Journal of Dental Research 

About: Journal of Dental Research is an academic journal published by SAGE Publishing. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Enamel paint & Dentin. It has an ISSN identifier of 0022-0345. Over the lifetime, 16235 publications have been published receiving 647766 citations. The journal is also known as: J Dent Res.

Factors Affecting Wound Healing

Abstract: Wound healing, as a normal biological process in the human body, is achieved through four precisely and highly programmed phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling For a wound to heal successfully, all four phases must occur in the proper sequence and time frame Many factors can interfere with one or more phases of this process, thus causing improper or impaired wound healing This article reviews the recent literature on the most significant factors that affect cutaneous wound healing and the potential cellular and/or molecular mechanisms involved The factors discussed include oxygenation, infection, age and sex hormones, stress, diabetes, obesity, medications, alcoholism, smoking, and nutrition A better understanding of the influence of these factors on repair may lead to therapeutics that improve wound healing and resolve impaired wounds

A Simple Method of Increasing the Adhesion of Acrylic Filling Materials to Enamel Surfaces

Abstract: ONE of the major shortcomings of the acrylics and other filling materials is their lack of adhesion to tooth structure.'-4 A filling material capable of forming strong bonds to tooth structures would offer many advantages over present ones. With such a material, there would be no need for retention and resistance form in cavity preparation, and effective sealing of pits, fissures, and beginning various lesions could be realized. In our attempts to obtain bonding between filling materials and tooth structure, several possibilities are being explored. These include (1) the development of new resin materials which have adhesive properties; (2) modification of present materials to make them adhesive; (3) the use of coatings as adhesive interface materials between filling and tooth; and (4) the -alteration of the tooth surface by chemical treatment to produce a new surface to which present materials might adhere. This last approach is the subject of this paper, but since it concerns itself only with treatment of intact enamel surfaces, it has only limited application to the broader problems of restorative dentistry. In industry, phosphoric acid and preparations containing it have been used to treat metal surfaces to obtain better adhesion of paint and resin coatings.5 Although the increased adhesion is believed to be due primarily to the removal of surface and other contaminants, the conversion of the oxides or the surface of the metal itself to phosphates or the adsorption of phosphate groups on the metal surface may contribute to the effect. Since the enamel surface has probably reacted with various ions, saliva, and so on, to which it has been exposed for long periods of time, and its tiny imperfections filled in by a variety of adventitious materials, the composition of the superficial surface may be quite different than the underlying enamel.6 As a result, any receptivity to adhesion which the original tooth structure may have had for acrylic materials may have been lost. It was felt that perhaps an acid treatment of the enamel surface might render it more receptive to adhesion in the same manner as it does for metals.

Stem Cell Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Abstract: In this study, we characterized the self-renewal capability, multi-lineage differentiation capacity, and clonogenic efficiency of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). DPSCs were capable of forming ectopic dentin and associated pulp tissue in vivo. Stromal-like cells were reestablished in culture from primary DPSC transplants and re-transplanted into immunocompromised mice to generate a dentin-pulp-like tissue, demonstrating their self-renewal capability. DPSCs were also found to be capable of differentiating into adipocytes and neural-like cells. The odontogenic potential of 12 individual single-colony-derived DPSC strains was determined. Two-thirds of the single-colony-derived DPSC strains generated abundant ectopic dentin in vivo, while only a limited amount of dentin was detected in the remaining one-third. These results indicate that single-colony-derived DPSC strains differ from each other with respect to their rate of odontogenesis. Taken together, these results demonstrate that DPSCs possess stem-cell-like qualities, including self-renewal capability and multi-lineage differentiation.

Age Variation of Formation Stages for Ten Permanent Teeth

Abstract: Differences in the development among children of the same chronologic age have led to the concept of physiologic age as a means to define progress toward completeness of development or maturity in the individual child. Thus, physiologic age or its frequently used synonyms, biologic and developmental age, are measures for describing the status of an individual child, whereas chronologic or calendric age convey only a rough approximation of this status because of the range in development observed for any given age. Physiologic age is estimated by the maturation of one or more tissue systems, and it is best expressed in terms of each system studied. Maturation is scaled by the occurrence of one or the sequence of multiple events that are irreversible. The dentition is one of the four systems used. The other three developmental indicators refer to bone development, secondary sex characters, and stature or weight. Dental age can be determined by the emergence and by the formation of the teeth. Tooth formation is superior to tooth emergence for assessing dental maturation, because the majority of the teeth can be studied at each examination. In contrast, emergence is only a specific phase of short duration in the continuous process of eruption, rarely observed for more than one or two teeth at a time, if at all. Emergence is also influenced markedly by environmental factors such as loss of deciduous predecessors and the lack of space in the dental arch, explaining some part of the variation in root length at emergence.\" 2 Dental maturation is of particular significance for the timing of growth changes of the dentition in the living3 and for aging skeletal specimens when only jaws remain.4 Nevertheless, inferences of somatic maturation from either tooth formation or tooth emergence should be made with caution, because the relation of dental development and somatic development, as estimated from bone formation in the handwrist region and the appearance of secondary sex characteristics, is not, as yet, fully explored.5 In general, a low-to-medium degree of association exists for all maturity indicators, but during the adolescent growth phase, the measures of somatic development are more highly correlated.6 The purpose of the present study is to provide norms of the formation of ten permanent teeth, namely, the maxillary incisors and all eight mandibular teeth. The

A Critical Review of the Durability of Adhesion to Tooth Tissue: Methods and Results

Abstract: The immediate bonding effectiveness of contemporary adhesives is quite favorable, regardless of the approach used. In the long term, the bonding effectiveness of some adhesives drops dramatically, whereas the bond strengths of other adhesives are more stable. This review examines the fundamental processes that cause the adhesion of biomaterials to enamel and dentin to degrade with time. Non-carious class V clinical trials remain the ultimate test method for the assessment of bonding effectiveness, but in addition to being high-cost, they are time- and labor-consuming, and they provide little information on the true cause of clinical failure. Therefore, several laboratory protocols were developed to predict bond durability. This paper critically appraises methodologies that focus on chemical degradation patterns of hydrolysis and elution of interface components, as well as mechanically oriented test set-ups, such as fatigue and fracture toughness measurements. A correlation of in vitro and in vivo data revealed that, currently, the most validated method to assess adhesion durability involves aging of micro-specimens of biomaterials bonded to either enamel or dentin. After about 3 months, all classes of adhesives exhibited mechanical and morphological evidence of degradation that resembles in vivo aging effects. A comparison of contemporary adhesives revealed that the three-step etch-and-rinse adhesives remain the 'gold standard' in terms of durability. Any kind of simplification in the clinical application procedure results in loss of bonding effectiveness. Only the two-step self-etch adhesives approach the gold standard and do have some additional clinical benefits.