Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 

About: Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology is an academic journal published by Taylor & Francis. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Adsorption & Pulmonary surfactant. It has an ISSN identifier of 0193-2691. Over the lifetime, 5302 publications have been published receiving 62999 citations.

Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Liquids

Abstract: Production processes for carbon nanotubes often produce mixtures of solid morphologies that are mechanically entangled or that self‐associate into aggregates. Entangled or aggregated nanoparticles often need to be dispersed into fluid suspensions in order to develop materials that have unique mechanical characteristics or transport properties. This paper reviews the effects of milling, ultrasonication, high shear flow, elongational flow, functionalization, and surfactant and dispersant systems on morphology of carbon nanotubes and their interactions in the fluid phase. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have been used as an example model system for experimental work because they have been available in engineering‐scale quantities and can be dispersed reproducibly in a variety of solvents and polymers. Their size scales, ∼30–50 nm in average diameter and ∼5–50 microns in length, permit MWNT dispersions to be investigated using transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and i...

Surfactants Used in Food Industry: A Review

Abstract: The understanding of the formation, structures, and properties of emulsions is essential to the creation and stabilization of structures in food. The increasing use of surfactants, the identification of compounds with low toxicity and good surface activity properties is of great interest. The relevance of the major end points specified in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines for the hazard assessment of food chemicals is critically analyzed and main parameters are acute toxicity, subacute repeated studies, allergy, reproductive toxicity, long-term studies, and mutagenicity tests. We focus this article on surfactant association structures and food colloids. There is almost infinite number of combinations are organized and arranged in very complex internal microstructures with various types of assemblies such as dispersions, emulsions, foams, gels, etc. Low-mass surfactants are very mobile at the interface and they are particularly efficient reducing the interfacial t...

Particle Size Distribution Measurement from Millimeters to Nanometers and from Rods to Platelets

Abstract: There are many instruments for particle size distribution (PSD) measurement, each using a particular physical phenomenon to define the size (e.g., sedimentation, laser diffraction). Particle size distribution measurement although important, most people want it done as quickly as possible. This paper will compare rapid methods [ laser diffraction and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS)] with sedimentation techniques and image analysis. Nanometer powders (primary particles 10–50 nm) have been studied using, photocentrifuge, PCS, and x-ray disc centrifuge. The median diameters are very consistent for all instruments for narrow size distributions at around 20 nm but a divergence of results for the 50 nm range when distributions are broader. Comparison with image analysis for a spherical silica (50 nm) illustrates the accuracy possible in this domain. In the 0.1 to 5 micron range examples showing how the width and size range of the particle size distribution of typical commercial aluminas and calcit...

Microemulsions: an overview

Abstract: In the past twenty five years, microemulsions have been the focus of extensive research worldwide due to their importance in a variety of technological applications. These applications include enhanced oil recovery, combustion, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, metal cutting, lubrication, food, enzymatic catalysis, organic and bio-organic reactions, chemical synthesis of nanoparticles etc. The basic purpose of this review is intended to provide the most important features of microemulsions and their applications. Emphasis is placed on recent works, however, the reference list is by no means complete. In order to limit the size of the review, a more or less arbitary selection has been made with respect to examples chosen from literature. The review is started with a brief introduction and focussed with definition, structure, type, formation characteristics, stability, phase behavior and the effect of additives, pressure, temperature on the phase behavior of microemulsion. In addition, the p...

Plasma Treatment of Polymers

Abstract: Plasma treatment of polymers encompasses a variety of plasma technologies and polymeric materials for a wide range of applications and dates back to at least the 1960s. In this article we provide a brief review of the United States patent literature on plasma surface modification technologies and a brief review of the scientific literature on investigations of the effects of plasma treatment, the nature of the plasma environment, and the mechanisms that drive the plasma–surface interaction. We then discuss low‐radio‐frequency capacitively coupled nitrogen plasmas and their characteristics, suggesting that they provide significant plasma densities and populations of reactive species for effective plasma treatments on a variety of materials, particularly when placing the sample surface in the cathode sheath region. We further discuss surface chemical characterization of treated polymers, including some results on polyesters treated in capacitively coupled nitrogen plasmas driven at 40 kHz. Finally,...