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Showing papers in "Journal of analytical and bioanalytical techniques in 2018"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the average concentration of 4, 4’-DDT was 5.77 ± 0.18 mg/kg in the Ezha woreda and 4.59± 0.17 mg/ kg in Enamorna Ener woredA respectively.
Abstract: This study was conducted with the objective of profile of some pesticide residue on chewable part of Catha edulis. The samples were collected from Gurage zone of different sites, the three different dominant Wore; Cheha, Ezha, Enemorna Ener woreda. because most of the Catha edulis sold in Gurage zone was distributed form these places, and DDT was sprayed on them. Chewable parts of Catha edulis were bought from the local farms in each site. The collected sample was placed in plastic materials until sample preparation and analysis by GC-MS. The percentage recovery obtained for DDT and its metabolite in the present study for the QuEChERS extraction method was in the range of reference put by international organization. 4, 4’-DDT and its metabolite (4, 4’-DDE and 4, 4’- DDD) were determined in Catha edulis samples obtained from Ezha and Enamor woreda. Accordingly, the average concentration of 4, 4’-DDT was 5.77 ± 0.18 mg/kg in the Ezha woreda and 4.77 ± 0.17 mg/kg in the Enamorna Ener woreda. The average concentrations of the first DDT metabolite, 4, 4’-DDD was 2.59 ± 0.09 mg/kg in Catha edulis sample of Ezha and 1.41 ± 0.05 mg/kg in Enamor while the average concentration of the second DDT metabolite, 4, 4’-DDE is 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/kg in Ezha and 0.07 ± 0.02 mg/kg in Enamor woreda respectively. Value of DDT and its metabolite determined in Catha edulis samples obtained from selected woredas of Gurage zone is somewhat high. This indicates that, the farmers who cultivate the Catha edulis plant in the indicated areas of Gurage zone had been using the DDT and spraying it on their Catha edulis plant to control different pests. Hence, this finding is expected to be an alarm so that similar study could be carried out.

4 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a polyvinylchloride (PVC)-based membrane was used as an ionophore and showed good selectivity for Pb(II) ions over the other cations.
Abstract: 2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde has been explored as an ionophore and fabricated in a polyvinylchloride (PVC)-based membrane. The electrode shows excellent potentiometric response characteristics and displays a linear log [Pb(II)] versus emf response over a wide concentration range of 1.2 × 10-7 M to 1.0 × 10-1 M with detection limit 3.3 × 10-8 M and having nernstian slope of 29.06 mV/decade. Potential response remains almost unchanged at pH range of 3.0-8.0. The electrode shows fast response time of <10 s and a lifetime of four months. It shows good selectivity for Pb(II) ions over the other cations. The complexation 2,2'-[propane-1,3- diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde and Pb(II) cation was studied spectrophotometrically in 1:1 DMF:H2 O mixed solvents. Spectra shows the strong interaction between Ionophore and Pb(II) ion. The electrode can also be used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of Pb(II) ions with standard chromate solution and its determination in real samples.

3 citations




Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Lysozyme has been crosslinked successfully as established by the ‘dimeric’ band observed in SDS-PAGE, and a new small NHS-aryl azido heterobifunctional cross-linker based is described here, which picks intermolecular crosslinking better.
Abstract: Chemical cross-linking-mass spectrometry (CX-MS) combined with bioinformatics tools is increasingly being used to analyze large-scale protein–protein interactions. It has gained importance in studies in proteomics, lipidomics, in systems and structural biology. Recently it has gained importance in preparation of homogeneous antibody-drug conjugates, which has been described as “a pinnacle of such targeting efforts.” What makes these approaches exciting is that using the “Click” and Bertozzi protocols in vivo studies can be carried out successfully. Using CX-MS combined with cryo-EM, structures of protein complexes can now be probed at almost molecular resolution (upto 3 A). Chemical crosslinking is useful in materials science, as well. Major advances in both mass spectrometric techniques and bioinformatics tools today allow one to identify cross-linked peptides with highconfidence and with more user-friendly approaches. Crucial to this is the ability to capture intermolecular crosslinking reliably. The use of a new small NHS-aryl azido heterobifunctional cross-linker based is described here, which picks intermolecular crosslinking better. Thus, Lysozyme has been crosslinked successfully as established by the ‘dimeric’ band observed in SDS-PAGE. its tryptic digestion, ‘zip tip’ enrichment, ESI-MS, MS/MS and the data generated analyzed using StavroX 3.6.0.1, a bioinformatics software, especially suited for determining intermolecular crosslinking.

3 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To determination free tramadol and its metabolite in liver tissues by using two methods of extraction and comparison concentrations by HPLC-DAD of liver old male 35 years over dose in Upper Egypt.
Abstract: Tramadol prescribed narcotic analgesic; tramadol overdose was reported old male 35 years. Free tramadol and its metabolite isolated by two methods of extraction, Stas Otto and ammonium sulfate extraction from liver tissues and comparison between efficiency of the two methods. Liver extractions have tramadol and main metabolite O-desmethyltramadol was quantified by HPLC-DAD. Tramadol was determined in liver concentration 27.98 μg/g and 27.93 O-desmethyltramadol in Stas Otto. Liver concentration of tramadol 23.92 μg/g and O-desmethyltramadol 9.62 μg/g in ammonium sulfate extraction. Objective: To determination free tramadol and its metabolite in liver tissues by using two methods of extraction and comparison concentrations by HPLC-DAD of liver old male 35 years over dose in Upper Egypt.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This study validates the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in microgram levels of particulate matter collected on filters by two low-flow rate, real-time monitors, microPEM™ and microAeth® and can provide additional important PAH exposure information that can benefit many environmental health studies using these monitors.
Abstract: This study validates the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in microgram levels of particulate matter (PM) collected on filters by two low-flow rate, real-time monitors, microPEM™ and microAeth®. Particleassociated PAHs were analyzed by a coupling of a gas chromatograph to a sensitive, atmospheric-pressure laser ionization-mass spectrometer. Air particulate samples were collected over the course of one or two days in the living room of a fourth-floor apartment in New York City. Three types of samplers, the two aforementioned personal samplers and a high-flow rate pump (4 liters per minute), were operated side by side, and three samples of each type were collected during each sampling period. Intrasampler agreement as measured by relative standard deviation (RSD) was within 1% to 18%. After background subtraction, total PAH measured by all three sampler types had good agreement (R=0.99). This ability to accurately characterize personal PAH exposure in archived filters collected by these real-time samplers could provide additional important PAH exposure information that can benefit many environmental health studies using these monitors.

2 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the leaching potential of ceramic crockeries available in Qatar market using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and found that they contain both leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals, however, the concentration of these heavy metals is not potentially high to cause any adverse effect on human health.
Abstract: In this study, the leaching potential of ceramic crockeries available in Qatar market has been evaluated using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Ceramic crockeries decorated with glaze matter containing various essential (Zinc, Iron, and Barium, etc.) and non-essential heavy metals (lead and cadmium) can adulterate the foodstuff and/or can release deadly metals into the food substance. Chines, Indian, and Spanish ceramic crockeries were randomly selected from the products available in the local Qatari market and analyzed to determine the level of leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. Leaching studies were performed according to the ASTM 738-94 standard test methods for specific metals leaching into 4% acetic acid solutions over 24 hours exposure time. ASTM 738-94 is a precise and standard method and particularly designed for the determination of some heavy metals extracted by acetic acid from the glazed ceramic surface. Results show that all the ceramic crockeries contain both leachable essential and non-essential heavy metals. However, the concentration of these heavy metals is not potentially high to cause any adverse effect on human health.

2 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: DNA microarray testing is a helpful and instrumental screening method in the diagnosis of genetic hearing loss and early detection of common deafness mutations is a factor for diagnosing and rescuing, helping hearing-loss children to develop their language and awareness normally.
Abstract: Object: To identify the presentation of deafness-related gene caused non-syndromic hearing loss in Vietnamese children.Methods: Apply DNA microarray to 250 hearing-impaired and 250 normal children in Hanoi to screen nine mutational hot spots of four deafness genes, namely GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and 12S rRNA.Results: there are 16 hearing loss participants carried mutations, account for 6.4% in comparison with 0 % of control group. The carrier rates of GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, 12S rRNA mutations were 4.4%, 0%, 1.2% and 0.8% respectively.Conclusion: Early detection of common deafness mutations is a factor for diagnosing and rescuing, helping hearing-loss children to develop their language and awareness normally. Microarray testing is a helpful and instrumental screening method in the diagnosis of genetic hearing loss.

1 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The developed and validated liquid chromatographic method is able to quantify the drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in the presence of degradation products.
Abstract: A new sensitive, selective, precise and accurate stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in bulk and combined tablet dosage form. Separation and analysis of drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate was achieved on Waters C18 (5 μm, 250 mm × 4.6 mm) column using 0.1% H3PO4, methanol and acetonitrile in the ratio of 60:20:20 (v/v/v) as mobile phase at 27°C. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The effluents were monitored with detector set at 245 nm. The method validation was done with regard to the guidelines by the International Conference on Harmonization and US Food and Drug Administration. All the validation characteristics are within the acceptance criteria. The studied drugs were subjected to acid, alkali and neutral hydrolysis, hydrogen peroxide oxidation, thermal degradation, and photo (sunlight) degradation. The peaks of degradation products were well resolved from the peaks of three analytes (drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate). Hence, the developed and validated liquid chromatographic method is able to quantify the drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol and levomefolate in the presence of degradation products.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a fixed-bed reactor was used to assess the performance of composite catalysts over the temperature range: 300-600°C, using varying water:ethanol molar ratio, was evaluated in terms of hydrogen yield and product selectivity.
Abstract: During the last few decades, there has been a growing interest in developing alternative energy systems to fossil fuels. Steam reforming of ethanol for producing hydrogen gas is promising since ethanol can readily be obtained through bio-mass fermentation. In the present work, catalytic activity of silica-supported bimetallic Co-Cu composites, for hydrogen production by steam reforming of ethanol, has been studied. A fixed-bed reactor was used to assess the performance of composite catalysts over the temperature range: 300-600°C. Catalyst activity, using varying water:ethanol molar ratio, was evaluated in terms of hydrogen yield and product selectivity. Ethanol conversion, hydrogen yield and selectivity were found to increase on raising water: ethanol molar ratio, catalyst load and the Co:Cu ratio. The catalyst with composition 8% Co/4% Cu/SiO2 at water:ethanol ratio 9:1 and temperature 500°C, gave ethanol conversion as high as 97.2%.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of the study was to investigate the primary metabolite such as carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, moisture and ash in leaf and fruit of three varieties of pumpkin namely; Jarrahdale, Porcelain Doll and Sugar pie.
Abstract: Pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L), an herbaceous running plant belonging to family Cucurbitaceae, is one of the natu­ral resources grown in Ethiopia. It is a medium sized plant grown for its fruits, leaves, seeds and flowers are edible. The leaf and fruit produced by C. pepo is the most palatable vegetables in the country. The purpose of the study was to investigate the primary metabolite such as carbohydrate, protein, fat, fiber, moisture and ash in leaf and fruit of three varieties of pumpkin namely; Jarrahdale, Porcelain Doll and Sugar pie. Young leaves and ripened fruits of the varieties of pumpkin were collected from selected districts of Gurage zone. Composite sample was grinded to powder size and air dried before analysis. The results obtained were: Carbohydrate (28.15%)>Protein (26.31%)>Fiber (17.55%)>Ash (10.96%)>Moisture (10.17%) in leaves and Carbohydrate (41.68%)>Moisture (17.33%)>Fiber (16.50%)>Ash (10.95%)>Protein (9.88%)>Fat (3.66%) in fruits of pumpkin were determined using Kjeldahl method (AOAC official method: 920.39, 925.10, 962.09) and APHA 2540. The contents in the plant are high enough and proportional to common vegetables. It is recommendable to enhance the consumption of leaf and fruits of plants.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors defined pests as any living organisms interfering with the agricultural activity in a negative way, and the major pests were observed that hamper the growth of agricultural crops are insects, fungi and weeds.
Abstract: Pest is defined as any living organisms interfering with the agricultural activity in a negative way. The major pests were observed that hamper the growth of agricultural crops are insects, fungi, and weeds. Pesticides are the chemicals used against pests. Many precautions are taken to avoid these pests. But, there should be a strategy for use of the chemicals for the sake of food safety. Which means many different products should be under routine control for pesticides residue in a specific zone [1]. Governments in many countries have established new institutions, standards, and methods for regulating food safety and have increased investments in hazard control. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development recognized food as major vehicles for trade commodity and environmental contamination. Sustainable agricultural practices that are promoted for mitigating climate change have the potential to also improve pest management [2]. The over use of synthetic chemicals to control pests and diseases has become widespread in the 20th century especially after the Second World War. An increase in food production has been observed with the increasing World population. However, the quality of food came as a big questions over time. It has been observed that farmers aim to get more and more yield lead to apply more synthetic pesticides. The pesticides were identified as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention in 2001. Chemical substances and their persistance in the environment, bio-accumulation through the food web, pose a risk of causing adverse effects to human health and the environment. Pesticides are grouped in many classes among them Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) played an important role at the beginning.