Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics 

About: Izvestiya Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics is an academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Atmosphere & Geology. It has an ISSN identifier of 0001-4338. Over the lifetime, 1884 publications have been published receiving 12083 citations. The journal is also known as: Atmospheric and oceanic physics.

Simulating present-day climate with the INMCM4.0 coupled model of the atmospheric and oceanic general circulations

Abstract: The INMCM3.0 climate model has formed the basis for the development of a new climate-model version: the INMCM4.0. It differs from the previous version in that there is an increase in its spatial resolution and some changes in the formulation of coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation models. A numerical experiment was conducted on the basis of this new version to simulate the present-day climate. The model data were compared with observational data and the INMCM3.0 model data. It is shown that the new model adequately reproduces the most significant features of the observed atmospheric and oceanic climate. This new model is ready to participate in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), the results of which are to be used in preparing the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

Tropospheric Lapse Rate and Its Relation to Surface Temperature from Reanalysis Data

Abstract: Estimates of the tropospheric lapse rate γ and analysis of its relation to the surface temperature Ts in the annual cycle and interannual variability have been made using the global monthly mean data of the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (1948–2001). The tropospheric lapse rate γ is about 6.1 K/km in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) as a whole and over the ocean and about 6.2 K/km over the continents. The value of γ decreases from 6.5 K/km at low latitudes to 4.5 K/km at polar latitudes. The values of dγ/dTs, the parameter of sensitivity of γ to the variation of Ts for the NH in the interannual variability, are found to be about 0.04 km−1 (0.041 km−1 for the NH as a whole, 0.042 km−1 over the ocean, and 0.038 km−1 over the continents). This corresponds to an increase in γ of approximately 0.7% when the surface temperature of the NH is increased by 1 K. Estimates of dγ/dTs vary from about 0.05 km−1 in the subtropics to 0.10 km−1 at polar latitudes. When dγ/dTs is positive, the surface and tropospheric warming means a temperature decrease above a certain critical level Hcr. The height of the level Hcr with constant temperature, which is defined by the inverse value (dγ/dTs)−1, is about 25 km for the NH as a whole, i.e., above the tropopause. In the subtropics, Hcr is about 20 km. At polar latitudes, Hcr decreases to about 10 km. Positive values of dγ/dTs characterize a positive climatic feedback through the lapse rate and indicate a general decrease in the static stability of the troposphere during global warming. Along with a general tendency of γ to increase with rising Ts, there are regional regimes with the opposite tendency, mainly over the ocean. The negative correlation of γ with Ts is found over the oceanic tropics and midlatitudes, in particular, over the oceanic belt around Antarctica.

Simulation of Climate Changes in the 20th-22nd Centuries with a Coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model

Abstract: The results of numerical experiments with a coupled atmosphere-ocean general circulation model on the reproduction of climate changes during the 20th century and on the simulation of possible climate changes during the 21st-22nd centuries according to three IPCC scenarios of variations in the concentrations of greenhouse and other gases, as well as the results of the experiments with the doubled and quadruple con- centrations of CO 2 , are considered. An increase in the near-surface air temperature during the 20th century and the features of the observed climate changes, such as warming in 1940-1950 and its slowing down in 1960- 1970, are adequately reproduced in the model. According to the model, the air-temperature increase during the 22nd century (as compared to the end of the 20th century) varies from 2 K for the most moderate scenario to 5 K for the warmest scenario. This estimate is somewhat lower than the expected warming averaged over the data of all models presented in the third IPCC report. According to model data, in the 22nd century, under all scenarios, at the end of summer, a complete or almost complete sea-ice melting will occur in the Arctic. Accord- ing to the model, by the year 2200, the sea level will vary by 20 to 45 cm as compared to the level at the end of the 20th century.

Specific features of the 2010 summer heat formation in the European territory of Russia in the context of general climate changes and climate anomalies

Abstract: Specific features of the extreme summer heat of 2010 in the European part of Russia are analyzed against the background of global and regional climate changes taking into account antropogenic influences and natural anomalies related, in particular, to the El Nino/La Nina phenomena. The tendencies of the char� acteristics of the activity of blocking anticyclones (blockings) responsible for the formation of drought regimes and the increase in the fire hazard at midlatitudes are estimated in connection with climate changes.

Numerical modeling of methane emissions from lakes in the permafrost zone

Abstract: A brief review of published observations of methane fluxes to the atmosphere from bogs and lakes in the permafrost zone is presented. Approaches to modeling the emission of methane from bogs are consid� ered, and their advantages and shortcomings, in particular, from the point of view of their coupling to climate models, are outlined. A onedimensional model develope d by the authors for methane generation, transport, and sink in the ground-water body system and coupled to a hydrothermodynamic model of a water body is described. The approaches used in analogous models for bogs as well as new parametrizations describing lake� specific processes are applied. A parametrization of methane generation in vicinity the lower boundary of the thawed ground zone underneath a water body (talik) is suggested. The results of calibrating this model against available observations of methane emission from the thermokarst Shuchi Lake in northeastern Siberia are dis� cussed.