Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2004"

TL;DR: Preventing fatty liver by supplying cows with sufficient nutrients and a clean and health-promoting environment in the peripartal period would reduce production losses of cows more than would any treatment of fatty liver.

TL;DR: It is proposed that β -LG, over-expressed in the lactating mammary gland of many, but not all, species, is primarily an important source of amino acids for the offspring of those animals that produce it, but that this function arose by gene duplication from the physiologically essential glycodelin.

TL;DR: The prevalence of mastitis continued to decrease in Finland, but the number of quarters with bacterial growth in 2001 increased significantly, and penicillin resistance among the staphylococci was still at a relatively high level in Finland.

TL;DR: Understanding the factors affecting intestinal development will improve weaning strategies and foster better postweanling calf growth performance, as well as enhance the rate of herd genetic improvement.

TL;DR: Higher incidence of reproductive anomalies in lactating cows, such as low conception rate, ovulation failure, delayed ovulation, and multiple ovulations, may be due to lower circulating steroid concentrations in spite of larger ovulatory follicles and luteal structures.

TL;DR: Results support 2-group nutritional strategies for dry cows to minimize overfeeding of nutrients during the early dry period but increase nutrient supply to facilitate metabolic adaptation to lactation during the late dry period.

TL;DR: Melting rate and hardness of each hardened ice cream was measured and correlated with the structural attributes by using analysis of variance and multiple linear regression, andFat destabilization, ice crystal size, and the consistency coefficient of the mix were found to affect the melting rate of ice cream.

TL;DR: Estimating the effects of the first occurrence of pathogen-specific clinical mastitis (CM) on milk yield in 3071 dairy cows in 2 New York State farms provides dairy producers with more information on which pathogenic-specific CM cases should receive treatment and how to manage these cows, thereby reducing CM impact on cow well being and profitability.

TL;DR: Dietary CP content is the most important nutritional factor influencing MUN, and that measurements of MUN can be utilized as a diagnostic of protein feeding in the dairy cow and used to predict urinary N excretion.

TL;DR: Compared with samples obtained from the cranial-ventral rumen, rumenocentesis was more sensitive than the oro-ruminal probe in the measurement of low rumen pH; both techniques were moderately specific.

TL;DR: Although not preassigned to age groups before start of breeding, Holstein heifers managed as in this study had the highest economic return when calving between 23 and 24, and extending AFC beyond 750 d did not improve lactation, reproduction, or health of primiparous cows.

TL;DR: The mechanism of the effects of subclinical mastitis at the glandular level in dairy goats on milk yield and its composition as expressed in curd yield (Yc) was studied in this article.

TL;DR: The New Zealand 10-point scale was compared with the scoring systems in the United States, Ireland, and Australia by trained assessors and results may be useful for comparing/extrapolating research findings from different countries.

TL;DR: Both the nutritionist and dairy managers are responsible for the delivery and consumption of a ration that is likely to produce a ruminally healthy pH, and nutritionists should consider the expected amount of physically effective neutral detergent fiber provided by ration ingredients.

TL;DR: Cow fertility was negatively correlated with yield but is a major component of longevity, so recent selection for longevity may have slowed the long-term decline in fertility.

TL;DR: Data suggest that high concentrate diets enhanced ruminal outflow of trans10-18:1 and initial in vivo evidence that supplemental 18:3n-3 is hydrogenated to trans11,cis15- 18:2, trans11-18-1, trans13+14-18, trans15-18;1, Trans6+7+8-18:[1, and trans16-18]:1 primarily.

TL;DR: Survival in the herd decreased for those cows becoming lame during the first half of lactation, with a hazard ratio of up to 2 times that of a nonlame cow, for all lameness diagnoses combined.

TL;DR: Overall, results show that endogenous synthesis is responsible for more than 91% of the cis-9, trans-11 CLA secreted in milk fat of cows fed fresh pasture, however, the failure of plant oil supplements to increase the concentration of cis- 9, trans -11 CLA in milkfat from pasture-fed cows requires further investigation.

TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to establish guidelines for monitoring bulk tank milk somatic cell count and bacterial counts, and to understand the relationship between different bacterial groups that occur in bulk-tank milk.

TL;DR: Results indicate that increasing space allowance at the feeder increases feeding activity and reduces competition among lactating dairy cows.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that lameness is associated with delayed ovarian activity in Holstein cows during the early postpartum period support the idea that delayed ovarian cyclicity in lame cows would be reduced if lameness had been prevented.

TL;DR: Using a mixed linear animal model, genetic parameters were estimated for clinical mastitis, lactation average somatic cell score, and milk production traits in the first 3 lactations of more than 200,000 Swedish Holstein cows with first calving from 1995 to 2000, implying that selection for low LSCS will reduce the incidence of mastitis.

TL;DR: It was concluded that rearrangements of casein particles in the gel network and the rate at which the solubilization of colloidal calcium phosphate occurred were important driving forces for whey separation and weak gel.

TL;DR: Within-family analysis detected putative QTL associated with pregnancy rate on six chromosomes, with the effect on chromosome 18 being the most significant statistically.

TL;DR: In MAT herds, the increase in time spent standing in the stall in moderately lame cows was associated with a significant reduction in stall use sessions per day, which impacted daily lying time, and have implications for housing, comfort, and care of cows in dairy herds with different types of free stall surfaces.

TL;DR: Although the prevalence of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella was low, these pathogens represent a potential risk to consumers of raw milk and raw milk products.

TL;DR: Based on the genetic correlations between curd firmness and SCS and the high EBV for SCS obtained for the cows with NC-milk, it is possible that the loci causing noncoagulation of milk and increasing somatic cell count of milk are closely linked or partly the same.

TL;DR: Based upon prepartum DMI and concentrations of glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate in blood postpartum, feeding glycerol to dairy cows at the levels used in this experiment increased indicators used to gauge the degree of ketosis in dairy cattle.

TL;DR: It appears that genetic selection against common health disorders using data from on-farm recording systems is possible.

TL;DR: Comparison of reported antimicrobial usage between conventional and organic dairy farms found that conventional dairy producers were more likely to use advice from veterinarians for recommendations of treatment, and organic farmers were morelikely to rely on advice from other farmers.