Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry 

About: Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry is an academic journal published by The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Chemistry & Fermentation. It has an ISSN identifier of 1976-0442. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 1047 publications have been published receiving 4542 citations. The journal is also known as: JABC.

Larvicidal Activity of Brazilian Plants against Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Abstract: Larvicidal activity of methanol extracts of 34 Brazilian plants against early 4th-instar larvae of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Culex pipiens pallens (Coquillett) was examined. At 200 ppm of the Cassia orymbosa and Rubia tinctorm extracts, 100% mortality in larvae of A. aegypti and C. pipiens pallens was obtained. Extract of R. tinctorm gave 45.7 and 69.5% mortalities in the larvae of A. aegypti and C. pipiens pallens at 50 ppm, but 20.4 and 36.4% mortality against larvae of A. aegypti and C. pipiens pallens at 25 ppm, respectively. Extract of C. orymbosa caused 15.3% mortality of the 4th-instar larvae of C. pipiens pallens at 25 ppm. Larvicidal activity of C. orymbosa extract was significantly reduced when used at 25 ppm.

Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids and Their Glucosides from Sonchus oleraceus L.

Abstract: Eight compounds, including 2 flavones, luteolin (1) and apigenin (2), 2 flavonols, kaempferol (3) and quercetin (4), and 4 flavonoid glucosides, luteolin-7-O--D-glucoside (5), apigetrin (6), astragalin (7), and isoquercitrin (8), isolated from the whole herb of Sonchus oleraceus L. were analyzed on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence. This was the first time to report compounds 3, 4, 6, 7 and 8 from the Sonchus oleraceus L. The antioxidant activities of the isolated flavonoids and their glucoside derivatives were evaluated by DPPH free radical-scavenging assay, showing that compounds 1, 3, 4 and 8 exhibited stronger antioxidant activities compared with , tocopherol and curcumin. Flavonoids containing more hydroxyl groups exhibited better antioxidant activities. The antioxidant activity of flavonols was superior to their corresponding flavones, and that of aglycone are more potent than their glucoside derivatives.

Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions onto Chemically Oxidized Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. (Kapok) Fibers

Abstract: The physico-chemical properties of kapok fibers were altered via the combination processes of chlorite-periodate oxidation, in order to assess their efficacy as a heavy metal adsorbent. The chemically-oxidized kapok fibers were found to harbor a certain amount of polysaccharides, together with lowered lignin content. This alteration in lignin characteristics was clearly confirmed via FTIR and NBO yield. Moreover, chemically oxidized kapok fibers retained their hollow tube shape, although some changes were noted. The chemically oxidized kapok fibers evidenced elevated ability to adsorb heavy metal ions with the best fit for the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Three cycles of adsorption-desorption were conducted with in-between regeneration steps. Our experimental results indicated that chemically oxidized kapok fibers possessed excellent adsorption characteristics, and the modified kapok fibers could be completely regenerated with almost equimolar diluted sodium hydroxide. Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn ions evidenced adsorption rates of 93.55%, 91.83%, 89.75%, and 92.85% on the chemically oxidized kapok fibers. The regeneration efficiency showed 73.58% of Pb, 71.55% of Cu, 66.87% of Cd, and 75.00% of Zn for 3rd cycle with 0.0125N NaOH.

In vitro Screening of Jeju Medicinal Plants for Cosmeceutical Materials

Abstract: One of the important functions of skin is protection from harmful environments. Many studies have explored how to prevent skin from wrinkling and the occurrence of pigmentation changes. Skin wrinkling and pigmentation changes could be caused by unusual disruption of connective tissue, the formation of free radicals and ultraviolet radiation. In this study, extracts obtained from 254 different kinds of Jeju medicinal plants were screened for inhibitory effects on tyrosinase and elastase, and for free radical scavenging effects. Four herbs, Phormium tenax, Morus bombycis, Morus alba, and Cudrania tricuspidata, were potent inhibitors of tyrosinase ( values 4.62, 5.46, 8.17, and 64.17 /mL, respectively). Aleurites fordii [: 5.29 /mL, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)], Distylium racemosum (: 6.14 /mL), Acer palmatum (: 5.44 /mL), and Spiraea salicifolia (: 5.25 /mL) showed good antioxidative effects. Furthermore, Distylium racemosum (: 7.51 /mL), Diospyros kaki (: 15.1 /mL), Cornus macrophylla ( 16.59 /mL), and Psidium guajava (: 40.25 /mL) exhibited potent inhibitory effects on elastase. These results suggest that medicinal plants possessing several biological activities may be potent inhibitors of the processes involved in pigmentation increases and aging. Further investigations will focus on in vivo assays and on the chemical identification of the major active components responsible for whitening and anti-aging activity in the screened efficacious extracts.

Isolation of Flavonoids from the Fruits of Cornus kousa Burg.

Abstract: Dried, unripe fruits of Cornus kousa Burg. were extracted with 80% aqueous MeOH and the concentrated extracts were partitioned between EtOAc and . From the EtOAc fraction, four flavonoids were isolated through repeated silica gel, ODS and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies followed by a preparative HPLC. Based on the spectroscopic data including NMR, MS and IR, the chemical structures of the compounds were determined as kaempferol (1), astragalin (2), hyperin (3) and isoquercitrin (4). These compounds were isolated for the first time from the fruits of this plant.