Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2006"

TL;DR: Treatment of young animals with penicillin-sensitive Staph.

TL;DR: Improved understanding ofPhotoperiod effects on cattle has allowed producers to maximize beneficial effects of photoperiod length while minimizing negative effects and better understand the genetic basis of heat-stress sensitivity and tolerance.

TL;DR: The greatest advances in dairy health in the last 25 yr have been the shifts to disease prevention, rather than treatment, as well as from focus on individual animals to groups and herds, and links between cattle and people through consideration of environmental or ecosystem health.

TL;DR: Careful selection and combination of these extracts may allow the manipulation of rumen microbial fermentation.

TL;DR: Milk and protein yield showed trends for quadratic responses to dietary CP and were respectively, 38.3 and 1.18 kg/d at 16.5% CP, whereas N secreted in milk decreased from 36.5 to 25.5 and a linear increase in urinary N excretion resulted from a sharp decline in N efficiency.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a 1 to 5 numerical rating system (1 = sound, 5=severely lame) and a continuous 100-unit visual analog scale to classify cows with and without sole hemorrhages.

TL;DR: The major advances in controlling milk composition by dietary manipulation and how it influences the entire animal system from practical feeding studies to basic cellular work on mammary tissue metabolism are highlighted.

TL;DR: Assessment of management practices concerning mastitis in Brandenburg, Germany, the prevalence of mastitis pathogens in dairy cows, and their resistance to selected antimicrobial agents showed that cows with clinical mastitis were transferred to a sick cow pen in 70% of the herds.

TL;DR: This review highlights four areas of high interest in the biology of milk synthesis where advances over the last quarter-century have resulted in new understanding or revealed new opportunities.

TL;DR: An ultrasound technique has been established to predict carcass quality in beef cattle and a new aspect is the application of ultrasound as a monitoring tool in dairy herd management where another location has to be evaluated.

TL;DR: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of clinical lameness in high-producing Holstein cows housed in 50 freestall barns in Minnesota during summer, and underconditioned cows had a higher prevalence ofclinical lameness than normal or overconditioning cows.

TL;DR: The value ofregnancy and optimal breeding decisions for individual cows were greatly dependent on the predicted daily milk yield for the remaining period of lactation, and an improved understanding of the value of pregnancy may support decision making in reproductive management when resources are limited.

TL;DR: To achieve a 60- to 90-d shelf life of refrigerated fluid milk, fluid processors and dairy farmers need to work together to structure economic incentives that allow farmers to produce milk with the SCC needed for extended refrigerated shelf life.

TL;DR: It is concluded that intracellular Ca stores decrease in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) before parturition and development of hypocalcemia, which suggests that systemic calcium stress precedes measurable hypocalCEmia, particularly in cows that will develop milk fever.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a repeated measures randomized block design to examine milk fatty acid composition responses to fish oil (FO) and sunflower oil (SO) supplements over a 28-d period.

TL;DR: Most of these essential oil compounds demonstrated their antimicrobial activity by decreasing total VFA concentration at high doses, however, EUG in batch fermentation and 5 mg/L of THY in continuous culture modified the VFA profile without decreasing totalVFA concentration, and EUGIn batch fermentation decreased ammonia N concentration.

TL;DR: Cows ranked lower in the social hierarchy at the feed bunk were displaced more often when feeding at a post-and-rail barrier, particularly at high stocking densities, and use of a barrier that provides some physical separation between adjacent cows, such as a headlock feed barrier, can be used to further reduce competition at theFeed bunk.

TL;DR: The effects of far-off and close-up treatments on postpartum variables diminished as lactation progressed, and overfeeding during the far- off period had a greater negative impact on peripartum metabolism than did differences inClose-up period nutrition.

TL;DR: Modifications in fatty acid composition, and in particular in the spreadability index, were responsible for linear decreases in final melting temperature and solid fat content in butter fat, perceived in sensory analysis by a linear decrease in firmness in mouth.

TL;DR: This paper attempts to highlight Journal of Dairy Science articles that have linked nutrition and nutritional strategies to reduce disease incidence on the dairy farm.

TL;DR: Cheese-making properties could be improved by selecting milk with high concentrations of alphaS1-, beta-, and kappa-CN, with high kappa -CN in relation to total CN and milk that contains beta-LG B.

TL;DR: In grass and small-grain silages, yeasts were nearly undetectable; however, inoculation improved aerobic stability in a dose-dependent manner and this stability was further enhanced to 503 h with LB2.

TL;DR: A large body of scientific evidence collected in recent decades demonstrates that an adequate intake of calcium and other nutrients from dairy foods reduces the risk of osteoporosis by increasing bone acquisition during growth, slowing age-related bone loss, and reducing osteopOrotic fractures.

TL;DR: The results indicate that housing cows throughout the year potentially has a detrimental effect on foot and leg health, however, good free-stall design may reduce lameness and leg lesions.

TL;DR: Results from this study indicate that the LRCpH system can accurately and precisely measure ruminal pH; thus, it provides increased opportunity for researchers to measureRuminal pH and the occurrence of ruminal acidosis in unrestrained cattle.

TL;DR: Concentrations of progesterone at PGF2alpha and GnRH, and estradiol and follicle size at final GnRH of Ovsynch, were identified as significant predictors of probability of pregnancy 35 d after artificial insemination.

TL;DR: The calibration of MIR spectrometry for estimating fatty acid concentrations in milk and milk fat showed that the calibration equations predicting saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in milk could be used and offered the possibility of assessing and improving the quality of milk produced.

TL;DR: The functional properties of milk constituents during emulsion dehydration are far from being thoroughly understood; future research needs include a) the encapsulation properties of pure micellar casein; b) a deeper understanding of colloidal phenomena that occur before, during, and after dehydration, which ultimately define emulsion stability after drying.

TL;DR: Find good employees was identified as the greatest labor challenge, followed by training and supervising employees, and the greatest reproductive challenges were artificial insemination service rate, conception rate, twinning, and retained placenta or metritis.

TL;DR: The findings of the study could assist in developing farm community-based educational programs on the risks of consuming raw milk.