Showing papers in "Journal of Biotechnology in 2002"

TL;DR: The alpha-amylase family of glycosyl hydrolases as discussed by the authors is one of the most common types of enzymes used in industrial applications and has a (beta/alpha) 8-barrel structure with conserved amino acid residues.

TL;DR: Results show that formaldehye plus NaOH was most effective in extracting EPS for all sludges; only 1-1.2% of DNA in the sludge samples were detected, suggesting the EPS extracted were not contaminated by intracellular substances.

TL;DR: This paper proposes a conceptual model of the fate of As in the soil-rhizosphere-plant system by integrating the state-of-the art knowledge available in the contributing disciplines and discusses research needs and the potential application of rhizosphere processes to the development of phytoremediation technologies for As-polluted soils.

TL;DR: The combination of partial nitritation to produce nitrite in a first step and subsequent anaerobic ammonium oxidation in a second reactor was successfully tested on a pilot scale and limited the overall maximum rate of nitrogen elimination.

TL;DR: Observations on the recombinant urease have confirmed that Urease activity is essential for microbiologically-induced calcite precipitation and retained higher enzymatic activities at high temperatures and in the presence of a high concentration of pronase, indicating that immobilization protects the enzyme activity from environmental changes.

TL;DR: Water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) hemicellulose acid hydrolysate has been utilized as a substrate for ethanol production using Pichia stipitis NRRL Y-7124 and the presence of acetic acid in the Hydrolysate decreased the ethanol yield and productivity considerably.

TL;DR: The basic principles of the different bacterial display systems are explained, current uses and possible future trends of these emerging technologies are discussed, and potential environmental or biosensor applications for such recombinant bacteria as biosorbents are discussed.

TL;DR: Results show that wool keratin sponges are useful scaffolds for long-term and high-density cell cultivation and have a homogeneously porous microstructure.

TL;DR: B-phycoerythrin and R-phycocyanin in native state, from the red alga Porphyridium cruentum were obtained by an inexpensive and simple process using an anionic chromatographic column of DEAE cellulose.

TL;DR: Different structural reasons for chemical and biological persistence are described and strategies to use single bacterial isolates or microbial communities for the elimination of xenobiotic pollutants in the environment are summarized.

TL;DR: Fractional factorial designs (FFD) and the path of steepest ascent were effective in searching for the main factors and approaching the optimum region of the response and only soybean peptone and KH(2)PO(4) were shown to be the two significant factors for bacteriocin production and had negative and positive effects.

TL;DR: A review is presented dealing with electrocatalytic NADH oxidation at mediator-modified electrodes, summarising the history of the topic, as well as the present state of the art.

TL;DR: The close connection between in vivo protein folding, aggregation, solubilisation and proteolytic digestion offers an integrated view of the bacterial protein quality control system of which IBs might be an important component especially in recombinant bacteria.

TL;DR: An overview of the research efforts undertaken in deciphering the structural basis of the catalytic properties of fungal peroxidases is presented and the potential biotechnological applications of these enzymes are summarized.

TL;DR: Several tools that have emerged from the different modeling approaches including structural pathway synthesis, stoichiometric pathwayAnalysis, metabolic flux analysis, metabolic control analysis, optimization of regulatory architectures and the evaluation of rapid sampling experiments are discussed.

TL;DR: Several tools: RNA forming a triple helix with DNA, antisense RNA including double strand RNA inducing RNA interference and ribozymes, are tentatively being improved to inhibit specifically the expression of host or viral genes.

TL;DR: The anthraquinone content was shown to be significantly increased in transgenic cultures, thus providing further evidence that the rol-gene transformation can be used for the activation of secondary metabolism in plant cells.

TL;DR: The use of mixtures of miscible solvents (e.g. dimethylsulfoxide and 2-methyl-2-butanol) as a general strategy to acylate enzymatically hydrophilic substrates is proposed and it is observed that decreasing the hydrophobicity of the medium can be substantially enhanced.

TL;DR: The results show the importance of general value orientations or "worldviews" in shaping positive attitudes, and more of these general cognitive schemas should be measured in future research.

TL;DR: The influence of growth parameters on the fermentative production of a nisin-like bacteriocin by Lactococcus lactis subsp.

TL;DR: The disaggregation capacity of this bi-chaperone system has now been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo for a wide variety of aggregated proteins and offers a new perspective to increase the solubility of proteins of interest.

TL;DR: A characterisation of the enzymatic properties of the less well-studied endoglucanases Cel12A, Cel45A (EG III), Cel45 a (EG V) and the catalytic core of Cel 45A indicates that Cel45B is a glucomannanase rather than a strict endglucanase.

TL;DR: The results obtained with the two more advanced bioreactors in the Micro Ecological Life Support System Alternative (MELISSA) loop are described more specifically and their individual operation for long duration runs has been achieved and characterized, and their interconnected operation at pilot scale is reported.

TL;DR: In this paper, periodical field surveys have been made to identify the metal-tolerant species that are spontaneously growing in the polluted soils, and are able to uptake one or various of the contaminants.

TL;DR: The theory of extraction accompanied by a chemical reaction has been used to obtain the kinetics of extraction of lactic acid by alamine 336 in MIBK and it is indicated that more lactic Acid is transferred to the organic phase than would be expected from the (1:1) stoichiometry of the reaction.

TL;DR: The purified rhBMP-2 dimer showed biological activity equivalent to CHO produced rhB MP-2 as tested by the induction of alkaline phosphatase activity in C2C12 cells.

TL;DR: The observed kinetic behavior of all the esterification reactions is found to follow a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism with competitive inhibition by both substrates.

TL;DR: Eighty-two amino acid sequences of the catalytic domains of mature endoxylanases belonging to family 11 have been aligned using the programs MATCHBOX and CLUSTAL to allow the classification of the enzymes in groups according to sequence similarity.

TL;DR: To speed up their manipulation, the authors have developed vectors capable of stably maintaining large segments of actinomycete DNA in Escherichia coli and of integrating site specifically in the Streptomyces genome, suitable for the reconstruction of gene clusters from smaller segment of cloned DNA, the preparation of large-insert libraries from unusual actincycete strains and the construction of environmental libraries.

TL;DR: The immobilization technique provided repeated application of the enzyme even in low concentration, and the hydrogen peroxide generated in the enzymatic reaction was successively used for textile bleaching.