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Showing papers in "Journal of Education and Practice in 2016"


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the usefulness of both qualitative and quantitative approaches in researching problem-solving ability in science education curriculum is examined and the advantages, disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses of both methods are discussed.
Abstract: Research in science education is to discover the truth which involves the combination of reasoning and experiences. In order to find out appropriate teaching methods that are necessary for teaching science students problem-solving skills, different research approaches are used by educational researchers based on the data collection and analysis used at a given time. Though qualitative and quantitative research methods lies on separate continuum, they all aimed at identifying educational problems using different approach. This study critically examined the usefulness of both qualitative and quantitative approaches in researching problem-solving ability in science education curriculum. In doing this, six articles relating to problem-solving were examined to show the usefulness of both qualitative and quantitative research approaches to educational research. Advantages, disadvantages, strengths and weaknesses of both methods were discussed. Ethical consideration in relation to research in problem-solving instructions were discussed as well as suggestion for future research.

160 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on theory and practice in multicultural education as it pertains to the preparation of preservice teachers, and find that thorough and balanced courses preparing preserve teachers to teach culturally diverse students are essential to supporting teachers' awareness, knowledge, and skill in providing equal education for all students.
Abstract: This paper focuses on theory and practice in multicultural education as it pertains to the preparation of preservice teachers. The literature reviews the history and definition of multiculturalism and investigates multiple theoretical frameworks around the ongoing debate and issues of multicultural education. Teachers’ perceptions of multicultural education and various approaches to multicultural pedagogy and curriculum are explored. The finding indicates that thorough and balanced courses preparing preservice teachers to teach culturally diverse students are essential to supporting teachers’ awareness, knowledge, and skill in providing equal education for all students.

134 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of flipped classroom teaching models on English higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), engagement and satisfaction was investigated, and the results revealed statistically significant differences between the two groups in HOTS in favor of the experimental group.
Abstract: This study aimed at investigating the effect of a suggested EFL Flipped Classroom Teaching Model (EFL-FCTM) on graduate students' English higher-order thinking skills (HOTS), engagement and satisfaction. Also, it investigated the relationship between higher-order thinking skills, engagement and satisfaction. The sample comprised (67) graduate female students; an experimental group (N=33) and a control group (N=34), studying an English course at Taif University, KSA. The study used mixed method design; a pre-post HOTS test was carried out and two 5-Likert scale questionnaires had been designed and distributed; an engagement scale and a satisfaction scale. The findings of the study revealed statistically significant differences between the two group in HOTS in favor of the experimental group. Also, there was significant difference between the pre and post administration of the engagement scale in favor of the post administration. Moreover, students satisfaction on the (EFL-FCTM) was high. Finally, there were high significant relationships between HOTS and student engagement, HOTS and satisfaction and between student engagement and satisfaction. Key Words: flipped Classroom; English Language; HOTS; Engagement; Satisfaction.

120 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In order for curriculum development to be effective and schools to be successful, teachers must be involved in the development process as discussed by the authors, and an effective curriculum should reflect the philosophy, goals, objectives, learning experiences, instructional resources and assessments that comprise a specific educational program.
Abstract: In order for curriculum development to be effective and schools to be successful, teachers must be involved in the development process. An effective curriculum should reflect the philosophy, goals, objectives, learning experiences, instructional resources, and assessments that comprise a specific educational program (“Guide to curriculum development,” 2006). It can be subject specific or a generalized overview of expectation. It must be a usable tool to assists teachers in the development of individualized strategies and the methods and materials necessary for them to be successful. Keywords: curriculum development, teacher involvement, challenge in curriculum development

109 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of parents over their children's education within family environment is analyzed, where the authors focus on the reasons why each family has different educational potentials and analyze the role of parents.
Abstract: The ‘home education’ as a term, represents educational impact of the family on children. It has been proved that in various family environments, children do acquire a variety of experiences, through performing various activities and is constantly exposed to a range of influence and expectations from the people he/she cohabits. In this paper we will analyze the influence of the parents over their children’s education within family environment. It will focus issues why each family has different educational potentials. In nowadays social circumstances, the family has a huge and very tough responsibility; as it has to take proper care on their health, their physical development, their overall education, the development of their intellectual affinities, as well as creation for a better moral values and convictions and attitudes, habits to a firm and well behaved cultural relations in the family itself as well as in the society where the child lives. On the other hand, the family as an institution has to create conditions for development of positive relationship towards work, which as such is a predisposition towards a better establishment of a realistic approach for a better development of the children’s personality. Keywords: children, education, family relationship, father’s role, mother’s role

72 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a modern and technology based way of proving feedback which can eventually help students in improving student learning experience is presented, which can also help in professionalizing the teaching of lecturers in higher education.
Abstract: There is a great importance of feedback in improving learning experience for the students. This has also significant effect in professionalizing teaching in the higher education level. However, feedback is considered as a difficult issue in this arena. Most of the lecturers are still continuing with the tradition form of feedback. This form of feedbacks often unable to satisfy the students in improving their learning experience. It is high time for the lecturers to re-think about the feedback providing process. They should avoid traditional way of proving feedback towards the students. This paper comes with some modern and technology based way of proving feedback which can eventually help students in improving student learning experience. This can also help in professionalizing the teaching of lecturers in higher education.

64 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of self-esteem, daily internet use and social media addiction to depression levels of adolescents have been investigated by testing a model, which was able to predict %28 of the depression among adolescents.
Abstract: In this study, direct and indirect effects of self-esteem, daily internet use and social media addiction to depression levels of adolescents have been investigated by testing a model. This descriptive study was conducted with 1130 students aged between 12 and 18 who are enrolled at different schools in southern region of Aegean. In order to collect data, “Children's Depression Inventory”, “Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale” and “Social Media Addiction Scale” have been used. In order to test the hypotheses Pearson's correlation and structural equation modeling were performed. The findings revealed that self-esteem and social media addiction predict %20 of the daily internet use. Furthermore, while depression was associated with self-esteem and daily internet use directly, social media addiction was affecting depression indirectly. Tested model was able to predict %28 of the depression among adolescents. Keywords: depression, self-esteem, daily internet use, social media addiction, structural equation modeling

63 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) as an alternative to learning that is expected to enhance the capabilities of high school students in mathematics and found that learning with NHT better than conventional method.
Abstract: Mathematical ability of students creative thinking is a component that must be mastered by the student. Mathematical creative thinking plays an important role, both in solving the problem and well, even in high school students. Therefore, efforts are needed to convey ideas in mathematics. But the reality is not yet developed the ability to implement a learning model that is expected to help improve KBKM students in mathematics. This research applies the model Numbered Heads Together (NHT) as an alternative to learning that is expected to enhance these capabilities. The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. The sample in this research is 130 eighth grader students of two school in Ambon. Each school represents high school rank and medium school rank. Each represents a high school rank and rank schools being. The hypothesis was tested at the 5% significance level. Analysis of the data by finding the mean, standard simpagan and n-Gain. From the analysis of the data found that: increase KBKM students in the experimental class and control class; (2) Learning with NHT better than Conventional method.

57 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: The perception of 117 nursing students on their satisfaction and selfconfidence after clinical simulation experience using a survey method indicated that they have high level of self-confidence in their abilities to conduct, appropriate health assessments, perform effective intervention, participate as an effective team member and recognize patient deterioration events.
Abstract: Nursing and other health professionals are increasingly using simulation as a strategy and a tool for teaching and learning at all levels that need clinical training. Nursing education for decades used simulation as an integral part of nursing education. Recent studies indicated that simulation improves nursing knowledge, clinical practice, critical thinking, communication skills, improve self-confidence and satisfaction as well as clinical decision making.The aim of this study is to explore the perception of 117 nursing students on their satisfaction and selfconfidence after clinical simulation experience using a survey method.This study was carried out at College of Nursing- Jeddah, King Saud bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences. Where the nursing program consist of up to 30% clinical simulation.Data analyzed using descriptive method. Results indicated an overall satisfaction with simulation clinical experience. (Mean is 3.76 to 4.0) and indicated that their self-confidence is built after clinical simulation experience. (Mean is 3.11 to 4.14). The highest satisfaction items mean indicating participants agree that the teaching methods and strategies used in the simulation were effective, clinical instructors/ faculties did not embarrass them in front of others, and give them clear idea of what is expected from them. Participant strongly agreed that they are confident to recognize signs and symptoms of disease, obtaining the required knowledge from simulation to perform necessary tasks in clinical practice, developing the required skills from simulation to perform necessary task in clinical practice, and they can accurately assess an individual with any abnormalities.Participants indicated that they have high level of self-confidence in their abilities to conduct, appropriate health assessments, perform effective intervention, participate as an effective team member and recognize patient deterioration events.

57 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, a model of learning that according to the effectiveness of all students, one of them is inquiry learning model is proposed. But this model may lead to boredom or burnout, lack of understanding of concepts, and monotonous activities that makes the students are less motivated to learn.
Abstract: The necessities of the 21st century requires education to continue creating the young generation to have life skills. Life skills are trained through the learning process and identified through the learning outcomes of students. One of the affecting factors for low learning outcomes is learning models. The learning model is a design study that will be conducted by teacher in the classroom. Use a less precise model of learning in the learning process that may lead to boredom or burnout, lack of understanding of concepts, and monotonous activities that makes the students are less motivated to learn. Therefore, a model of learning that according to the effectiveness of all students, one of them is inquiry learning model. Inquiry is the process of using the intellectual students in acquiring knowledge in how to find and organize the concepts and principles into an order of importance according to the student. Inquiry does not only develop intellectual abilities but all potential students, including the emotional and also skills development.

52 citations


Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors draw an outline of empirical research studies conducted on STEM education with a focus on student achievement, in addition to their creativity and problem solving skills, attitudes and interests towards STEM subjects.
Abstract: The purpose of the current study is to draw an outline of empirical research studies conducted on STEM education with a focus on student achievement, in addition to their creativity and problem solving skills, attitudes and interests towards STEM subjects. After an initial screening of several articles, papers and dissertations on STEM education, 33 studies are selected according to their fit into our research framework. These selected studies are exposed to analysis and synthesis processes in line with the stages of meta-synthesis research method to specify and present findings under the specified themes. The findings include the strong alignment between STEM education principles and international comparison studies, such as PISA/TIMSS, as well as a positive impact of STEM education on student achievement at school and on their attitudes towards individual STEM disciplines. There is also evidence to support that interventions that follow STEM education principles reinforce students’ problem solving and creativity. Keywords: STEM education, meta-synthesis studies, science and mathematics education

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors have explored the perceived level of higher order thinking skills among students and its difference between genders and attempted to know the teaching strategies for the inculcation of HOTS being practiced in Thailand and its relations with teachers' professional component such as designation, educational qualifications, teaching experience, research experience and training and workshop exposure.
Abstract: Higher order thinking skills (HOTS) has portrayed immense industry demand and the major goal of educational institution in imparting education is to inculcate higher order thinking skills. This compiles and mandate the institutions and instructor to develop the higher order thinking skills among students in order to prepare them for effective performance and meet the employers’ expectations (Heong at all,2011). Role of teaching strategies plays vital role in such inculcation where students can analyze, interpret, reason out, synthesize, evaluate and create. The current study signifies the perceptual understanding of higher order thinking skills of the graduate passing through the higher educational institutions in Thailand. The study also contributes to the literature with bridging the conceptual gap with examining the relationship between Teachers’ professional components with teaching strategy of higher order thinking skills. The study has explored the perceived level of HOTS among students and its difference between genders. It has also attempted to know the teaching strategies for the inculcation of HOTS being practiced in Thailand and its relations with teachers’ professional component such as designation, educational qualifications, teaching experience, research experience and training and workshop exposure. The research participants into the study are 126 teachers and 659 students. This incorporates survey within various courses of leading International higher educational institutions and universities in Bangkok. Two survey instruments was employed; the first survey was administered on teachers intending to measure the teaching strategies to impart higher order thinking skills and teacher’s professional component. The second; instrument has undertaken the Mazaro’s rubric for specific task and situation to assess the perceived level of higher order thinking skills among students. The finding of the study revealed that students have shown medium level of higher order thinking skills. The teachers are using more knowledge development and application strategies. The teachers’ professional components such as designation, teaching experience and qualification are significantly correlated with strategies used for imparting higher order thinking skills. Based on the observation study has furnished suggested measures and future dimensions of the research.

Journal Article
TL;DR: This paper introduces a meaningful learning strategy for the classroom that promotes the presentation of information in visual formats such as images, diagrams, flowcharts and interactive simulations and shows that visual leaning tools increased the students’ HOT skills.
Abstract: Various concepts have been introduced to improve students’ analytical thinking skills based on problem based learning (PBL). This paper introduces a new concept to increase student’s analytical thinking skills based on a visual learning strategy. Such a strategy has three fundamental components: a teacher, a student, and a learning process. The role of the teacher includes monitoring the learning process by considering the most productive way to improve higher-order thinking (HOT) skills.Many studies show that students learn from courses that provide information in a visual format. We introduce a meaningful learning strategy for the classroom that promotes the presentation of information in visual formats such as images, diagrams, flowcharts and interactive simulations. Furthermore, we compared visual and traditional learners based on their HOT skills, which were evaluated using the SWOT model. Performance analysis shows that visual leaning tools increased the students’ HOT skills. Keywords : visual learning, PBL, HOT skills

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the level of discipline and extent of impact of discipline on academic performance among class eight pupils in the sub-county of Muhoroni in Kenya were determined.
Abstract: In Muhoroni Sub-County, Kenya, pupils’ academic performance has received little attention in relation to discipline. The objectives of this study were to determine the level of discipline and extent of impact of discipline on academic performance among class eight pupils in the sub-county’s public primary schools. The study adopted descriptive survey and correlational research designs. The study population comprised 2,450 class eight pupils in the sub-county’s public primary schools. From 34 randomly selected schools, 817 pupils were selected by stratified random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data on discipline and academic performance of the pupils. Reliability coefficients of the questionnaires were determined by test-retest method and found to be 0.83 and 0.97 for questionnaire on discipline and academic performance respectively. The questionnaires’ face and content validity was ascertained by experts. Results indicated that 46 (5.6%), 214 (26.2%), 413(50.6%) and 144 (17.6%) of the pupils had low, moderate, high, and very high discipline respectively. Also, discipline related positively with, and accounted for 23% of variance in the pupils’ academic performance ( R = .480, β = .480, R 2 = .230, p < .05). The study recommended enhancement of discipline among the pupils for improvement of their academic performance. Keywords: Academic Performance, Discipline, Impact, Pupils, Primary Schools.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between critical thinking dispositions and learning approaches among baccalaureate nursing students was determined, and an evidence of positive correlation between learning approaches and critical thinking was found.
Abstract: Background: Part of the 21st century skills is critical thinking and learning approaches of students. A part of that resurgence can be attributable to several studies on critical thinking, logic, and thinking skills. Health care professionals are challenged by the complexities of the health care environment. The practice of nursing requires critical thinking and clinical reasoning to define a client’s problem, examine the evidence-based practice in caring for the client, and make choices in the delivery of care. Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to determine the relation between critical thinking dispositions and learning approaches among baccalaureate nursing students. Research design: Quantitative descriptive correctional design was selected for this study. Setting The study was conducted at faculty of nursing, Modern University for Technology & Information (MTI) in Egypt. Nursing students (N=120) of baccalaureate program who were enrolled at the academic year 2015-2016. Tools of data collection: Tool 1: Demographic Data: The Demographic Data included age, gender, level of education program (semester), nationality, pre-university qualification and pre/current experience at hospital or health agency. Tool 2: CCTDI: The California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CCTDI) to measure the dispositional dimension of critical thinking. Tool 3: The study process questionnaire (SPQ): to assess the approaches of students in tertiary institutions towards learning and studying. Result: Finding of this study showed that there was a positive correlation between Critical Thinking Disposition and Approaches to Learning among Baccalaureate Nursing Students (p=0.000). Conclusion: There was an evidence of positive correlation between learning approaches and critical thinking among Baccalaureate Nursing Students. Recommendations: Nurse educators must understand and integrate students’ learning approaches into nursing curricula to promote critical thinking and satisfying learning experiences. Keywords: Critical Thinking Disposition, Approaches to Learning, Nursing Students

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of problem-based learning on students' achievement in chemistry and found that PBL is an effective way for to teach chemistry so as to improve students' critical thinking and problem solving skills.
Abstract: The study investigated the effect of problem-based learning on students’ achievement in chemistry. Learners’ low achievement in Science in South Africa has been a concern to government, stakeholders, school principals and parents over the years as a result of poor teaching techniques, students’ attitudes, lack of teaching and learning materials, teachers’ pedagogical skills etc. Several studies, for instance Monitoring Learner Achievement (MLA) project conducted by UNESCO and UNICEF have shown no improvement in the performance of South African students in Mathematics and Science. Quasi-experimental design was employed for the study. 101 equivalent students were selected for the study using pre-test. The control group was taught with the traditional lecture method whiles the experimental group received instruction with PBL. Independent T-test was used for the analysis. Results showed that there was significant difference (p < 0.05) in chemistry achievement of students between control and the experimental group while there was no significant differences in the before the study. The results show that PBL is an effective way for to teach chemistry so as to improve students’ critical thinking and problem solving skills. Keywords: Chemistry, Problem-Based Learning, Critical thinking, Traditional lecture, Achievement.

Journal Article
TL;DR: Four designs above contribute to the effective implementation of the open teaching activities based on the blended model of flipped classroom and SPOC teaching, so as to enhance the quality of education.
Abstract: SPOC is characterized by improving teaching effectiveness. Currently open teaching mode is the popular trend, which is mainly related to several aspects: how to carry out teaching practice by using MOOC proprietary, high-quality online teaching resources in open education, that is, deep integration of curriculum resources and teaching design. On the basis of SPOC development, combined with open education analysis of SPOC with instructional design theory and philosophy from flipped classroom as a guide, the present research try to propose instructional design model based on flipped classroom, including design of teaching content system, design of personalized learning strategies, design of teaching activities and teaching evaluation system. Four designs above contribute to the effective implementation of the open teaching activities based on the blended model of flipped classroom and SPOC teaching, so as to enhance the quality of education. Keywords: Teaching design model; SPOC; Teaching methods; Flipped classroom

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the relevance of physical facilities in enhancing the level of motivation and the academic performance of senior secondary school students in South West Nigeria was examined and the results showed that there was a significant relationship between physical facilities and students level of motivate and academic performance.
Abstract: The paper examines the relevance of physical facilities in enhancing the level of motivation and the academic performance of senior secondary school students in South West Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto design.. The population consists of all senior secondary students in South West Nigeria. The sample for the study include one thousand and fifty senior secondary school students from three states out of the six states in the South West Geo-political zone. The researcher made use of a questionnaire and an inventory to collect data. A self designed questionnaire tagged “Motivation and Academic Performance of Senior Secondary School Students” (MAPSSS) was used to elicit information from the respondent. The result showed that there was a significant relationship between physical facilities and students level of motivation and academic performance. Based on the findings of the study, more physical, human and material resources that are of high quality should be made available in public school to motivate students towards learning. More priority should be given to allocation of funds to make the public school conducive for teaching and learning to take place; this will improve the academic standard of public schools.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the association between gender, personality traits and Twitter addiction among undergraduates was examined and it was found that while gender was positive predictor of TA, agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion were significantly negatively predicting the TA levels of the Turkish undergraduates.
Abstract: In this study, it was aimed to examine the association between gender, personality traits and Twitter addiction (TA) among undergraduates. Study group consisted of 365 undergraduate students who are enrolled at the state university in western region of Black sea. Big Five Inventory, TA Scale and personal information form were used for data collection. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, t test, Pearson's correlation and multiple regression analyses were utilized. As a result of the study, it was found that while 37.5% of the participants were mildly addicted to Twitter, 14.5% of them were addicted moderately. Another finding suggested that addiction levels of the male students were significantly higher than females. Results also indicated that while gender was positive predictor of TA, agreeableness, conscientiousness and extraversion were significantly negatively predicting the TA levels of the Turkish undergraduates. Keywords : Twitter, addiction, personality, undergraduate

Journal Article
TL;DR: The need for in-service education of teachers cannot be underestimated as mentioned in this paper, it is a necessity in enhancing work performance and motivation of teachers in the field, it becomes imperative that every attention should be devoted to the inservice education to promote their professional growth and development, and relevant suggestions were put forward to achieve a better staff development programme aimed at helping teachers to update their knowledge, expertise, skills and competence in the teaching profession.
Abstract: The need for in-service education of teachers cannot be underestimated. It is a necessity in enhancing work performance and motivation of teachers in the field. Absence of in-service training of teachers will retard professional growth of teachers as well as “missing gaps” between demands and actual achievement levels. In-service education allows for such activities that may include seminars, workshops, conferences, classes, exhibitions etc that are designed to develop and improve employees in an organization from the initial employment stage to retirement. From the foregoing, it becomes imperative that every attention should be devoted to the inservice education of teachers to promote their professional growth and development. Therefore, the focus of this paper is to have an overview and problems of in-service education of teachers in Nigeria. Finally, relevant suggestions were put forward to achieve a better staff development programme aimed at helping teachers to update their knowledge, expertise, skills and competence in the teaching profession. Keywords: Overview, In-service, Education, In-service Education and Way Forward

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the role of play in cognitive development of children has been studied and the major finding of the study indicated that children feel curiosity to explore new things, new ideas by play.
Abstract: Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving and decision making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Play contributes to cognitive development in a number of ways. It helps children to develop imaginary and memory which is essential for thinking about past, present and future. The main purpose of the study was to find out the role of play regarding cognitive development of children. This study was quantitative in nature. Survey method was used to collect data. A sample of three hundred students was selected from both public and private sector schools of Lahore city. A five point Likert scale was used to collect data. Mean, t-test, One Way ANOVA and percentages were applied to analyze the data. The major finding of the study indicated that students feel curiosity to explore new things, new ideas by play. Keywords: Play, Cognitive development, Formal operational stage

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored the relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement among undergraduate nursing students and concluded that a significant percentage of the students participated in the study experienced moderate to severe levels of test anxiety.
Abstract: Introduction: Anxiety is a common phenomenon that constitutes a universal cause of poor academic performance among students worldwide. It is a kind of self preoccupation which is manifested as selfminimization and results in negative cognitive evaluation, lack of concentration, unfavorable physiological reactions and academic failure. Test anxiety and its dimensions became one of the broadest research areas in recent years. Compared to other students, most of the nursing students experience high levels of test anxiety during final exam even though their marks are good throughout the semester. Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between test anxiety and academic achievement among undergraduate nursing students. Methods : A descriptive correlation, cross sectional research design was utilized to conduct the current study on a convenience sample of 277 undergraduate nursing students from all academic levels at College of Nursing, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences - Riyadh (KSAU), who gave voluntary consent to participate in the study. Participants were asked to complete a two part questionnaire survey including participant’s demographic background such as age, GPA, academic level, history of medical and mental illnesses and Test Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1980) which was used to measure the primary outcome variable of the study, it is a four point Likert scale with 20 statements to find out how often participants experience the feeling described in each statement. An explanation about the purpose and the nature of the study was offered for each participant. The participants were ensured about the confidentiality and anonymity of the collected data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Results : Test anxiety score of the participants ranged between 20 and 74. Only14.4% demonstrated severe test anxiety, about 50.9% experienced moderate test anxiety and more than one quarter of the participant’s experienced mild test anxiety. Analysis of data revealed statistically significant negative relationship between test anxiety scores and undergraduate nursing students’ academic level (r = -0.144, p = 0.01) which explain that undergraduate nursing students in higher academic level experience less test anxiety. Pearson’s R revealed a negative none statistically significant relationship (r = -0.090, p = 0.157) between test anxiety scores and undergraduate nursing students Grade Point Average. In examining the relationship between test anxiety scores and undergraduate nursing students’ age, Pearson’s R revealed negative none statistically significant relationship (r = -0.078, p = 0.197) which indicates that test anxiety scores decreased with participants age. Conclusion and Recommendations: Results of this study concluded that a significant percentage of the students participated in the study experienced moderate to severe levels of test anxiety. It is fundamental to help out undergraduate nursing students to deal with stress and trim down test anxiety efficiently through group work via students, parents, faculty, academic advisors and other concerned parties. In addition undergraduate students should be taught about effective time and anxiety management strategies for better academic achievements. Considering the physiological and psychological factors leading to severe test anxiety among undergraduate nursing students is highly recommended. Counseling services should be available to nursing students when needed.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the role of satisfaction on students' academic performance and investigated the relationship between satisfaction of students and academic performance, and explored other factors that contribute academic performance.
Abstract: This study examines the role of satisfaction on students’ academic performance and investigates the relationship between satisfaction of students and academic performance and explores other factors that contribute academic performance. A correlation research was used. The study population was the third and the last year students of Benadir University in Mogadishu, Somalia and a sample of 133 were drawn. A questionnaire was used in the study to collect the data from the respondents and analyzed by using correlation statistics. The study found that there is strong relationship between satisfaction of students and academic performance as Pearson correlation displayed in table one. The study also found that satisfaction promotes both academic achievement and student retention. Keywords: Satisfaction of Students, Academic performance and Benadir University

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discussed the alternative settlement for the problem of character education of the nation, and discussed the issues of Orientation bias and bias value of the national character education focus of the country.
Abstract: Weak character education raises the problem of corruption, a fight between students, free sex, drugs and rape/abortion indicate that the issue of character education of the nation must be improved and the concern of all parties, the nation's leaders, law enforcement officers, educators, religious leaders, groups and other etc. There are two important issues about the educational character of the nation; Orientation bias and bias value national character education focus of the nation. This paper includes concern for the problems faced by Indonesia in terms of character education, and then analyze the facts and the reality that is happening, in this paper discussed the alternative settlement. Character development if it is to effectively and intact is the reform of education through curriculum changes to include three institutions, namely the family, school and community. The first step to do is reconnect relations and educational networks that breaking point between the third educational institution. Without the three institutions, education programs in schools only a discourse character alone will not work because there is no continuity and harmonization. Keywords : Character Issues, Problems, Solutions and Education

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed an instrument that can be used to measure higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in mathematics instruction of high school students using structural equation modeling (SEM).
Abstract: The purpose of this research was to develop an instrument that can be used to measure higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in mathematics instruction of high school students. This research was conducted using a standard procedure of instrument development, from the development of conceptual definitions, development of operational definitions, determination of constructs, dimensions, and indicators, to the preparation of blue prints, item preparation, expert validation, and testing. Data results from trials is analyzed using factor analysis and analysis of structural equation modeling (SEM). The data-analysis shows that there are 9 factors HOTS that construct the instrument with good validity and reliability. This instrument classifies high school students into five categories of HOTS ability. HOTS grouping results can be used by various interested institutions to evaluate the instruction of mathematics. These evaluations are used to determine the success of student learning and the success of teachers' teaching.

Journal Article
TL;DR: This paper investigated the views and implementations of preschool teachers in "giving character education through picture storybooks" and found that teachers find story books useful and effective in terms of character education, believe that teachers should be a role model in character education and methods like drama, play, question-answer, and brainstorming are much preferred for an effective character education.
Abstract: This study aims to investigate the views and implementations of preschool teachers in “giving character education through picture storybooks”. Descriptive review method was used in the research and supported with focus group interviews. For this reason data were took from two study groups (for the descriptive study group n=245, for the focus group n=24 teachers). Study results show that character education is the important for the teachers, teachers use picture storybooks that support character education, however they find themselves partly competent in giving character education with picture storybooks, and think story books useful and effective in terms of character education, believe that teachers should be a role model in character education, and methods like drama, play, question-answer, and brainstorming are much preferred for an effective character education. Upon these results, enhancement of books that support character education in children’s literature and courses aimed at character education in preschool teaching departments can be suggested.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe students' critical thinking ability based on the level of academic and gender, and find that both male and female students have similar ability to generalize the ability to complete the data provided and do not yet have the capability to identify and justify the concept and analyze algorithms.
Abstract: This research aims to describe students’ critical thinking ability based on the level academic and gender. The populations of this study were 132 students participating in five classes of Calculus course. The research data obtained through technical tests and interview techniques.This study found that the high level of capability, both male students or female students already have the ability to generalize the ability to complete the data provided and do not yet have the ability to identify and justify the concept and analyze algorithms. At medium and low levels of capability, male students or female students show similar. Keywords : critical thinking ability; level academic; gender

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, some of the issues, challenges and way forward of technical, vocational education and training (TVET) in Nigeria and to suggest ways of improving the teaching and learning of technical and vocational education with greater interest and enthusiasm.
Abstract: Technical education, as enshrined in the Nigerian national policy on education, is concerned with qualitative technological human resources development directed towards a national pool of skilled and self reliant craftsmen, technicians and technologists in technical and vocational education fields. In Nigeria, the training of technical personnel has witnessed many challenges ranging from policies which have no beaming with our problems, curriculum that has little or no relationship with workplace and social needs, embezzlement of fund meant for education development purposes, lack of teacher motivation, inadequate facilities, inadequate funding, brain drain, poor staff training , bribery and corruption. This paper intends to critically examine some of the issues, challenges and way forward of technical, vocational education and training(TVET) in Nigeria and to suggest ways of improving the teaching and learning of technical and vocational education with greater interest and enthusiasm.

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a critical discourse analysis of Donald Trump's negative evaluation of women is presented, which sheds light on his sexist ideology to negatively represent and underestimate women and investigate the structural, lexical, and rhetorical strategies that are utilized for this purpose.
Abstract: Language is not always seen as a neutral vehicle which represents reality It is sometimes described as a tool which is drawn on to discriminate, insult, abuse, and belittle others This is evident in the case of sexism which is seen as language that discriminates against women by representing them negatively or which seems to implicitly assume that activities primarily associated with women are necessarily trivial Thus, language is described as a potential that is drawn on strategically by sexists to devalue or marginalize women The current paper is a critical discourse analysis of Donald Trump's negative evaluation of women It sheds light on his sexist ideology to negatively represent and underestimate women It aims to investigate the structural, lexical, and rhetorical strategies that are utilized for this purpose For this end, the researcher will analyze some of Trump's opinions concerning women in different occasions drawing upon an eclectic model adopted from Mill's (2008) and VanDijk ((2006) Keywords: sexism, critical discourse analysis, Trump, ideology, negative evaluation

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this article, the authors applied mind mapping strategy (SMM) as an alternative to improve Mathematical Reasoning ability (KPM) in mathematics teaching, and found out contribution level in SMM application to ward the enhancement of mathematical reasoning ability.
Abstract: Mathematical reasoning ability, are component that must be governable by the student. Mathematical reasoning plays an important role, both in solving problems and in conveying ideas when learning mathematics. In fact there ability are not still developed well, even in middle school. The importance of mathematical reasoning ability (KPM are parallel in improving student skill to mastery those three abilities. Therefore it is necessary to apply learning strategy that is expected to improve the KPM, in mathematics teaching. This research applied mind mapping strategy (SMM) as an alternative to improve all three. This aims to find out contribution level in SMM application to ward the enhancement of mathematical reasoning ability, at school rank (low , high and medium), KAM (high, medium and low). The research is a quasi-experimental research by using Pretest and Posttest Control Group Design. The sample in this research is 130 students in eight of two School in Ambon. Each school represents high school rank and medium school rank. The hypothesis was tested at 5% significance level. The data were analysed by applying the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS), Levene test, t-test, t’-test , Mann-Whitney U test, and ANOVA two lines. The result shows that:(1) there is a difference achievement, the enhancement of KPM, in experiment class and control class; (2) there is an interaction between learning and school rank in enhancing the ability of mathematical reasoning; (3) there is no interaction between learning and KAM in increasing reasoning ability. Keywords : mathematical reasoning ability, mind mapping strategy.