Showing papers in "Journal of Aerosol Science in 1998"

TL;DR: In this article, a new HEI study showed that some low-emission diesel engines emit much higher concentrations of nanoparticles than older designs and other low-EMission designs, which has raised questions about whether nanoparticle (number based) emission standards should be imposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a sequence of events following pulmonary deposition of ultrafine particles can be hypothesised, based on studies to date, which can be seen as an important factor in stimulating inflammation and interstitial transfer.

TL;DR: In this article, the main applications of current interest including some discussions of the underlying phenomena are dealt with, including some experiments for synthesizing nanoparticles in the gas phase aiming at any of the above mentioned functional applications.

TL;DR: Nano-DMA as mentioned in this paper is based on a cylindrical configuration and is optimized by means of the numerical model of Chen and Pui (1997, J. Aerosol Sci. 28, 985-1004).

TL;DR: In this paper, a simple and straightforward recipe for characterizing the structural and fractal properties of aggregates from projected images is presented, starting from geometrical properties that are directly measured from the projected image, such as primary particle mean diameter, maximum projected length, projected area, and overlap coefficient.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of sea-salt-aerosol pH on oxidation processes, sulfur cycling, and surface-ocean fertilization are investigated under clean and polluted conditions, and the relative contribution of H 2 SO 4(g) scavenging to S (VI) in sea salt increases with decreasing pH.

TL;DR: In this paper, the concentration of submicron particles, HCl and SO2 in the flue gas from the combustion of straw from wheat, barley and oil seed rape was studied by field measurements on two utility boilers.

TL;DR: In this article, the ice-forming activity of soot particles of various sizes has been studied in a cloud chamber under temperatures ranging from −5 to −20°C, and it was found that the fraction of particles forming ice crystals was influenced by the temperature, the mean radius of aerosol particles and the degree of oxidising of the soot particle surface.

TL;DR: In this article, the feasibility of producing relatively monodisperse and biologically active insulin particles by electrospray drying is demonstrated, where the process entails dissolving dry insulin in an acidic ethanol-water solution and, after solvent evaporation, dry residues can be collected on suitable deposition substrates.

TL;DR: In this paper, a condensational particle counter (CPC) was adapted to operate together with an ultrasonic anemometer as an eddy covariance (EC) measurement system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the main constituents replacing chloride from supermicron sea-salt particles were sulfate and nitrate followed by MSA- and oxalate, and with malonate and succinate giving a minor contribution.

TL;DR: In this article, a premixed flat flame aerosol was generated from three sets of precursors: SiO 2 /TiO 2, SiBr 4 /TiCl 4, SiCl 4 / TiCl 4, and hexamethyl disiloxane (HMDS)/TiCl4.

TL;DR: The general dynamic equation for aerosol evolution is converted into a set of differential equations for the rate of change of the moments, Mm by multiplying the equation by vm and integrating over all v byquadrature sums over the distribution evaluated at discrete quadrature points.

TL;DR: In this article, a new process for the production of nanostructured materials, hypersonic plasma particle deposition (HPPD), is experimentally investigated, where vapor phase precursors are injected into a flowing plasma generated by a DC arc.

TL;DR: In this paper, light scattering, UV-visible absorption and UV laser excited fluorescence measurements were performed in rich laminar premixed flames in order to assess the contribution of soot and other organic aerosols to the particulate produced in flames.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the nature of nanometer particles involving considerations of the kinetic theory of gases, quantum mechanics, and aerosol dynamics, and show that particles in the size range below about 5nm contain only few molecules with a high proportion at the surface.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured thermophoretic deposition of aerosol particles in a 0.965m long, 0.49 cm ID stainless-steel pipe under laminar and turbulent flow conditions.

TL;DR: Aerosol particle detection and sizing techniques have recently been extended downwards to a size range commensurate with the size of many important biomolecules as mentioned in this paper, and the combination of this electrospray generation with the improved aerosol techniques makes possible a new method of size analysis for biom molecules.

TL;DR: In this article, three methods of comparison were applied to databases for the fine aerosol from seven sites around the world, five urban and two nonurban, using the most extensive database, for Los Angeles, as a reference.

TL;DR: In this article, fly ash formation and behaviour during combustion of willow (supplemented by 20% of wood pellets) was studied experimentally in a 3-12MW circulating fluidized bed boiler.

TL;DR: The electrical aerosol spectrometer (EAS) of the parallel measuring principle at Tartu University is an efficient instrument for rapid measurement of the unstable size spectrum of aerosol particles as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a sectional model for the formation of sulphuric acid-water particles has been developed, which includes gas-phase chemistry and aerosol dynamics, and it is shown that after a nucleation event the nucleated particle concentration is linearly dependent on increased UV-B irradiation with a positive slope.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the substitution of sea-salt chloride by nitrate was independent of size, which shows that the generation of the product (HCI gas) was the rate-limiting reaction step.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the crystallisation of laboratory aerosols of ammonium nitrate and of internal mixtures of this salt with ammonium sulphate using humidity controlled nephelometry.

TL;DR: In this article, a low-pressure impactor and a differential mobility analyser were used to determine the fractal-like dimension (d qf ) of diesel soot particles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the properties and evolution of different distributions of the same size distribution and show that despite their dissimilarity (e.g., multimode vs single mode) they exhibit virtually identical physical and optical properties and dynamics.

TL;DR: In this paper, a number of aerosol analysis tools, including differential mobility analysis, total and black-carbon mass measurement, photoelectron emission, and low-pressure impaction are applied to characterize particles in the exhaust of technical combustion systems burning liquid fuel.