Showing papers in "Journal of Development Economics in 1999"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present evidence from seven Latin American countries that natural resource booms are sometimes accompa- nied by declining per-capita GDP, and they present a model with natural resources, increasing returns in the spirit of big push models.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relationship between bribe payments, taxes, and firm growth in Uganda for the period 1995-97 was investigated using industry-location averages to circumvent the potential problem of endogeneity and to deal with issues of measurement error.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyze how joint-liability lending promotes screening, monitoring, state verification and enforcement of repayment, and highlight how joint liability works in practice, using case studies.

TL;DR: In this article, the long-run relationship between financial development and economic growth is examined in a multivariate vector autoregression (VAR) framework using 10 sample countries, and the authors find bi-directional causality.

TL;DR: The authors analyzes how group lending programs use joint liability to utilize local information that borrowers have about each other's projects through self-selection of group members in the group formation stage, which leads to positive assortative matching in group formation.

TL;DR: The authors used data from a quasi-experiment conducted in Northeast Thailand in 1995-1996 and found that program loans are having little impact although naïve estimates of impact that fail to account for self-selection and endogenous program placement significantly overestimate impact.

TL;DR: Sachs et al. as discussed by the authors examined a measure of openness recently introduced by Sachs and Warner and showed that their measure fails to establish a robust link between more open trade policies and long run growth.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare four different modelling approaches to agricultural expansion and deforestation, and explore the implications of assumptions about the household objectives, the labour market, and the property rights regime.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study the contract design problem facing micro-finance-lending organizations that want to maximize the impact and outreach of their lending activities to a target population of poor borrowers while remaining financially sustainable.

TL;DR: The Grameen Bank of Bangladesh has been in the vanguard of the micro-finance movement, showing the potential to alleviate poverty by providing credit to poor house-holds.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors test how well consumption is insured against income risk in a panel of sampled households in rural China, and estimate the risk insurance models by generalized method of moments, treating income and household size as endogenous.

TL;DR: The Harrod-Domar growth model supposedly died long ago, but still today, economists in the international financial institutions (IFIs) apply the HarrodDomar model to calculate short-run investment requirements for a target growth rate as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The authors classified the budget institutions of Latin American countries on a hierarchical/collegial scale, as a function of the existence of constraints on the deficit, and voting rules, and showed that hierarchical and transparent procedures have been associated with more fiscal discipline in Latin America in the 1980s and early 1990s.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied the link between trade liberalization and wage inequality in Chile and found that the fall in the relative price of labor-intensive goods helps explaining the increase in wage inequality during the last two decades.

TL;DR: In this article, the optimal design of collective credit agreements with joint responsibility was analyzed and it was shown that the relative benefits from peer monitoring are maximized when risks are positively correlated across borrowers, and also when the size of the group is neither too small (due to a “joint responsibility, “cost sharing, and “commitment” effects) nor too large due to a free riding effect).

TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between deforestation and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita; in particular, whether an inverted-U relationship (indicative of worsening then improving deforestation) exists between them.

TL;DR: In this paper, the empirical links among factor endowments, trade and personal income distribution were studied using panel data, and it was shown that land and capital intensive countries have a less equal income distribution while skill intensive countries had a more equal distribution.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors draw upon standard trade theory and cross-sectional empirical analysis to demonstrate that natural-resource-intensive sectors, particularly permanent agriculture, absorb capital that might otherwise flow to manufacturing, which depresses workers' incentive to accumulate skill and delays industrialization.

TL;DR: The authors investigate the question of what country characteristics, particularly, market size and labor-force composition, attract inward investment and develop a model that generates stylized facts in equilibrium, suggesting the existence of a development trap for small, skilled-labor-scarce countries.

TL;DR: In this article, the relative importance of permanent and temporary components of capital flows to Latin American and Asian developing countries over the period 1988-1997, for the broad categories of flows in the capital account: equity flows (EF), bond flows (BF), official flows (OF), commercial bank credit (BC), and foreign direct investment (FDI).

TL;DR: A standard life-cycle approach predicts that the demand for extended family financing rises with migration costs and falls with pre-migration wealth, and that remittance to the immediate family and savings retained abroad both fall with the pre-Migration loan.

TL;DR: In this article, it is demonstrated that transportation costs explain most of the differences in food prices between producer regions and that road quality is an important factor in the transportation costs, while food prices decrease relatively faster than transportation costs increase and traders' wages are higher on bad roads.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model and one-period game are introduced to analyze the type of optimal loan contracts that emerge when lenders have less information than borrowers, and it is shown that under imperfect information, lenders may be able to utilize joint liability contracts as a means of screening agent types by inducing endogenous group formation and self-selection among the borrowers.

TL;DR: This paper proposed a model in which the formal sector's superior ability in deposit mobilization is traded off against the informational advantage that lenders in the informal sector enjoy, and used the model to predict how the market structure responds to changes in the environment, and consider the policy implications of various forms of government intervention.

TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between competition and corruption in a model, where corruption has solid informational foundations and where the regulatory response to the possibility of corruption is taken into account, is reconsidered.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the endogenous growth hypothesis using sectoral productivity data and the product variety of exports for South Korea and Taiwan and find that changes in relative export variety (entered as either a lag or a lead) have a positive and significant effect on total factor productivity in nine of the 16 sectors.

TL;DR: The authors reported 17 laboratory sessions that introduce imperfect contribution monitoring in the voluntary contributions mechanism and showed that improved contribution monitoring does not increase contributions without verbal communication, and that communication (even with imperfect monitoring) dramatically improves subjects' ability to efficiently provide the public good.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantified the direct impact of taxes on income distribution at the household level in Chile and estimated the distributional effect of several changes in the tax structure.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the introduction of civil courts in colonial India and its impact on agricultural credit markets in the Bombay Deccan and find that the reform led to increased competition among lenders.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide the first econometric tests of the recent theoretical advances in the literature on Roscas, and find considerable support for an economic theory of Roscas.