Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2003"
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TL;DR: Maintaining cow performance in hot, humid climatic conditions in the future will likely require improved cooling capability, continued advances in nutritional formulation, and the need for genetic advancement which includes selection for heat tolerance or the identification of genetic traits which enhance heat tolerance.
1,471 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate economic losses sustained by major US livestock industries from heat stress, including decreased performance (feed intake, growth, milk, eggs), increased mortality, and decreased reproduction.
1,397 citations
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TL;DR: Goat milk lipolysis and LPL activity vary considerably and in parallel across goat breeds or genotypes, and are low during early and late lactation, as well as when animals are underfed or receive a diet supplemented with protected or unprotected vegetable oils, which could contribute to decreases in the specific flavor of goat dairy products with diets rich in fat.
667 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the application of principles governing the molecular interactions of CN can be useful in understanding the many physical and chemical properties of cheese and, in turn, how this can be used by the cheesemaker to produce the desired cheese.
595 citations
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TL;DR: Evaluating the effects of supplementation on intake, milk production and composition, and ruminal and postruminal digestion in dairy cows found a negative relationship exists between substitution rate and milk response; the lower the substitution rate the higher the milk response to supplements.
593 citations
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TL;DR: Increasing dietary energy by reducing forage improved milk yield and efficiency and decreased excretion of environmentally labile urinary N, suggesting increased microbial protein.
524 citations
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TL;DR: This project test the effects of an additional sieve with a smaller aperture size, shaking frequency, and sample moisture content on results obtained and suggests using a third sieve and shaking at 1.1 Hz or greater with a stroke length of 17 cm when using the Penn State Particle Separator to analyze forage particle size.
469 citations
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TL;DR: There was no evidence of an increased contribution of amino acids to liver glucose synthesis is required in early lactation, and most postpartum changes in net PDV and liver metabolism could be attributed to increases in DMI and digestion or increased milk yield and tissue energy loss.
428 citations
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TL;DR: Milk fat content of CLA and the CLA-desaturase index were essentially independent of milk yield, milk fat percent, and milk fat yield, and it is speculated that the basis for the genetic variation among individuals is related to rumen output of trans-11 18:1 and to a lesser extent cis-9, trans- 11 CLA, and to the tissue amount and activity of delta9- Desaturase.
389 citations
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TL;DR: Nineteen bacteriological media were evaluated to assess their suitability to selectively enumerate Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp.
389 citations
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TL;DR: Relationships among milk production, body condition score (BCS), body weight (BW), and reproduction were studied using logistic regression on data from spring-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows to identify cows at risk of poor reproduction.
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TL;DR: Environmental modifications should target the effects of high temperatures on cow body temperature and should modify the environment at critical times during the day when cows are stressed, including morning hours when ambient temperatures are typically cooler and cows are not assumed to be stressed.
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TL;DR: Across treatments, animals consistently sorted against longer particles in favor of finer particles, and variation among animals in sorting of very long feed particles may have practical significance.
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TL;DR: The prevalence of intramammary environmental pathogens was significantly associated with udder hygiene score and was 7.7, 10.6, and 13.5% for UHS of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively, while the prevalence ofEnvironmental pathogens was not associated with LHS.
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TL;DR: Although the legumes were less suited to silage-making than grass, because of their higher buffering capacity and lower water-soluble carbohydrate content, all silages were well-fermented and led to higher DM intake and milk yields than for the grass silage.
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TL;DR: The objective of this research was to determine the effect of birth weight on perinatal mortality (PM) and dystocia (unassisted or assisted) from the Iowa State University research dairy farm in Ankeny.
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TL;DR: The present results indicate the potential of the probiotic B. longum strain BL1 in serum lipid improvement, which is found among subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia.
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TL;DR: In this paper, genetic correlations between level of BCS at different stages of lactation and total lactation milk production were negative (-0.51 to -0.14) but became positive (0.01 to 0.39) after adjusting BW for differences in BCS.
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TL;DR: All herds on concrete flooring were infected by DD, resulting in an average cow level prevalence of 30%.
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TL;DR: It was suggested that lactation as such affected the leptin concentration in plasma, because in early lactation plasma leptin concentration was not related to adiposity as reflected by body condition scoring.
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TL;DR: Hormonal treatments that include a period of progesterone supplementation result in the majority of treated animals displaying estrus with a subsequent luteal phase of normal duration and improved pregnancy rates compared with untreated controls.
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TL;DR: The understanding of the genetics, physiology, and functionality of bacterial exopolysaccharides continues to improve, novel applications for polysaccharide-producing cultures are likely to emerge inside and outside the dairy industry.
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TL;DR: The use of L. buchneri, alone or in combination with L. plantarum, as a silage inoculant can improve the aerobic stability of low dry matter corn and sorghum silages by inhibition of yeast activity.
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TL;DR: It is concluded that net production rates of VFA can be measured in non-steady states without the need to measure rumen volumes.
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TL;DR: No growth and contaminated samples comprised almost 50% of total submissions, and it is important that producers have proper expectations when submitting milk samples, suggesting the proportion of contagious bacteria causing mastitis has decreased.
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TL;DR: The shear-induced microstructure in a yogurt made with exopolysaccharide-producing culture was shown to consist of compartmentalized protein aggregates between channels containing exopoly Saccharide, hindering syneresis as well as the buildup of structure after stirring.
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TL;DR: Results of this experiment suggest that particle size measurement as estimated by the PSPS is useful in understanding some factors that affect feeding behavior.
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TL;DR: Results indicate that increasing physically effective NDF content of the diets increased chewing activity and improved rumen pH status but had limited effect on milk production and milk fat content.
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TL;DR: The basis for higher voluntary intakes and increased alpha-linolenic acid content in milk from cows offered clover silages and the inclusion of white clover or alfalfa silage in diets led to an increase in molar proportions of isobutyric, iso-Valeric, and n-valeric acids in comparison with diets based on grass silage.
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TL;DR: Two experiments testing the effects of commonly used lying surfaces on stall preference and stall usage by Holstein cows indicate that (1) free stall surface can affect both stall preferences andstall usage, and (2) mattresses are less preferred.