios extremos in its dimensiones and composicion hidrica durante periodos geologic; sin embargo, cambio climaticos, la deforestacion de la subcuenca and la agricultura han modificado ampliamente su morfologia, superficie, and profundidad, consecuencia del gran aporte de sedimentos and el azolvam
Abstract: La Gran Cuenca del Valle de Mexico estuvo formada por diferentes lagunas que han desaparecido en su evolucion geologica y por actividades antropogenicas La laguna de Tecocomulco, Hidalgo, es un relicto de aquella cuenca, que ha experimentado cambios extremos en sus dimensiones y composicion hidrica durante periodos geologicos; sin embargo, cambios climaticos, la deforestacion de la subcuenca y la agricultura han modificado ampliamente su morfologia, superficie y profundidad, consecuencia del gran aporte de sedimentos y el azolvamiento lacustre resultante La estimacion de los cambios en la superficie del lago en cinco anos de diferentes decadas (1975, 1985, 1990, 2001, 2002) fueron el objetivo de este trabajo, para ello se utilizaron imagenes de satelite, conjuntamente con un analisis ambiental interpretativo Los factores que han modificado a la laguna de Tecocomulco son: clima, aporte de sedimentos de la subcuenca y agricultura que se sinergizan, al grado de su posible desaparicion, como ha sucedido en los otros lagos de la Cuenca del Valle de Mexico
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The main objective of the present study is to define the characteristics, dynamics and processes wich influence in the different courses of the hydrographic basin of the Quequen Salado river basin this paper.
Abstract: This paper focuses on the Hydrogeomorphologic study of the Quequen Salado river basin, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The basin has an area of 9.801 km2, and it is located in a plane zone, were the farming activities are very important for the country. The main objective of the present study is to define the characteristics, dynamics and processes wich influence in the different courses of the hydrographic basin. Four different types of drainage systems were identified: anarchic, with topographic control, dendritic and parallelsubparallel. The basin presents two different floods origins: low slop areas (upper basin) and overflows in shallow sectors of the water courses beds.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the innovating process in advanced services companies in relation to the concept of flow and system and established a typology of technological behaviours models (factorial analysis and cluster) to differentiate the innovative activities of advanced service companies.
Abstract: This paper studies the innovating process in advanced services companies in relation to the concept of flow and system. We will concentrate on two different issues: the characteristics of the innovating process in its environment of production and some effects that this innovating process has in relationship with the diffusion and learning process in business. Therefore, we have established a typology of technological behaviours models (factorial analysis and cluster) to differentiate the innovating activities of advanced services companies. The differences are set between the range of those activities that can influence on the increase of the Andalusian technological level and other minor activities. The former (R-D), if generalized, can provoke significant changes in the other economic sectors.
TL;DR: A crucial factor in the desertion is the social environment as mentioned in this paper, where the competitiveness and low-priced production demanded by the modernization of agriculture clashes with the reduced size of these holdings, the scarcity of work hands and the lack of investment.
Abstract: The liberalization of the market economy, supported by the policies of the European administrations and the physical, economic and social expansion of urbanization are bringing about the disappearance of the typical agricultural holdings which have been characteristic of the Basque Country along the Atlantic fringe: the farmsteads known as caserios. The competitiveness and low-priced production demanded by the modernization of agriculture clashes with the reduced size of these holdings, the scarcity of workhands and the lack of investment. A crucial factor in the desertion is the social environment. The inadequacies of size in these rural holdings constitutes yet another insurmountable structural defi cit. This hunger for land leads in turn to a pronounced competitiveness in its acquisition, a competitiveness in which agricultural interests turn out to be the weakest. On the other hand, the disappearance of the institution of a unique heir has led to their irreversible fragmentation. The permanence of holdings depends in the fi nal analysis on
TL;DR: In the southern of Aragon there were two wetlands nowadays disappeared as mentioned in this paper, one of which was the Canizar of Villarquemado lake with an area of 11.3 sq km and the other one, the canizar fl oodplain of Alba, with a smaller surface area of about 1 sq km.
Abstract: In the southern of Aragon there were two wetlands nowadays disappeared. The big- gest one was the Canizar of Villarquemado lake. With an area of 11.3 sq km, it was one of the largest freshwater wetlands of the Iberian Peninsula. The second one, the Canizar fl oodplain of Alba, has a smaller surface area of about 1 sq km. Nowadays, both humid areas do not exist and its beds has been used for agricultural activity. Unfortunately, there are no quantitative data about the hydrological regime of wetlands in the past. However, the study of the historical references about local climate and drainage works has allowed to characterize the wetlands hydrology since roman age.
Journal Article•
Abstract: This article presents the spatial distribution of rural tourism in Catalonia considering the conditioning factors of supply and demand. This analysis makes possible to observe the existence of a pattern of distribution of these accommodations. Initially there is an identification of the distribution of the different types of accommodation (Masies, Village Houses and Independent Rural Accommodations), and at the same time we offer an analysis of supply and demand of rural tourism. On this basis, we have examined the possible factors that affect localization and its degree of influence on demand. In the case where
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In a demografic weakness context, the process of recent urban transformation of Segovia, throughout the last years appears conditionated by the changes that have occurred in the model of population distribution as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Population and urban structure: approach to the demografic differentiation of the city of Segovia. In a demografic weakness context, the process of recent urban transformation of Segovia, throughout the last years appears conditionated by the changes that have occurred in the model of population distribution. At the time when the city centre is abandoned, which has lost its preeminent residencial functions, working-class districts, arisen by industrial development, have been abandoned too. In contrast with these places where population average has an old age, the city has been expanded with the increase of inhabitants in the newest and farest urbanizations and housing estates.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a methodology for analyzing the landscape dynamics of Mediterranean rural areas using four tools: historical accounts, satellite remote sensing, multivariate regression and landscape indices, based on which they present a set of landscape indices.
Abstract: The paper presents a methodology for analysing the landscape dynamics of Mediterranean rural areas using four tools: historical accounts, satellite remote sensing, multivariate regression and landscape indices. The first step involves in historical analysis to
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The study of the agrarian mechanization in the Balearic Islands has been initiated in base to unpublished documentation of the registration of tractors between 1946 and 1973.
Abstract: The study of the agrarian mechanization in the Balearic Islands has been initiated in base to unpublished documentation of the registration of tractors between 1946 and 1973. The period analyzed itself center in the phase of economic autarchy (1946-1960) and some are presented fi rst results on the incorporation of tractors in a phase of incipient modernization of the insular agriculture, that has changed the systems of traditional type by other more industrial in the last fi fty years.
TL;DR: The main objective of as discussed by the authors was the study of the behavior of rainfall in space and time in the western part of Cuba and the analysis was done in relation to seasonality, trends, variability and the presence of cycles.
Abstract: The main objective of the research was the study of the behavior of rainfall in space and time in the western part of Cuba. Analysis was done in relation to seasonality, trends, variability and the presence of cycles. It was identifi ed that in the period 1961-1993 there was not any displacement of the rainy and dry season. It was identifi ed that this trend was strongly broken in 1975 and in a lesser scale en 1973. Four non periodic cycles were manifested. There is a similar behavior of rainfall in the western part of Cuba.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The authors discusses the principal studies on droughts in the 19th century and discusses the causes that determine the frequency of Droughts, which are considered to be erratic and unforeseeable phenomena that constitute a deviation with respect to the average measured values of long term precipitation.
Abstract: Throughout history, droughts have been considered to be erratic and unforeseeable phenomena that constitute a deviation with respect to the average measured values of long term precipitation, which happen to occur every once in a while. Therefore, one of the greatest interests of climatologists has been to learn the causes that determine the frequency of droughts. For this reason, the present paper discusses the principal studies on droughts in the 19 th
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In the Basque Country Government has decided development green production areas, continuing the model that has been development in the industrial sector as discussed by the authors, however, haven't than public help as the industrial and, therefore, is continuity is in difficulties.
Abstract: Farm activity near to the urban area most of times different to the activity that you can find fart to the city. The most important activities in farm urban areas are green productions, sometimes development green belts. The proximity of the city, however, has a negative influence under the value of the ground and the farmers haven’t any options to increase their exploitation. In the Basque Country Government has decided development green production areas, continuing the model that has been development in the industrial sector. Farm model, however, haven’t than public help as the industrial and, therefore, is continuity is in difficulties.
TL;DR: The population has continued concentrating on the coastal regions and the Balearic islands and Canarys, besides Madrid, urban region, with a strong dynamism as discussed by the authors. But, they are still numerous the regions that have a half level of inferior wealth to the average of the European Union.
Abstract: The population’s irregular distribution in the Spanish regions continues increasing. The population has continued concentrating on the coastal regions and the Balearic islands and Canarys, besides Madrid, urban region, with a strong dynamism. In front of it the great space interior maintains its low densities. The group of the Spanish economy has grown with force. He has not made it same in all the regions, but rather it has allowed a slight tendency toward the regional convergence, in spite of the strongs regional differences. But, they are still numerous the regions that have a half level of inferior wealth to the average of the European Union. The autonomous decentralization has been quick and deep. It has been reached a situation similar to that of the Federal States. Face to the future a dual dynamics is observed: in front of that centrifugal political ideology, every time the eco
TL;DR: In this article, a modificación del funcionamiento hidrologico del rio Zadorra a raiz de la construcción y puesta en explotacion de los embalses del sistema Zadorara, ha been reported.
Abstract: Resumen es: La modificacion del funcionamiento hidrologico del rio Zadorra a raiz de la construccion y puesta en explotacion de los embalses del sistema Zadorra, ha...
TL;DR: In this article, the impacts of climate change over the Comunidad de Murcia territory were examined and forecasted, based on the worst scenarios obtained along the XX century, with these uncertainties and by the important sensibility the water resources show in the presence of climatic changes.
Abstract: The present work examines and forecasts the impacts of climatic change over the Comunidad de Murcia territory. It’s a goal of a great importance because of the scenarios that the climatic models get for this region. Our conclusions don’t reject a future climatic stability around the natural variability. Nevertheless, with these uncertainties and by the important sensibility the water resources show in the presence of climatic changes, we have forecasted the temperature and rainfall trends following the worst scenarios obtained along the XX century.