Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances 

About: Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Feed conversion ratio & Dairy cattle. It has an ISSN identifier of 1680-5593. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 2321 publications have been published receiving 16308 citations.

Bone grafting and bone graft substitutes

Abstract: Restoring skeletal integrity and bone tissue regeneration is still a significant challenging issue. In this regard, bone grafting have been used to augment orthopedic repairs in human and veterinary surgery for several decades and still being under many investigation to hunt for new approaches to improve bone healing following incidences of bone complications. Bone graft is bone transplant and is categorized into autogenous and allogenic grafts as well as synthetic bone graft which are bone graft substitutes. Each of these classified grafts have some advantageous as well as a range of drawbacks, which researchers are still looking to remove those disadvantageous. Finding new instruments and new sites for graft harvests are the major concerns of researchers to diminish the morbidities of donor site in autografts. Looking for agents boosting inductivity of the allografts is the main worries of these kinds of grafting materials and finally new fabrication techniques by new pore sizes are the significant bothering for synthetic bone graft substitutes. This review would consider all grafting methods and materials that would open new windows to the bone grafting techniques.

Phytogenics as new class of feed additive in poultry industry

Abstract: The aim of this study summarizes the experimental knowledge on efficacy, possible modes of activity and aspects of application of phytogenic products as feed additives for poultry. Feed additives are a group of feed ingredients that can cause a desired animal response in a non-nutrient role such as pH shift, growth or metabolic modifier. Many substances found in nature have a wide range of growth promoting, immunostimulatory or antimicrobial activity. Common feed additives used in poultry diets include antimicrobials, antioxidants, pH control agents and exzymes. Phytogenic are a relatively young class of feed additives and in recent years this feed additives have gained considerable attention in the feed industry. They are a wide variety of herbs, spices and products derived thereof and are mainly essential oils. Although, numerous reports have demonstrated antioxidative and antimicrobial and immune stimulation efficacy in vitro, respective experimental in vivo evidences is still quite limited. A limited number of experimental comparisons of phytogenic feed additives with antibiotics and acidifiers have suggested similar effects on the gut. Gut microflora has significant effects on host nutrition, health and growth performance by interacting with nutrient utilization and the development of gut system of the host. In addition, some phytogenic compounds seem to promote intestinal mucus production. However, a systematic approach toward the efficacy and safety of phytogenic compounds used as feed additives for poultry is still lacking.

The potential benefits of probiotics in animal production and health.

Abstract: Probiotics are defined as microbial food supplements which beneficially affect the host animal by improving its intestinal microbial balance. The probiotics were improved feed conversion for the target species, reduced morbidity or mortality and benefits for the consumer through improved product quality. In this study, we found that a combination of probiotics with different mechanisms of action could amplify the protective range of bio-therapeutic preparations and the potentiated probiotics are more effective than their components separately. Bacterial probiotics were effective in chickens, pigs and pre-ruminant calves, whereas yeasts and fungal probiotics were given better results in adult ruminants. Probiotics were enhanced the growth of many domestic animals improved the efficacy of forage digestion and quantity and quality of milk, meat and egg. Probiotics protected animals against pathogens, enhanced immune response, reduced antibiotic use and shows high index of safety. The trend for future could be focus on basic research to identify and characterize existing probiotics strains, determine optimal doses needed for certain strain and asses their stability through processing and digestion.