Showing papers in "Journal of Biomechanics in 2006"

TL;DR: The discussion begins with the mechanical forces acting on tendons in vivo, tendon structure and composition, and its mechanical properties, followed by a discussion of tendon healing and the role of mechanical loading and fibroblast contraction in tissue healing.

TL;DR: This review of mechanical models developed to characterize mechanical responses of living cells when subjected to both transient and dynamic loads finds that the biphasic model has been widely used to study musculoskeletal cell mechanics.

TL;DR: The results of this study support the clinically based intuition that people who are at increased risk of falling walk slower to improve their stability, even at the cost of increased variability.

TL;DR: A residual elimination algorithm is introduced to compute pelvis and low back kinematic trajectories that ensure consistency between whole-body dynamics and measured ground reactions and a computed muscle control algorithm is used to vary muscle excitations to track experimental joint kinematics within a forward dynamic simulation.

TL;DR: The combined role of menisci and ligaments in load transmission and stability of the human knee was analyzed to reproduce the complex, nonuniform stress and strain fields that occur in the biological soft tissues involved and the kinematics of thehuman knee joint under a physiological external load.

TL;DR: It was concluded that aneurysmal degeneration of the abdominal aorta is associated with an increase in mechanical anisotropy, with preferential stiffening in the circumferential direction.

TL;DR: This review paper provides an overview of the current biological and biomechanical knowledge on normal knee ligaments, as well as ligament healing and reconstruction following injury, and deals with new and exciting functional tissue engineering approaches aimed at improving the healing of ligaments as the interface between a replacement graft and bone.

TL;DR: A new method is proposed, the symmetrical CoR estimation or SCoRE, in which the coordinates of the joint centre must only remain constant relative to each segment, thus not requiring the assumption that one segment should remain at rest.

TL;DR: Kinematic postural changes were consistent with the need to raise the limb for toe clearance and heel strike and to lift the body during upslope walking, and to control the descent of theBody during downslope Walking, suggesting these three tasks are not governed by the same control strategy.

TL;DR: The mechanisms by which the body enables walking up and downhill, specifically raising and lowering the centre of mass, and preventing slipping, can be seen in the alteration in the dynamics of the lower limbs.

TL;DR: Three-dimensional, nonlinear finite element model of the L3/L4 functional unit was used to study the influence of disc degeneration on motion segment mechanics and found that a mildly degenerated disc increases intersegmental rotation for all loading cases.

TL;DR: In the search to biomechanical explanations of chronic overuse injuries, like jumper's knee, not to consider the relation with impact peak force and impact peak moment, as it is recommended to filter the ground reaction force with the same cutoff frequency as the calculated accelerations.

TL;DR: Experimental data indicated that water loss significantly increased with each increase in drying condition, and it is speculated that loss of water in the collagen phase decreases the toughness of bone, whereas lost water associated with the mineral phase decreases both bone strength and toughness.

TL;DR: This study looks at pulsatile blood flow through four different right coronary arteries, which have been reconstructed from biplane angiograms, and shows that the use of a Newtonian blood model is a reasonably good approximation, but to study the flow within the artery in greater detail, a non-Newtonian model is more appropriate.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a relatively small group of muscles provides most of the forward progression and support needed for normal walking, and that walking dynamics are influenced by non-sagittal muscles, such as the gluteus medius, even though walking is primarily a sagittal-plane task.

TL;DR: The female ACL was found to have a lower mechanical properties when considering age, ACL, and body anthropometric measurements as covariates, and the effect of sex on tensile properties was assessed.

TL;DR: It is suggested that stress fibers, a contractile bundle of actin filaments, can bear intracellular stresses that may affect overall cell mechanical properties and will impact interpretation of intrACEllular stress distribution and force-transmission mechanism in adherent cells.

TL;DR: Results indicated that both the knee adduction moment and the frontal plane GRF varied considerably throughout stance and exhibited the characteristic "double-hump" pattern, while the frontal Plane lever arm magnitude varied only slightly during stance.

TL;DR: Comparisons of various mechano-regulation algorithms' abilities to describe normal fracture healing in one computational model suggest that the deviatoric component may be the most significant mechanical parameter to guide tissue differentiation during indirect fracture healing.

TL;DR: The regional distribution of wall thickness and failure properties in human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) was explored and failure tension of specimen strips at or close to blisters was mostly low.

TL;DR: The functional method identifies the hip joint centre (HJC) as the centre of rotation of the femur relative to the pelvis during an ad hoc movement normally recorded using stereophotogrammetry, and its accuracy and amplitude improved as a function of the amplitude of these movements.

TL;DR: The results showed that it is possible to automatically generate accurate finite element models of bones from CT data and that the strategy of material properties mapping has a significant influence on its accuracy.

TL;DR: Local perilacunar bone matrix strains due to macroscopically applied bone strains similar in magnitude to those that occur in vivo are quantified to lead to a better understanding of how bone cells are affected by whole bone functional loading.

TL;DR: The model for an implanted movable artificial disc illustrated complications common to spinal arthroplasty and showed greater risk of instability and further degeneration than predicted for the fused model.

TL;DR: This study proposes a new method to determine the mechanical properties of human skin by the use of the indentation test and consists of combining experimental results with a numerical finite elements model in order to find out the required parameters.

TL;DR: It is likely that high stress concentrations in vulnerable plaque may cause plaque rupture and lead to acute ischaemic sequelae, and a combination of in vivo high resolution MRI and FEA could potentially act as a useful tool to assess plaque vulnerability and risk stratify patients with carotid atheroma.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that chondrocytes are compressible, consistent with previous studies showing cell volume changes with compression of the extracellular matrix.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that using multiple regression BSP estimation functions derived from Zatsiorsky and Seluyanov should be recommended to assess joint kinetics.

TL;DR: The results of this study outline the mechanical performance limitations of an ankle-foot orthosis powered by artificial pneumatic muscles that could be valuable for gait rehabilitation and for studies investigating neuromechanical control of human walking.