Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 

About: Iranian Journal of Pediatrics is an academic journal published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Medicine & Population. It has an ISSN identifier of 2008-2142. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 1731 publications have been published receiving 13297 citations.

Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot; Clinical Aspects and Algorithmic Approach

Abstract: Flatfoot constitutes the major cause of clinic visits for pediatric foo t problems. The reported prevalence of flatfoot varies widely due to numerous factors. It can be divided into flexible and rigid flatfoot. Diagnosis and management of pediatric flatfoot has long been the matter of controversy. Common assessment tools inclu de visual inspection, anthropometric values, footprint parameters and radiographic evaluation. Most flexible flatfeet are physiologic, asymptomatic, and require no treatment. Otherwise, the physician should treat symptomatic flexible flatfeet. Initial trea tment options include activity modification, proper shoe and orthoses, exercises and medication. Furthermore, comorbidities such as obesity and ligamenous laxity should be identified and managed, if applicable. When all nonsurgical treatment options faile, surgery can be considered. Our purpose in this article is to present a clinical algorithmic approach to pediatric flatfoot.

Probiotics for the Treatment of Pediatric Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial

Abstract: Objective: Helicobacter pylori is recognized as a major etiological factor in the pathogenesis of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. H. Pylori eradication has a failure rate of more than 30% in pediatric patients, particularly because of poor compliance, antibiotic resistance and occurrence of side-effects. This study was aimed to determine whether adding the probiotics to a standard anti-H. Pylori regimen could minimize the gastrointestinal side-effect prevalence and improve the eradication rate. Methods: Double-blind randomized placebo controlled study conducted at Children’s Medical Center in Tehran, Iran. Sixty six H. Pylori positive children were treated with a triple drug treatment protocol (omeprazole+amoxycillin+furazolidon) and randomly allocated to receive either probiotic or placebo. All patients underwent esophagogastroduodendoscopy. H. Pylori infection was diagnosed by either rapid urease test (RUT) or histology. H. Pylori status was assessed after 4-8 weeks of the completion of treatment with stool H. Pylori antigen test. The side effects of the treatment were determined in each group. Findings:. Mean age of patients was 9.09 (range 3‐14) years, 44 (65.7%) patients were boys (sex ratio 2:1). All 66 patients completed the course of treatment and follow-up. The rate of H. Pylori eradication was significantly higher in probiotic group (P=0.04). In probiotic supplemented children there was a lower rate of nausea/vomiting (P=0.02) and diarrhea (P=0.039) during treatment. Conclusion: This study showed that probiotics have positive effect on the eradication of H. Pylori infection. Adjuvant therapy with probiotic is recommended in order to reduce the frequency of antibiotic induced sideeffects during treatment with antibiotics.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anemia among Adolescents in Denizli, Turkey.

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of anemia among adolescents in Denizli where Mediterranean cuisine (fresh fruit and vegetables) is adopted Methods: We accepted hemoglobin values below 12 g/dl for girls and 13 g/ dl for boys as the criteria of anemia We recorded a detailed history including nutritional habits, consumption of animal source foods especially red meat, consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables, presence of parasitic infestation, psychosocial status, school success and any materials consumed except ordinary food Findings: We investigated the prevalence of anemia in 1120 children (672 girls and 448 boys), aged 12 to 16 years We found that the overall prevalence of anemia was 56% 83% of the girls and 16% of the boys were anemic We diagnosed iron deficiency anemia in 37(59%) anemic patients and combined iron deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia in 26 (41%) anemic patients None of the patients had folic acid deficiency Conclusion: Our results suggest that the socioeconomic status of the family, traditional eating habits of the region, the fear of gaining weight and irregular eating habits are of great importance in the development of adolescent anemia in Denizli

Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in children, a population-based cross-sectional study in west iran.

Abstract: Objective: In developing countries, Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired during childhood and may be a predisposing factor for peptic ulcer or gastric cancer later in life. Non¬invasive diagnostic tools are particularly useful in children for screening tests and epidemiological studies. We aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection among Kurdish children in Sanandaj, West Iran. Methods: We used a Helicobacter Pylori Stool Antigen (HpSA) test to detect H. pylori infection. A questionnaire was used to collect data about age, sex, duration of breastfeeding, and family size. A total of 458 children aged 4 months to 15 years were enrolled in this study. Findings: The mean age of enrolled children was 5.6±5.4 years. Stool samples were positive for H. pylori in 294 (64.2%) children. The prevalence of H. pylori infection increased with age (P<0.001). We found a significant increase in the infection rate as the family size grew (P=0.005). There was no correlation between a positive H. pylori status and gender (P=0.6) or the duration of breastfeeding (P=0.8). Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of H. pylori infection is very high in children in Sanandaj. It begins at early infancy (before 4th month of age) and cumulatively increases with age.

The effect of traditional games in fundamental motor skill development in 7-9 year-old boys

Abstract: Objective: T he purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of traditional games on fundamental motor skills in seven to nine­year‐old boys. Methods: Forty subjects of seven to nine‐year‐old boys selected randomly by a personal information questionnaire. After pretest by Test of Gross Motor Development‐ edition 2 (TGMD‐2), gross motor skill, locomotor and object control motor skills, subjects were divided by random matching into two groups. The first group performed traditional games and the second group performed daily activities. Then children in first group played traditional game at 24 sessions. After 12 and 24 sessions, traditional game and daily activity groups participated in the mid and post tests. Data were analyzed by Variance Analyze of Repeated Measures. Findings T he results showed that traditional games with mean difference in fundamental motor skill development (17.12, P<0.001), and also with mean difference in locomotor (2.23, P=0.002), and mean difference) in object control skill development (2.27, P=0.002) significantly are more effective than daily activities. Conclusion: Traditional game program is appropriate for a fundamental motor skill development.