Showing papers in "Journal of Development Economics in 2000"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated US multinational enterprises (MNEs) as a channel of international technology diffusion in 40 countries from 1966 to 1994 and found that the technology transfer provided by US MNEs contributes to the productivity growth in DCs but not in LDCs.

TL;DR: This paper analyzed the dynamics of inequality, democratization, and economic development in a political economy model of growth where education is both the engine of growth and a determinant of political participation.

TL;DR: In this paper, a bivariate, dynamic version of the Heckman selection model is used to estimate the effect of participation in International Monetary Fund (IMF) programs on economic growth, and they find evidence that governments enter into agreements with the IMF under the pressures of a foreign reserves crisis but they also bring in the Fund to shield themselves from the political costs of adjustment policies.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of openness, trade orientation, and human capital on total factor productivity for a pooled sample of developed and developing countries were studied, and the authors found that human capital generally contributes positively to overall factor productivity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the role of increased life expectancy in raising human capital investment during the process of economic growth and develop a continuous time, overlapping generations model in which individuals make optimal schooling investment choices in the face of a constant probability of death.

TL;DR: The authors developed a model of rent-seeking in which the opportunity cost of rentseeking is foregone entrepreneurship and provided conditions under which resource booms tend to lead to an increase in rentseeking activity and those in which they induce entrepreneurship.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used threshold cointegration tests that allow for asymmetric adjustment toward a long run equilibrium relationship to examine price linkages between principal maize markets in Ghana and found that wholesale maize prices in local markets (Accra and Bolgatanga) respond more swiftly to increases than to decreases in central market (Techiman) prices.

TL;DR: In this article, a principal-agent framework is used to study the moral hazard problem that shapes the aid recipient's incentive to undertake structural reform. But the model's basic prediction is a two-way relationship: disbursements of foreign aid are guided (in part) by the needs of the poor and recipient countries maintain a low effort to reduce poverty.

TL;DR: The authors investigated whether market interaction can, by itself, perpetuate the lack of ethnic diversity that is observed in the business communities of many developing countries and found no evidence that blacks or women are disadvantaged in the attribution of bank credit once they control for firm size and other observable characteristics.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the effect of income growth on three determinants of pollution: the share of industry in national output, the proportion of polluting sectors in industrial output, and the end-of-pipe (EOP) pollution intensities.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore transition mechanisms that might link the two and find that although public education expenditures are positively associated with future economic growth, the contemporaneous effect upon growth is negative, which may explain the lack of a large, positive effect from the growth of human capital upon economic growth.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed financial liberalization measures undertaken in 1990, of which an opening to foreign investment was a major component, and compared performance of foreign-owned vs. domestic banks, first using a descriptive approach, then in a more systematic manner using econometric analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the determinants of bank spreads in a systematic way for Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay during the mid-1990s.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of state legislative assembly elections on the policies of state governments in 14 major states of India, from 1960 to 1996, was studied, and the authors found that the effects of election years have a negative effect on some commodity taxes, a positive effect on investment spending, but no effect on deficits, primarily because consumption spending is reduced.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors disentangle the possible factors underlying this correlation and determine whether a positive long-run effect of real depreciation on output is in the data and conclude that even after sources of spurious correlation and reverse causation are controlled for, real devaluation has led to high inflation and economic contraction.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a model of cooperation in small irrigation systems and gave conditions under which an equalizing redistribution of wealth increases the level of equilibrium cooperation, but also showed that some redistributions that increase inequality can also increase cooperation.

TL;DR: The authors posit that the fiscal behavior of Argentine provinces is determined by a common pool game at two levels: within each province, and across political units, and that the national government has a greater incentive than the provincial governments to internalize the negative externality of fiscal imprudence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the unremunerated reserve requirement on capital inflows in Chile has been analyzed in great detail and the effect on interest rates, real exchange rate, and the volume and composition of capital flows has been examined.

TL;DR: This paper found that graduates of private secondary schools perform better in the labor market than those of public secondary schools in Indonesia, contrary to the widely held belief that public secondary education is superior.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the dynamic impact of trade liberalization on productivity, market competition, and scale efficiency using a panel data of 36 Korean manufacturing industries over nine subperiods from 1966 to 1988.

TL;DR: In this paper, four stylized facts of economic growth in DCs are set up initially and the linear growth model with subsistence consumption is able to reproduce two of them: a rise in the saving rate along with per capita income as well as b-divergence.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider three implicit models that isolate different types of externalities among criminals, and show that a myriad empirical evidence lends support to the previous models in general and to the congestion-in-law enforcement model in particular.

TL;DR: In this paper, a modified control-group methodology is used to measure the effect of IMF support on three key variables, including output growth, inflation, and the external debt rservice ratio.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that compulsive measures against child labor are justifiable as an integral part of an intervention that combines incentives and regulations in order to eliminate child labor.

TL;DR: In this article, the impact of exchange-rate policy on manufactured export performance on a panel of major Sub-Saharan Africa countries over the 1970-92 period is examined. And the authors show that exchange-policy management matters for export performance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present new empirical evidence on the relationship between income distribution and aggregate saving based on a new and improved income distribution database for both industrial and developing countries, and provide no support for the notion that income inequality has any systematic effect on aggregate saving.

TL;DR: The authors used numerical dynamic programming methods to explore the question of whether asset markets and optimal individual accumulation of self-finance capacity suffice to eliminate costly inequality over time in an initially inegalitarian agrarian economy.

TL;DR: This paper found that international banks provide more credit to smaller borrowers (about whom information is least complete) than bond markets do, and spreads on syndicated bank loans show much less variation than spreads on international bonds.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors model the endogenous evolution of the de facto property rights regime and explore the impact of trade on De facto Property Rights regimes and on welfare. And they show that the opening of trade can change the DEP regime of an economy, but are not always beneficial to society due to the enforcement costs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyze optimal contract choice in agriculture when there is joint moral hazard on the part of the farmer in the supply of effort and the riskiness of the technique of cultivation.