Showing papers in "Journal of Biomechanics in 2010"

TL;DR: The analysis established the relationship between the attenuation rates of the movement artifact and the sEMG signal as a function of the filter band pass, and a Butterworth filter with a corner frequency of 20 Hz and a slope of 12 dB/oct is recommended for general use.

TL;DR: The emergence of stem cell mechanobiology and its future challenges with new biomimetic, three-dimensional scaffolds that are being used therapeutically to treat disease are presented.

TL;DR: A three-dimensional muscle-actuated simulation of the running gait cycle reveals that the quadriceps and plantarflexors are the major contributors to acceleration of the body mass center during running.

TL;DR: In general, resultant contact forces during dynamic activities were lower than the ones predicted by many mathematical models, but lay in a similar range as measured in vivo by others.

TL;DR: The known biomechanics of myofibroblast differentiation and action are reviewed and speculation on underlying mechanisms of the myofIBroblast origin is speculated on.

TL;DR: This paper demonstrates how SPM can be used to analyze both experimental and simulated biomechanical field data of arbitrary spatiotemporal dimensionality and suggests that SPM may be suitable for a wide variety of mechanical field applications.

TL;DR: The types of mechanical response measured of cytoskeletal F-actin networks and bundles formed in living cells are explored and how these measurements correspond to those performed on reconstituted F- actin networks formed in vitro are identified.

TL;DR: It was found that fatigue-like cost functions produced realistic gait, with stance phase kneeflexion, as opposed to energy-related cost functions which avoided knee flexion during the stance phase, concluding that fatigue minimization may be one of the primary optimality principles governing human gait.

TL;DR: The validation of a new wearable system based on the detection of temporal parameters, coupled to optimized fusion and de-drifted integration of inertial signals that allows to analyze various aspects of gait, including turns, gait initiation and termination, or inter-cycle variability is described.

TL;DR: Dissection of the role of mechanics in regulating bone cell fate and function, and translation of that knowledge to improved therapies, requires identification of relevant cues, multifactorial experimental approaches, and advanced model systems that mimic the mechanobiological environment.

TL;DR: The key functional signatures of the intervertebral disc are discussed and used to propose a series of native tissue benchmarks to guide the development of engineered replacement tissues, including measures of mechanical function under tensile, compressive, and shear deformations for the disc and its substructures.

TL;DR: Discriminant analysis showed that the notch width at the inlet was the best single predictor of ACL injury, and intercondylar notch volume was correlated to ACL volume.

TL;DR: Gait retraining to improve dynamic knee alignment resulted in significant reductions in the knee adduction moment, primarily through hip internal rotation, and systematic training led to more natural-feeling and less effortful execution of the gait pattern.

TL;DR: These data, assessed with a direct mechanical measurement, provide reliable high-resolution information and serve as a quantitative basis for further neuromechanical investigations on the mechanical properties of developing, adult and damaged CNS tissue.

TL;DR: This review explores the past work on the mechanics of individual microtubules, which have been studied for over a quarter of a century, and presents some prospective on future endeavors to determine the molecular mechanisms that control microtubule rigidity.

TL;DR: The present results on soft-tissue artifact, based on fluoroscopic measurements in healthy adult subjects, may be helpful in developing location- and direction-specific weighting factors for use in global optimization algorithms aimed at minimizing the effects of soft-Tissue artifact on calculations of knee joint rotations.

TL;DR: The elastic modulus of the epicardium significantly changes at birth, from an embryonic value of 12+/-4kPa to a neonatal value of 39+/-7kPa, which is in the range shown to significantly affect the development of neonatal cardiomyocytes.

TL;DR: This study evaluated a variety of existing and novel fall-detection algorithms for a waist-mounted accelerometer based system and found that using an algorithm that employs thresholds in velocity, impact and posture achieves 100% specificity and sensitivity with a false-positive rate of less than 1 false- positive (0.6 false-positives) per day of waking hours.

TL;DR: Findings provide evidence that the strain magnitude applied to the Achilles tendon should exceed the value, which occurs during habitual activities to trigger adaptational effects and that higher tendon strain duration per contraction leads to superior tendon adaptational responses.

TL;DR: Findings show that differences in tibial rotation during walking exist in ACL reconstructed knees compared to healthy contralateral knees, providing a potential explanation why these patients are at higher risk of knee osteoarthritis in the long-term.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that simplifications to the geometry of the bone-cartilage interface, cartilage surface and bone material properties can have a dramatic effect on the predicted magnitude and distribution of cartilage contact pressures in the hip joint.

TL;DR: Biomechanical modeling and experimental gait data were used to quantify individual muscle contributions to the mediolateral acceleration of the center of mass during the stance phase and tested the hypothesis that the hip, knee, and ankle extensors, which act primarily in the sagittal plane and contribute significantly to vertical support and forward progression, also accelerate thecenter of mass in the mediolaateral direction.

TL;DR: The results of this analysis indicate that children walking in crouch gait have less passive skeletal support of body weight and utilize substantially higher muscle forces to walk than unimpaired individuals.

TL;DR: This review outlines seminal and recent work highlighting the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in producing cartilage-like tissue equivalents and describes the growing body of literature on the mechanobiology of MSC-based cartilage, highlighting positive findings with regards to the furtherance of the chondrogenic phenotype.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that the mechanical stiffness of tendon increases with maturation due to an increased Young's modulus and, in females due to a greater increase in tendon cross-sectional area than tendon length.

TL;DR: Preferred and maximum speed walking and related gait characteristics were examined in 164 participants from Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging able to walk unassisted to identify specific characteristics of gait associated with body mass index (BMI).

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that propulsive forces in accelerated running mainly depend on body position regardless of performance level, and maximizing forward propulsion requires optimal, not maximal force application.

TL;DR: The large and consistent responses observed during ML visual and walking surface perturbations suggest potential for application during gait training and patient assessment.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that cumulative fatigue in tendon invokes a different molecular response than laceration, and structural repair may not be initiated until reaching end-stage fatigue life, where the repair response may unable to restore the damaged tendon to its pre-fatigue architecture.

TL;DR: The results strongly suggest that humans aim for similar joint moment patterns when walking with robotic assistance rather than similar kinematic patterns, and greater robotic assistance provided during initial use results in a longer adaptation process than lesser robotic assistance.