Showing papers in "Journal of Cosmetic Science in 1996"
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the intrinsic fluorescence of a sunscreen (Neutrogena SPF 15 ©) was quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy, and a dose-response relationship was established with sunscreen density on the skin.
Abstract: For the first time, a method is described for measurement of surface density of sunscreen in vivo. Here, the method is used to measure the uniformity of sunscreen application. The intrinsic fluorescence of a sunscreen (Neutrogena SPF 15 ©) was quantified by fluorescence spectroscopy, and a dose-response relationship was established with sunscreen density on the skin. Sunscreen was then applied in a crude fashion to one forearm and carefully to the other forearm in five subjects. Fluorescence measurements were taken from 16 sites on each forearm and converted to an equivalent thickness of sunscreen using the dose-response relationship. Whereas the median thicknesses for crude and careful application were approximately the same, the range of thickness was higher after crude application (p < 0.007). Hence fluorescence spectroscopy can quantify the adequacy of sunscreen application. This simple and rapid noninvasive in vivo technique for measuring sunscreen thickness could potentially provide a surrogate method for SPF determination in the clinical testing of new products.
39 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Cervical cells from human in situ carcinoma, the NHIK (Norsk Hydro's Institute for Kreftforskning) 3025 cell, were utilized for screening phototoxic drugs and Electronmicroscopy showed that biomembranes were the main target, but nuclear damage was also demonstrable.
Abstract: Cervical cells from human in situ carcinoma, the NHIK (Norsk Hydro's Institute for Kreftforskning) 3025 cell, were utilized for screening phototoxic drugs. Sulphonamide oral antidiabetics and diuretics were incubated with the cells for one hour and then irradiated with broad-band UV and UVA. Cell death was dependent on UVA-fluence and drug concentration. Phototoxicity was demonstrated in the presence of two oral antidiabetics and ten diuretics. A number of substances, not previously described to exert phototoxic effects, were detected in this model. Electronmicroscopy showed that biomembranes were the main target, but nuclear damage was also demonstrable. Addition of antioxidants decreased phototoxic cell death, indicating the participation of reactive oxygen species. This model proved not only useful in screening procedures, but also seems suitable for investigating mechanisms of action.