Showing papers in "Journal of Aerosol Science in 2013"

TL;DR: In this paper, two Euro 4 gasoline passenger vehicles (one gasoline direct injected vehicle and one port fuel injected vehicle) were tested over the cold start New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).

TL;DR: In this paper, a large study on the comparability of various aerosol instruments was conducted, which involved altogether 24 instruments, including eleven scanning, sequential and fast mobility particle sizers (five Grimm SMPS+C, three TSI SMPS and three FMPS) with different settings and differential mobility analyzers (DMAs), twelve instruments based on unipolar diffusion charging to determine size integrated concentrations and in some cases mean particle size.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss design and fabrication criteria as well as observed performance for several variants of a miniature supercritical DMA weighing 2.7 kg. But their performance is limited by concentricity errors, magnified by the small gaps used.

TL;DR: In this article, the structure transformation of soot particles under different humidity conditions was monitored using a Differential Mobility Analyzer-Aerosol Particle Mass Analyzer (DMA-APM) and Tandem Differential Mapping Analyzers (TDMA) methods.

TL;DR: In this paper, the characteristics, sources and water-solubility of submicron organic aerosol (OA) were investigated in Helsinki, Finland using an Aerodyne high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the design and performance characteristics of a new type cyclone separator, which is based on the idea of improving cyclone efficiency by increasing the vortex length.

TL;DR: In this paper, the hygroscopic properties of fresh and aged wood burning particles were investigated under controlled laboratory conditions in several smog chamber experiments, and the results indicated that it is not possible to use only one κ value for different burning phases and aging times of wood combustion particles in climate models.

TL;DR: In this paper, a Monte Carlo model for particle resuspension from substrate under turbulent flow conditions was developed, where the forces and torque acting on a particle were evaluated and the criteria for the rolling detachment of rough spherical and nearly spherical particles from substrate in the presence of turbulence bursts in the viscous sublayer region were used in the analysis.

TL;DR: Mamakos et al. as mentioned in this paper assessed three different technical approaches targeting the control of particle number (PN) emissions from stoichiometric direct injection gasoline vehicles, and the most efficient measure was found to be the installation of a gasoline particulate filter which, with a filtration efficiency of more than 90%, effectively reduced the PN emission below the legislated diesel threshold of 6×1011 #/km under all operating conditions examined.

TL;DR: In this article, a Brownian Dynamics (BD) method to calculate the steady state charge distribution on spherical and non-spherical aerosol particles is presented which circumvents ion-particle collision rate calculation.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of different thermal treatments on radiocarbon measurements of organic (OC) and elemental (EC) carbon fractions in the atmospheric aerosol were investigated and compared.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a wind tunnel to measure dry deposition velocities of a submicron aerosol onto horizontal and vertical urban surfaces of glass, cement facing and grass for several wind speeds.

TL;DR: In this article, mass spectra showing organic species with mass-to-charge ratios between 15 and 900 sampled from near-atmospheric pressure, non-premixed, opposed-flow flames of acetylene, ethylene, and propane using an aerosol mass spectrometer with flash vaporization.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of extending the legislated particle number (PN) measurement procedure to control diesel exhaust emissions under unregulated driving conditions, including tests at −7°C and during regeneration of the particulate filter, and reduced the lowest detectable size below 23nm.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the antiviral activity of TTO and EUO aerosols in range of concentrations against Influenza A virus and E. coli phage M13, and found that both tested oils aerosols possess strong antiviral action and capable of inactivating model viruses with efficiency of more than 95% within 5-15min of exposure.

TL;DR: In this paper, an electrically heated diesel vaporizer was developed to collect particulate samples for trace metal content and Benzene Soluble Organic Fraction (BSOF), which is considered to be a marker of toxicity.

TL;DR: In this paper, a side-mounted 2.4-L gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine was evaluated using a metal foam-type gasoline particulate filter (GPF), placed on the downstream of a three-way catalyst.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mobile resuspended road dust PM10 sampler was developed and constructed which simulates the effects of traffic or gusting winds on road surfaces and collects ressuspended PM110 samples in a cyclone separator and PM1 samples on filters.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Lattice Boltzmann-Cellular Automata (LB-CA) probabilistic model for particle-laden flows was introduced to simulate the filtration process of multi-layer fiber filters with different fiber arrangement, and then the effects of the fiber arrangement on the capture efficiency, pressure drop, quality factor, and capture contribution were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of wood combustion on atmospheric particulate matter (PM) was studied, investigating its contribution to the carbonaceous PM fraction and to benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P) and polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD/F) concentrations, using levoglucosan as a marker.

TL;DR: In this article, an improved version of the Rock-n-Roll model is developed where this model employs a stochastic approach to resuspension involving the rocking and rolling of a particle about surface asperities arising from the moments of the fluctuating drag forces acting on the particle close to the surface.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-level asymmetric lung bifurcation model was used for fiber transport and deposition in the human upper airway, and the results showed that the elongated fibers were aligned with the main flow direction most of the time, but occasionally they experienced impulsive rotation along their pathway.

TL;DR: In this paper, the unipolar charging of conducting, arbitrary shaped particles is studied theoretically by a combination of dimensional analysis, Brownian dynamics (BD), and molecular dynamics (MD), and the collision kernel is found to be described accurately by a simple-to-use expression across the entire diffusive Knudsen number Kn D range (from the continuum regime to the free molecular regime).

TL;DR: In this article, a version of the catalytic stripper was examined, where the oxidation catalyst was combined with a sulphur trap in order to oxidise hydrocarbon species and to bind sulphates on the surface.

TL;DR: In this article, a new computational fluid dynamics model was developed to simulate the behaviour of fibrous filters used to treat liquid aerosols, which can resolve the fundamental processes that occur in coalescing filters, such as aerosol droplet capture, coalescence, film break-up, and motion of coalesced liquid droplets.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer particle deposition and resuspension between periodic steps in a turbulent channel flow was experimentally studied using a small-scale wind tunnel, where periodic steps were placed on the channel floor to induce a complex flow field characterized by flow separations, recirculation and reattachment zones.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of spore morphology, airflow conditions, and surface structure on dry deposition of spores of forest-dwelling basidiomycete fungi were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, a set of realistic mouth-throat geometries at a flow rate of 30 L/min is studied in order to determine the effect of intrasubject and intersubject variations on the mean flow patterns and the turbulence fluctuations.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored potential environmental and health aspects of metal fuel borne catalysts (FBCs) in diesel fuels, when burned in diesel engines without DPF's.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of three Portable Emission Measurement Systems (PEMS) for Particulate Matter (PM) was assessed in a laboratory against reference instrumentation in engine dynamometer testing of five Heavy Duty Engines of different aftertreatment technologies.